# Zanthoxylum fagara

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{{Short description|Species of tree}}
{{See also|Citrus taxonomy#Wild lime}}
{{Speciesbox
|image = Zanthoxylum fagara (homeredwardprice) 001.jpg
|status = LC
|status_system = IUCN3.1
|status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 20 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI). |author2=IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group |date=2019 |title=''Zanthoxylum fagara'' |volume=2019 |article-number=e.T62988A150112088 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T62988A150112088.en |access-date=20 November 2021}}</ref>
|genus = Zanthoxylum
|species = fagara
|authority = ([L.](/source/Carl_Linnaeus)) [Sarg.](/source/Charles_Sprague_Sargent), 1890
|synonyms = ''Schinus fagara'' <small>L.</small><ref name="GRIN">{{GRIN | access-date=2009-11-27}}</ref>
}}

'''''Zanthoxylum fagara''''' or '''wild lime''', is a species of [flowering plant](/source/flowering_plant) that—despite its name—is not part of the genus ''[Citrus](/source/Citrus)'' with real [lime](/source/Lime_(fruit))s and other fruit, but is a close cousin in the larger citrus family, [Rutaceae](/source/Rutaceae). It is more closely related to [Sichuan pepper](/source/Sichuan_pepper). It is native to southern [Florida](/source/Florida) and [Texas](/source/Texas) in the United States, and to Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean, and South America as far south as Paraguay.<ref name="GRIN"/> Common names include: '''lime prickly-ash''', '''wild lime''', '''colima''', '''uña de gato''', and '''corriosa'''.<ref name="A&M">{{cite web |url=http://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/ornamentals/nativeshrubs/zanthoxylumfagar.htm |title=Colima, Lime Prickly Ash, Una de Gato, Corriosa |work=Benny Simpson's Texas Native Shrubs |publisher=Texas A&M University |access-date=2009-12-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231215234728/https://aggie-hort.tamu.edu/ornamentals/nativeshrubs/zanthoxylumfagar.htm|archive-date=2023-12-15}}</ref>

==Description==
''Zanthoxylum fagara'' is a spreading [shrub](/source/shrub) or small [tree](/source/tree) growing to {{convert|7|m|ft|abbr=on}} tall.  Its trunk is generally rough with gray bark and grows to about {{convert|0.25|m|ft|abbr=on}} in diameter.  The irregularly-shaped branches contain hooked spines with pinnate {{convert|5|cm|in|abbr=on|adj=on}} [leaves](/source/leaf).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://hort.ufl.edu/shrubs/ZANFAGA.PDF |title=Zanthoxylum fagara |work=Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences |publisher=University of Florida |date=October 1999}}</ref>  The leaves and bark can be crushed to make a bitter-tasting [condiment](/source/condiment), and much of the tree smells similar to citrus.<ref name="A&M"/> Lime prickly-ash has a high [drought](/source/drought) tolerance and grows best in full sun, but it can also survive as an [understory](/source/understory) shrub. It provides significant food and cover for native wildlife and the leaves host the [larvae](/source/caterpillar) of many [butterflies](/source/butterfly), such as the giant swallowtail (''[Papilio cresphontes](/source/Papilio_cresphontes)'').<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.regionalconservation.org/beta/nfyn/plantdetail.asp?tx=Zantfaga |title=Wild-lime, Lime prickly-ash |work=Natives for Your Neighborhood |publisher=Institute for Regional Conservation|access-date=November 24, 2014}}</ref>

==Uses==
The powdered bark and leaves have been used as a spice, with an odor similar to that of limes.<ref>{{cite book|last=Little|first=Elbert L.|title=The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Trees: Eastern Region|publisher=Knopf|location=New York|year=1980|isbn=0-394-50760-6|page=538}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{cite web |url=https://esp.cr.usgs.gov/data/atlas/little/zantfaga.pdf |title=''Zanthoxylum fagara'' |work=Digital Representations of Tree Species Range Maps from "Atlas of United States Trees" by Elbert L. Little, Jr. (and other publications) |publisher=United States Geological Survey |access-date=2009-11-27 |archive-date=2012-06-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120626075402/http://esp.cr.usgs.gov/data/atlas/little/zantfaga.pdf }}

{{citrus}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q2707743}}

fagara
Category:Plants described in 1890
Category:Trees of Northern America
Category:Trees of South America

{{Rutaceae-stub}}

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Zanthoxylum fagara](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zanthoxylum_fagara) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zanthoxylum_fagara?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.