{{Short description|Stony Eoan asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}} {{Infobox planet | minorplanet = yes | name = 1033 Simona | background = #D6D6D6 | image = | image_size = | caption = | discovery_ref = <ref name="jpldata" /> | discovered = 4 September 1924 | discoverer = G. van Biesbroeck | discovery_site = Yerkes Obs. | mpc_name = (1033) Simona | alt_names = 1924 SM{{·}}1937 CG | pronounced = | named_after = {{nowrap|Simona Van Biesbroeck}}<br />{{small|(discoverer's daughter)}}<ref name="springer" /> | mp_category = main-belt{{·}}Eos<ref name="lcdb" /> | orbit_ref = <ref name="jpldata" /> | epoch = 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) | uncertainty = 0 | observation_arc = 80.76 yr (29,498 days) | aphelion = 3.3538 AU | perihelion = 2.6474 AU | semimajor = 3.0006 AU | eccentricity = 0.1177 | period = 5.20 yr (1,898 days) | mean_anomaly = 268.12° | mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.1896|sup=ms}} / day | inclination = 10.664° | asc_node = 188.95° | arg_peri = 217.96° | dimensions = {{val|19.195|0.194}} km<ref name="Masiero-2014" /><br />{{val|20.247|0.260}} km<ref name="WISE" /><br />{{val|20.29|6.38}} km<ref name="Nugent-2015" /><br />{{val|23.72|1.70}} km<ref name="AKARI" /><br />24.71 km {{small|(derived)}}<ref name="lcdb" /> | rotation = {{val|9.6}} h<ref name="geneva-obs" /><br />{{val|10.07|0.06}} h<ref name="Shipley-2008" /> | albedo = 0.1050 {{small|(derived)}}<ref name="lcdb" /><br />{{val|0.12|0.10}}<ref name="Nugent-2015" /><br />{{val|0.125|0.019}}<ref name="AKARI" /><br />{{val|0.1725|0.0201}}<ref name="WISE" /><br />{{val|0.196|0.041}}<ref name="Masiero-2014" /> | spectral_type = S<ref name="lcdb" /> | abs_magnitude = 11.0<ref name="WISE" /><ref name="AKARI" />{{·}}11.1<ref name="jpldata" /><ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="Nugent-2015" /> }}
'''1033 Simona''', provisional designation {{mp|1924 SM}}, is a stony Eoan asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 20 kilometers in diameter. The asteroid was discovered by George Van Biesbroeck in 1924, who named it after his daughter Simona.
== Discovery ==
''Simona'' was discovered on 4 September 1924, by Belgian–American astronomer George Van Biesbroeck at Yerkes Observatory in Wisconsin, United States.<ref name="MPC-Simona" /> On the following night, it was independently discovered by Soviet astronomer Sergey Belyavsky at Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula.<ref name="springer" /> As an anomaly, the asteroid's astrometric discovery record from 1924, {{mp|1924 SM}}, is missing in the observational history table provided by the Minor Planet Center. The first given observation is from 30 August 1938, made at Heidelberg Observatory.<ref name="MPC-Simona" />
== Orbit and classifications ==
''Simona'' is a member of the Eos family, a collisional outer-belt family of untypical stony asteroids. It orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.6–3.4 AU once every 5 years and 2 months (1,898 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.12 and an inclination of 11° with respect to the ecliptic.<ref name="jpldata" /> The body's observation arc begins almost 13 years after its official discovery observation, with its identification {{mp|1937 CG}} at Uccle Observatory in February 1937.<ref name="MPC-Simona" />
== Physical characteristics == === Lightcurves ===
In September 2007, photometric observations at the Oakley Observatory in Indiana, United States, gave a fragmentary lightcurve with a rotation period of 10.07 hours and a brightness variation of 0.15 magnitude ({{small|U=1+}}).<ref name="Shipley-2008" />
Another fragmentary lightcurve of ''Simona'' was obtained by French amateur astronomer René Roy in August 2012. Lightcurve analysis gave a period of 9.6 hours with an amplitude of 0.02 magnitude ({{small|U=n.a.}}).<ref name="geneva-obs" />
=== Diameter and albedo ===
According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, ''Simona'' measures between 19.195 and 23.72 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.12 and 0.196.<ref name="Masiero-2014" /><ref name="WISE" /><ref name="Nugent-2015" /><ref name="AKARI" /> The ''Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link'' derives an albedo of 0.1050 and a diameter of 24.71 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.1.<ref name="lcdb" />
== Naming ==
This minor planet was named after the discoverer's daughter Simona Titus (née Van Biesbroeck). The official naming citation was published by Paul Herget in ''The Names of the Minor Planets'' ({{small|H 98}}).<ref name="springer" />
== References == {{reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web |type = 2016-08-23 last obs. |title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1033 Simona (1924 SM) |url = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001033 |publisher = Jet Propulsion Laboratory |accessdate = 30 June 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="springer">{{cite book |title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1033) Simona |last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D. |publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg |page = 89 |date = 2007 |isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3 |doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1034 |chapter = (1033) Simona }}</ref>
