0-6-4T

{{Short description|Tank locomotive wheel arrangement}} {{Infobox steam wheel arrangement | name = 0-6-4 | image = WheelArrangement 0-6-4.svg | alt = Diagram of three large driving wheels joined together with a coupling rod, and two small trailing wheels | caption = Front of locomotive at left | image2 = Beddgelert works photo.jpg | alt2 = | caption2 = ''Beddgelert'' of the [[North Wales Narrow Gauge Railways]]  | hatnote = | UIC/Germany/Italy= C2, C2' | French/Spanish = 032 | Turkish = 35 | Swiss = 3/5 | Russian = 0-3-2  | date = 1875 | country = England | locomotive = [[Moel Tryfan (locomotive)|''Moel Tryfan'']] | railway = [[North Wales Narrow Gauge Railways]] | designer = [[The Spooners of Porthmadog|George Percival Spooner]] | builder = [[Vulcan Foundry]] | evolvedfrom = [[0-6-2]] | evolvedto = | mainbenefit = | maindrawback =  | date2 = | country2 = | locomotive2 = | railway2 = | designer2 = | builder2 = | evolvedfrom2 = | evolvedto2 = | mainbenefit2 = | maindrawback2 =  | date3 = | country3 = | locomotive3 = | railway3 = | designer3 = | builder3 = | evolvedfrom3 = | evolvedto3 = | mainbenefit3 = | maindrawback3 = }}

Under the [[Whyte notation]] for the classification of [[steam locomotive]]s, '''{{nowrap|0-6-4}}''' represents the [[wheel arrangement]] of no [[leading wheel]]s, six powered and coupled [[driving wheel]]s on three axles, and four [[trailing wheel]]s on two axles. {{TOC limit|3}}

==Overview== This wheel arrangement has only been used for [[tank locomotive]]s and [[Fairlie locomotive#Single Fairlie or Mason Bogie|Single Fairlies]]. The earliest known example was the [[Moel Tryfan (locomotive)|Moel Tryfan]] [[narrow gauge]] locomotive, built for use on the [[North Wales Narrow Gauge Railways]]. It was a Single Fairlie type, built by the [[Vulcan Foundry]] near Manchester in 1875. It was followed by the [[NZR R class|R class]] and [[NZR S class|S class]], built by the [[Avonside Engine Company]] of England for the [[New Zealand Railways Department]] between 1878 and 1881.

==Usage== ===Australia=== The [[South Australian Railways K class (narrow gauge)|South Australian Railways K class]] locomotives were introduced in 1884, designed by William Thow. They were noted to run more smoothly bunker-first. After the electrification of the [[Mersey Railway]] in England, four of its 0-6-4T locomotives were sold to [[J & A Brown]] of [[New South Wales]], [[Australia]], where one, number 5, is preserved at the [[NSW Rail Museum]], [[Thirlmere, New South Wales]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nswrtm.org/exhibits/the_exhibits/jab5.html |title=New South Wales Rail Transport Museum - J & A Brown 5 |access-date=13 November 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070829230529/http://www.nswrtm.org/exhibits/the_exhibits/jab5.html |archive-date=2007-08-29 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Three members of [[NZR S class|New Zealand's S class]] were also sold to the [[Western Australian Government Railways]] in 1891.<ref name="mcgavin"/>

===New Zealand=== [[File:NZR R Class, Jervois Quay, Wellington, NZ.jpg|thumb|[[NZR R class]] Locomotive on Jervois Quay, Wellington]] New Zealand's [[NZR R class|R class]] and [[NZR S class|S class]] Single Fairlies were popular with crews and capable of all duties from express passenger trains to [[shunt (railway operations)|shunt]]ing tasks. The S class were limited to the [[Wellington Region]] when they were introduced, but the R class were distributed throughout the country. All were withdrawn by 1936, but R class no. 28 is preserved as a static exhibit in a [[Reefton, New Zealand|Reefton]] park.<ref name="mcgavin">T. A. McGavin, ''Steam Locomotives of New Zealand, Part One: 1863 to 1900'' (Wellington: [[New Zealand Railway & Locomotive Society]], 1987), 34-6.</ref>

