{{Short description|Main-belt asteroid}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}} {{Infobox planet | minorplanet = yes | name = 10046 Creighton | background = #D6D6D6 | image = | image_size = | caption = | discovery_ref = <ref name="MPC-object" /> | discoverer = INAS | discovery_site = Palomar Obs. | discovered = 2 May 1986 | mpc_name = (10046) Creighton | alt_names = 1986 JC{{·}}1986 LD<br />{{mp|1990 KH|2}}{{·}}{{mp|1990 SJ|10}} | pronounced = | named_after = James M. Creighton<br />{{small|(American architect)}}<ref name="MPC-object" /> | mp_category = main-belt<ref name="MPC-object" /><ref name="jpldata" />{{·}}{{small|(inner)}}<br />background<ref name="AstDys-object" /> | orbit_ref = <ref name="jpldata" /> | epoch = 23 March 2018 (JD 2458200.5) | uncertainty = 0 | observation_arc = 63.74 yr (23,280 d) | aphelion = 2.8999 AU | perihelion = 1.7791 AU | semimajor = 2.3395 AU | eccentricity = 0.2396 | period = 3.58 yr (1,307 d) | mean_anomaly = 297.13° | mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.2754|sup=ms}} / day | inclination = 8.3234° | asc_node = 101.68° | arg_peri = 176.98° | mean_diameter = {{val|9.80|2.58|ul=km}}<ref name="Nugent-2015" /><br />{{val|10.00|0.67|u=km}}<ref name="Nugent-2016" /><br />{{val|10.428|0.207|u=km}}<ref name="Masiero-2011" /><ref name="WISE" /><br />{{val|11.15|2.45|u=km}}<ref name="Masiero-2012" /><br />12.40 km {{small|(derived)}}<ref name="lcdb" /> | rotation = {{val|6.566|0.002|ul=h}}{{efn|name=lcdb-Skiff-2011}}<br />{{val|6.567|0.0036|u=h}}<ref name="Waszczak-2015" /><br />{{val|6.5698|0.0002|u=h}}<ref name="Clark-2012a" /> | albedo = {{val|0.0417}} {{small|(derived)}}<ref name="lcdb" /><br />{{val|0.05|0.01}}<ref name="Nugent-2016" /><br />{{val|0.052|0.038}}<ref name="Masiero-2012" /><br />{{val|0.07|0.04}}<ref name="Nugent-2015" /><br />{{val|0.071|0.013}}<ref name="Masiero-2011" /><ref name="WISE" /> | spectral_type = X <ref name="Veres-2015" />{{·}}C {{efn|name=SDSS-MFB}} | abs_magnitude = 13.4<ref name="WISE" /><br />13.50<ref name="Nugent-2015" /><br />13.60<ref name="jpldata" /><ref name="Masiero-2012" /><ref name="lcdb" /><br />{{val|13.637|0.009}} {{small|(R)}}<ref name="Waszczak-2015" /><br />{{val|13.73|0.32}}<ref name="Veres-2015" /><br />13.85<ref name="Nugent-2016" /> }}
'''10046 Creighton''', provisional designation {{mp|1986 JC}}, is a carbonaceous background asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately {{convert|10|km|mi|abbr=off|sigfig=2|sp=us}} in diameter. It was discovered on 2 May 1986, by astronomers with the International Near-Earth Asteroid Survey (INAS) at Palomar Observatory, California, in the United States.<ref name="MPC-object" /> The C-type asteroid has a rotation period of 6.57 hours.<ref name="lcdb" /> It was named after American architect James M. Creighton.<ref name="MPC-object" />
== Orbit and classification ==
''Creighton'' is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population.<ref name="AstDys-object" /> It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 1.8–2.9 AU once every 3 years and 7 months (1,307 days; semi-major axis of 2.34 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.24 and an inclination of 8° with respect to the ecliptic.<ref name="jpldata" /> The body's observation arc begins with a precovery taken at the discovering observatory in July 1954, nearly 32 years prior to its official discovery observation.<ref name="MPC-object" />
== Physical characteristics ==
''Creighton'' has been characterized as a common X-type asteroid by Pan-STARRS{{'}} photometric survey.<ref name="Veres-2015" /> It is also characterized as a dark C-type asteroid in the SDSS-MFB (Masi Foglia Binzel) taxonomy.<ref name="lcdb" />{{efn|name=SDSS-MFB}}
=== Rotation period ===
In April 2011, a rotational light-curve was obtained for this asteroid from photometric observations by American astronomer Brian Skiff. The light-curve gave a well-defined rotation period of {{val|6.566|0.002}} hours with a brightness variation of 0.68 in magnitude ({{small|U=3}}).{{efn|name=lcdb-Skiff-2011}} Two other light-curves – obtained at the Palomar Transient Factory, California, in February 2014, and by astronomer Maurice Clark at Texas Tech's Preston Gott Observatory in June 2011 – are in agreement with a period of {{val|6.5668|0.0036}} and {{val|6.5698|0.0002}} hours, and an amplitude of 0.46 and 0.65, respectively ({{small|U=2/3-}}).<ref name="Waszczak-2015" /><ref name="Clark-2012a" />
=== Diameter and albedo ===