<ref name="MPC-Simona">{{cite web |title = 1033 Simona (1924 SM) |work = Minor Planet Center |url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1033 |accessdate = 30 June 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="geneva-obs">{{cite web |title = Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1033) Simona |last = Behrend |first = Raoul |publisher = Geneva Observatory |url = http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page3cou.html#001033 |accessdate = 30 June 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="Masiero-2014">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero |first2 = T. |last2 = Grav |first3 = A. K. |last3 = Mainzer |first4 = C. R. |last4 = Nugent |first5 = J. M. |last5 = Bauer |first6 = R. |last6 = Stevenson |first7 = S. |last7 = Sonnett |date = August 2014 |title = Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2014ApJ...791..121M |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 791 |issue = 2 |page = 11 |bibcode = 2014ApJ...791..121M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121 |arxiv = 1406.6645 |access-date= 30 June 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="lcdb">{{cite LCDB|number = 1033 |accessdate = 30 June 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="AKARI">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Fumihiko |last1 = Usui |first2 = Daisuke |last2 = Kuroda |first3 = Thomas G. |last3 = Müller |first4 = Sunao |last4 = Hasegawa |first5 = Masateru |last5 = Ishiguro |first6 = Takafumi |last6 = Ootsubo |first7 = Daisuke |last7 = Ishihara |first8 = Hirokazu |last8 = Kataza |first9 = Satoshi |last9 = Takita |first10 = Shinki |last10 = Oyabu |first11 = Munetaka |last11 = Ueno |first12 = Hideo |last12 = Matsuhara |first13 = Takashi |last13 = Onaka |date = October 2011 |title = Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey |journal = Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan |volume = 63 |issue = 5 |pages = 1117–1138 |bibcode = 2011PASJ...63.1117U |doi = 10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117 |doi-access= }} ([http://vizier.cfa.harvard.edu/viz-bin/VizieR-5?-source=J/PASJ/63/1117/acua_v1&Num=1033 online], [https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/43545172.pdf AcuA catalog p. 153])</ref>
<ref name="WISE">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = A. |last1 = Mainzer |first2 = T. |last2 = Grav |first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero |first4 = E. |last4 = Hand |first5 = J. |last5 = Bauer |first6 = D. |last6 = Tholen |first7 = R. S. |last7 = McMillan |first8 = T. |last8 = Spahr |first9 = R. M. |last9 = Cutri |first10 = E. |last10 = Wright |first11 = J. |last11 = Watkins |first12 = W. |last12 = Mo |first13 = C. |last13 = Maleszewski |date = November 2011 |title = NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 741 |issue = 2 |page = 25 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...90M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90 |arxiv = 1109.6407}}</ref>
<ref name="Nugent-2015">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = C. R. |last1 = Nugent |first2 = A. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero |first4 = J. |last4 = Bauer |first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri |first6 = T. |last6 = Grav |first7 = E. |last7 = Kramer |first8 = S. |last8 = Sonnett |first9 = R. |last9 = Stevenson |first10 = E. L. |last10 = Wright |date = December 2015 |title = NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015ApJ...814..117N |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 814 |issue = 2 |page = 13 |bibcode = 2015ApJ...814..117N |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117 |arxiv = 1509.02522 |access-date= 30 June 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="Shipley-2008">{{Cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Heath |last1 = Shipley |first2 = Alex |last2 = Dillard |first3 = Jordan |last3 = Kendall |first4 = Matthew |last4 = Reichert |first5 = Jason |last5 = Sauppe |first6 = Nelson |last6 = Shaffer |first7 = Thomas |last7 = Kleeman |first8 = Richard |last8 = Ditteon |date = September 2008 |title = Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at the Oakley Observatory - September 2007 |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2008MPBu...35...99S |journal = The Minor Planet Bulletin |volume = 35 |issue = 3 |pages = 99–102 |issn = 1052-8091 |bibcode = 2008MPBu...35...99S |access-date= 30 June 2017}}</ref>
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== External links == * [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216050541/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html |date=16 December 2017 }}) * [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books * [http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend * [https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000)] – Minor Planet Center * {{AstDys|1033}} * {{JPL small body}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Simona}} 001033 Category:Discoveries by George Van Biesbroeck Category:Named minor planets 19240904