===South Africa=== ====Netherlands-South African Railway Company==== This wheel arrangement provided the bulk of the motive power for the {{RailGauge|3ft6in|allk=on}} ''[[Netherlands-South African Railway Company|Nederlandsche-Zuid-Afrikaansche Spoorwegmaatschappij]]'' (NZASM) in the ''[[Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek]]'' (ZAR). Between 1893 and 1898, 175 [[South African Class B 0-6-4T|46 Tonner]] {{nowrap|0-6-4T}} steam locomotives were placed in service, built by the ''[[Maschinenfabrik Esslingen]]'' in Germany.<ref name="Paxton-Bourne">{{Paxton-Bourne|pages=10–11, 27–28}}</ref><ref name="Holland 1">{{Holland-Vol 1|pages=113–115}}</ref>

In 1899, twenty more were ordered from the [[Werkspoor|''Nederlandse Fabriek van Werktuigen en Spoorwegmaterieel'']] (Werkspoor) in the Netherlands, of which only two were delivered by the time the Imperial Military Railways (IMR) took over all railway operations in the ZAR during the [[Second Boer War]]. The other eighteen locomotives in this order were delivered directly to the IMR, who diverted two of them to Lourenço Marques in [[Mozambique]].<ref name="Holland 1"/><ref name="SA Rail">''SA Steam Overseas'', Compiled by John Middleton, SA Rail July–August 1987, p. 105</ref>

[[File:NZASM 46 Tonner 230 (0-6-4T) F.jpg|thumb|Preserved [[South African Class B 0-6-4T|NZASM 46 Tonner]] no. 230 ''Jan Wintervogel'']] At the end of the war, the survivors of these locomotives were taken onto the roster of the [[Central South African Railways]] (CSAR) and designated Class B, while the two in Mozambique were taken onto the roster of the ''[[Caminhos de Ferro de Mocambique]]'' (CFM). In 1912, the remaining CSAR locomotives were assimilated into the [[South African Railways]] (SAR).<ref name="Holland 1"/><ref name="Middleton 1989">Middleton, John N. (1989). ''South African Railways Locomotive Allocations - 1989'' (4th, 1989 ed.). Auckland Park, South Africa: Railway Preservation Group. p. 20. {{ISBN|0-620-13670-7}}</ref>

====Mozambique==== The CFM eventually had at least thirty 46 Tonner locomotives in service. Between 1897 and 1898, some 46 Tonners were sold by the NZASM to the CFM. The two locomotives which were delivered after the outbreak of the war and diverted to Lourenço Marques upon arrival, were also taken onto the CFM roster at the end of the war. Later, between 1911 and 1920 during the CSAR and SAR eras, six more were sold to the CFM.<ref name="SA Rail"/><ref name="Middleton 1989"/><ref name="CFM">CFM locomotive list, compiled by Reimar Holzinger</ref>

===United Kingdom=== [[File:Mersey Railway No. 5 Cecil Raikes.jpg|thumb|[[Mersey Railway]] condensing 0-6-4T No.5 ''Cecil Raikes'']] Other than examples for export, 0-6-4T locomotives enjoyed a brief vogue in the United Kingdom prior to the [[First World War]], but were not widely used. Nine locomotives of this type were supplied by [[Beyer, Peacock & Company]] for the opening of the [[Mersey Railway]] in 1886.

[[William Dean (engineer)|William Dean]] built three [[crane tank]]s in 1901, and [[Kitson & Company]] of [[Leeds]] supplied nine locomotives to the [[Lancashire, Derbyshire & East Coast Railway]] in 1904.

Other examples included the [[Midland Railway 2000 Class]] of 1907, the [[Highland Railway Drummond 0-6-4T Class]] of 1909, the [[SECR J class]] of 1913 and the [[Metropolitan Railway G Class]] of 1915. The type was eventually superseded by the popular [[2-6-4T]] locomotive.

===North America=== In the [[United States]], the 0-6-4 was largely used only on [[Mason Bogie]] locomotives. One 0-6-4T Mason Bogie locomotive, #3 Torch Lake, survives and works at Greenfield Village in Dearborn, Michigan. However, in [[Canada]], a pair of conventional 0-6-4T locomotives were built in 1912 as switchers by the [[Canadian Pacific Railway]], lasting until 1951.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.steamlocomotive.com/locobase.php?country=Canada&wheel=0-6-4&railroad=cpr | title=Canadian Pacific 0-6-4 Locomotives in Canada }}</ref>

==References== {{Reflist}}

==External links== {{commons category-inline}}

[[Category:0-6-4 locomotives| ]] [[Category:C2 locomotives| ]] [[Category:1875 introductions]]