According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, ''Creighton'' measures between 9.80 and 11.15 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.05 and 0.071.<ref name="Nugent-2015" /><ref name="Nugent-2016" /><ref name="Masiero-2011" /><ref name="WISE" /><ref name="Masiero-2012" />
The ''Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link'' derives an albedo of 0.0417 and a diameter of 12.40 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 13.6.<ref name="lcdb" />
== Naming ==
This minor planet was named after pioneering American architect James M. Creighton (1856–1946), who designed the Old Main building at Arizona State University, and designed and constructed the original road to the summit of Pikes Peak in Colorado.<ref name="MPC-object" /> The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 2 December 2009 ({{small|M.P.C. 67759}}).<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive" />
== Notes == {{notelist|refs=
{{efn|name=lcdb-Skiff-2011|1=Skiff (2011) web: rotation period {{val|6.566|0.002}} hours with a brightness amplitude of {{val|0.68}} mag. Summary figures at the [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=10046%7CCreighton LCDB].}}
{{efn|name=SDSS-MFB|1=Search for Unusual Spectroscopic Candidates Among 40313 minor planets from the 3rd Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Moving Object Catalog ([http://people.roma2.infn.it/~masi/sdss_smass/sdsssmass.pdf publication]). SDSS-MFB (Masi Foglia Binzel) taxonomy ([http://people.roma2.infn.it/~masi/sdss_smass/sdsssmass.txt catalog]).}}
}} <!-- end of notelist -->
== References == {{reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web |type = 2018-03-27 last obs. |title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 10046 Creighton (1986 JC) |url = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2010046 |publisher = Jet Propulsion Laboratory |access-date = 29 April 2018}}</ref>
<ref name="MPC-object">{{cite web |title = 10046 Creighton (1986 JC) |work = Minor Planet Center |url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=10046 |access-date = 29 April 2018}}</ref>
<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive">{{cite web |title = MPC/MPO/MPS Archive |work = Minor Planet Center |url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html |access-date = 29 April 2018}}</ref>
<ref name="Masiero-2011">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero |first2 = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = T. |last3 = Grav |first4 = J. M. |last4 = Bauer |first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri |first6 = J. |last6 = Dailey |first7 = P. R. M. |last7 = Eisenhardt |first8 = R. S. |last8 = McMillan |first9 = T. B. |last9 = Spahr |first10 = M. F. |last10 = Skrutskie |first11 = D. |last11 = Tholen |first12 = R. G. |last12 = Walker |first13 = E. L. |last13 = Wright |first14 = E. |last14 = DeBaun |first15 = D. |last15 = Elsbury |first16 = T. IV |last16 = Gautier |first17 = S. |last17 = Gomillion |first18 = A. |last18 = Wilkins |date = November 2011 |title = Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 741 |issue = 2 |page = 20 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...68M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68 |arxiv = 1109.4096 |s2cid = 118745497 }}</ref>
<ref name="AstDys-object">{{cite web |title = Asteroid 10046 Creighton – Proper Elements |publisher = AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site |url = https://newton.spacedys.com/astdys/index.php?pc=1.1.6&n=10046 |access-date= 29 October 2019}}</ref>
<ref name="lcdb">{{cite LCDB|number = 10046 |access-date = 29 April 2018}}</ref>
<ref name="WISE">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = A. |last1 = Mainzer |first2 = T. |last2 = Grav |first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero |first4 = E. |last4 = Hand |first5 = J. |last5 = Bauer |first6 = D. |last6 = Tholen |first7 = R. S. |last7 = McMillan |first8 = T. |last8 = Spahr |first9 = R. M. |last9 = Cutri |first10 = E. |last10 = Wright |first11 = J. |last11 = Watkins |first12 = W. |last12 = Mo |first13 = C. |last13 = Maleszewski |date = November 2011 |title = NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 741 |issue = 2 |page = 25 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...90M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90 |arxiv = 1109.6407 |s2cid = 35447010 }}</ref>
