{{italic title}} '''''ʿAmīd''''' (plural ''ʿumadā'', meaning "mainstay, support")<ref name=CEB>C. E. Bosworth (1962), "The Titulature of the Early Ghaznavids", ''Oriens'' '''15''': 210–233, esp. 228–229. {{JSTOR|1579847}}</ref> was an Arabic title used in Greater Iran under the rule of the Samanids, Buyids, Ghaznavids and Seljukids. It was reserved for a high rank of civilian (as opposed to military) official.<ref name=EI2>{{EI2|author=Claude Cahen|title=ʿamīd|page=434|volume=1}}</ref> It was the highest civilian title under the Ghaznavids.<ref name=CEB/> The office of ''ʿāmil'' (governor, tax collector) was usually filled from the ranks of ''ʿumadā''. Persons with the name Ibn al-ʿAmīd claimed descent from members of this class of officials.<ref name=EI2/>
The term ''ʿamīd'' was also used in compound titles. Under the Buyids, the forms ''ʿamīd al-dawla'', ''ʿamīd al-dīn'' and ''ʿamīd al-juyūsh'' are attested. Under the Ghaznavids, the ''ṣāḥib al-barīd'' (head of the postal service) held the title ''ʿamīd al-mulk''. This title was used as a ''laqab'' by the vizier al-Kundurī. The title ''ʿamīd'' declined in the 12th century and was not used after the fall of Baghdad to the Mongols in 1258.<ref name=EI2/>
==References== {{reflist}}
Category:Arabic words and phrases Category:Titles in Iran