# Zonitoides

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***Zonitoides*** is a [genus](/source/Genus) of air-breathing [land snails](/source/Land_snail), [terrestrial](/source/Terrestrial_molluscs) [gastropod](/source/Gastropod) [mollusks](/source/Mollusk) in the family [Gastrodontidae](/source/Gastrodontidae).[2]

## Distribution

The distribution of *Zonitoides* includes [North America](/source/North_America), [eastern](/source/East_Asia) and [northern Asia](/source/North_Asia), and [Europe](/source/Europe).[3] Also in Australia ([Queensland](/source/Queensland), [Victoria](/source/Victoria_(state)), [New South Wales](/source/New_South_Wales), [Lord Howe Island](/source/Lord_Howe_Island) and [Norfolk Island](/source/Norfolk_Island)).

## Species

Species within the genus *Zonitoides* include:

- *[Zonitoides apertus](/source/Zonitoides_apertus)* Pilsbry & Hirase, 1904
- † *[Zonitoides apneus](/source/Zonitoides_apneus)* (Bourguignat, 1881)
- *[Zonitoides arboreus](/source/Zonitoides_arboreus)* (Say, 1817)
- † *[Zonitoides cesseyensis](/source/Zonitoides_cesseyensis)* Schlickum, 1975
- † *[Zonitoides choukoutienensis](/source/Zonitoides_choukoutienensis)* (Ping, 1929)
- † *[Zonitoides cretaceus](/source/Zonitoides_cretaceus)* Yen, 1969
- *[Zonitoides elliotti](/source/Zonitoides_elliotti)* (Redfield, 1858)
- *[Zonitoides excavatus](/source/Zonitoides_excavatus)* (Alder, 1830)
- *[Zonitoides glomerulus](/source/Zonitoides_glomerulus)* (E. von Martens, 1892)
- *[Zonitoides hoffmanni](/source/Zonitoides_hoffmanni)* (Martens, 1892)[4]
- *[Zonitoides jaccetanicus](/source/Zonitoides_jaccetanicus)* (Bourguignat, 1870)
- *[Zonitoides kirbyi](/source/Zonitoides_kirbyi)* R. W. Fullington, 1974
- *[Zonitoides lateumbilicatus](/source/Zonitoides_lateumbilicatus)* (Pilsbry, 1895)
- *[Zonitoides limatulus](/source/Zonitoides_limatulus)* (A. Binney, 1840)
- *[Zonitoides multivolvis](/source/Zonitoides_multivolvis)* (Pilsbry, 1926)[4]
- *[Zonitoides nitidopsis](/source/Zonitoides_nitidopsis)* (Morelet, 1851)
- *[Zonitoides nitidus](/source/Zonitoides_nitidus)* (Müller, 1774) - [type species](/source/Type_species)
- *[Zonitoides notabilis](/source/Zonitoides_notabilis)* (Sykes, 1897)
- *[Zonitoides ostauri](/source/Zonitoides_ostauri)* Pilsbry, 1926
- *[Zonitoides patuloides](/source/Zonitoides_patuloides)* (Pilsbry, 1895)
- † *[Zonitoides pellati](/source/Zonitoides_pellati)* (Deshayes, 1863)
- † *[Zonitoides schaireri](/source/Zonitoides_schaireri)* Schlickum, 1978
- † *[Zonitoides sepultus](/source/Zonitoides_sepultus)* Ložek, 1964
- † *[Zonitoides silvanus](/source/Zonitoides_silvanus)* Wenz, 1924
- † *[Zonitoides subradiatulus](/source/Zonitoides_subradiatulus)* (Łomnicki, 1886)
- † *[Zonitoides suevicus](/source/Zonitoides_suevicus)* (Jooss, 1918)
- *[Zonitoides tehuantepecensis](/source/Zonitoides_tehuantepecensis)* (Crosse & P. Fischer, 1870)
- † *[Zonitoides wenzi](/source/Zonitoides_wenzi)* (Royo Gómez, 1928)

## Anatomy

Species in this genus of snails make and use [love darts](/source/Love_darts).

## References

1. Lehmann R. 1862. *Ueber eine neue Heliceen-Gattung*. Malakozoologische Blätter 9: 111-112.

1. MolluscaBase eds. (2023). MolluscaBase. Zonitoides Lehmann, 1862. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: [https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=818641](https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=818641) on 2023-12-03

1. ["Genus summary for *Zonitoides*"](http://www.animalbase.uni-goettingen.de/zooweb/servlet/AnimalBase/home/genus?id=165). AnimalBase, last modified 22 January 2009, accessed 3 September 2010.

1. Barrientos, Zaidett (2003). ["Lista de especies de moluscos terrestres (Archaeogastropoda, Mesogastropoda, Archaeopulmonata, Stylommatophora, Soleolifera) informadas para Costa Rica."](https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/26388/26575). *Revista de Biología Tropical*. **51**: 293–304.

- Lehmann, R. 1862. Ueber eine neve Heliceen-Gattung. Malakozoologische Blätter 9: 111-112
- Pilsbry, H.A. 1948. Land Mollusca of North America (North of Mexico). Academy of Natural Sciences Philadadelphia, Monograph 2(2): 521-1113
- Bishop, M.J. 1978. Zonitoides arboreus (Say) (Pulmonata : Zonitidae) introduced into Australia and the identity of Alienator Iredale. Journal of the Malacological Society of Australia 4: 7-8

## External links

- [Iredale, T. (1937). A basic list of the land Mollusca of Australia. The Australian Zoologist. 8(4): 287-333](https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/38709916)
- [Schileyko, A. A. & Rymzhanov, T. S. (2013). Fauna of land mollusks (Gastropoda, Pulmonata Terrestria) of Kazakhstan and adjacent territories. Moscow-Almaty: KMK Scientific Press. 389 pp](https://web.archive.org/web/20160326205253/http://ashipunov.info/shipunov/school/books/shilejko2013_fauna_nazemn_moll_kz.djvu)
- [Baker, H. B. (1930). Gender in generic names. The Nautilus. 43(4): 139-140.](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8515193)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Zonitoides](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zonitoides) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zonitoides?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.