<ref name="Masiero-2012">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero |first2 = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = T. |last3 = Grav |first4 = J. M. |last4 = Bauer |first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri |first6 = C. |last6 = Nugent |first7 = M. S. |last7 = Cabrera |date = November 2012 |title = Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids |journal = The Astrophysical Journal Letters |volume = 759 |issue = 1 |page = 5 |bibcode = 2012ApJ...759L...8M |doi = 10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8 |arxiv = 1209.5794 |s2cid = 46350317 }}</ref>
<ref name="Nugent-2016">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = C. R. |last1 = Nugent |first2 = A. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = J. |last3 = Bauer |first4 = R. M. |last4 = Cutri |first5 = E. A. |last5 = Kramer |first6 = T. |last6 = Grav |first7 = J. |last7 = Masiero |first8 = S. |last8 = Sonnett |first9 = E. L. |last9 = Wright |date = September 2016 |title = NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos |journal = The Astronomical Journal |volume = 152 |issue = 3 |page = 12 |bibcode = 2016AJ....152...63N |doi = 10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63 |arxiv = 1606.08923 |doi-access = free }}</ref>
<ref name="Nugent-2015">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = C. R. |last1 = Nugent |first2 = A. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero |first4 = J. |last4 = Bauer |first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri |first6 = T. |last6 = Grav |first7 = E. |last7 = Kramer |first8 = S. |last8 = Sonnett |first9 = R. |last9 = Stevenson |first10 = E. L. |last10 = Wright |date = December 2015 |title = NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 814 |issue = 2 |page = 13 |bibcode = 2015ApJ...814..117N |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117 |arxiv = 1509.02522 |s2cid = 9341381 }}</ref>
<ref name="Clark-2012a">{{Cite journal |author = Clark, Maurice |date = April 2012 |title = Asteroid Lightcurves from the Preston Gott Observatory |journal = The Minor Planet Bulletin |volume = 39 |issue = 2 |pages = 63–65 |issn = 1052-8091 |bibcode = 2012MPBu...39...63C }}</ref>
<ref name="Waszczak-2015">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Adam |last1 = Waszczak |first2 = Chan-Kao |last2 = Chang |first3 = Eran O. |last3 = Ofek |first4 = Russ |last4 = Laher |first5 = Frank |last5 = Masci |first6 = David |last6 = Levitan |first7 = Jason |last7 = Surace |first8 = Yu-Chi |last8 = Cheng |first9 = Wing-Huen |last9 = Ip |first10 = Daisuke |last10 = Kinoshita |first11 = George |last11 = Helou |first12 = Thomas A. |last12 = Prince |first13 = Shrinivas |last13 = Kulkarni |date = September 2015 |title = Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry |journal = The Astronomical Journal |volume = 150 |issue = 3 |page = 35 |bibcode = 2015AJ....150...75W |doi = 10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75 |arxiv = 1504.04041 |s2cid = 8342929 }}</ref>
<ref name="Veres-2015">{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Peter |last1 = Veres |first2 = Robert |last2 = Jedicke |first3 = Alan |last3 = Fitzsimmons |first4 = Larry |last4 = Denneau |first5 = Mikael |last5 = Granvik |first6 = Bryce |last6 = Bolin |first7 = Serge |last7 = Chastel |first8 = Richard J. |last8 = Wainscoat |first9 = William S. |last9 = Burgett |first10 = Kenneth C. |last10 = Chambers |first11 = Heather |last11 = Flewelling |first12 = Nick |last12 = Kaiser |first13 = Eugen A. |last13 = Magnier |first14 = Jeff S. |last14 = Morgan |first15 = Paul A. |last15 = Price |first16 = John L. |last16 = Tonry |first17 = Christopher |last17 = Waters |date = November 2015 |title = Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results |journal = Icarus |volume = 261 |pages = 34–47 |bibcode = 2015Icar..261...34V |doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007 |arxiv = 1506.00762 |s2cid = 53493339 }}</ref>
}} <!-- end of reflist -->
== External links == * [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216050541/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html |date=16 December 2017 }}) * [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books * [https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs010001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (10001)-(15000)] – Minor Planet Center * {{AstDys|10046}} * {{JPL small body}}
{{Minor planets navigator |(10045) 1985 RJ3 |number=10046 |(10047) 1986 QK2}} {{Small Solar System bodies}} {{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Creighton}} 010046 010046 Category:Named minor planets 19860502