# Zakroczym

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Place in Masovian Voivodeship, Poland

Zakroczym Church of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross Flag Coat of arms Zakroczym Coordinates: 52°26′16″N 20°36′43″E / 52.43778°N 20.61194°E / 52.43778; 20.61194 Country Poland Voivodeship Masovian County Nowy Dwór Gmina Zakroczym Established 11th century Town rights 1422 Government • Mayor Artur Ciecierski Area • Total 19.97 km2 (7.71 sq mi) Elevation 67 m (220 ft) Population (2006) • Total 3,367 • Density 168.6/km2 (436.7/sq mi) Time zone UTC+1 (CET) • Summer (DST) UTC+2 (CEST) Postal code 05-170 Area code +48 22 Car plates WND Primary airport Warsaw Modlin Airport Highways Website http://www.zakroczym.pl

**Zakroczym** ([\[zaˈkrɔt͡ʂɨm\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Polish); [Yiddish](/source/Yiddish_language): זאקראטשין *Zakrotshin*) is a town in the [Masovian Voivodeship](/source/Masovian_Voivodeship), [Poland](/source/Poland).[1] The [Vistula River](/source/Vistula_River) flows through the town. Zakroczym has a long and rich history: in the [Kingdom of Poland](/source/Crown_of_the_Kingdom_of_Poland) and the [Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth](/source/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth), it was the capital of an administrative unit ([ziemia](/source/Ziemia)), part of [Mazovian Voivodeship](/source/Mazovian_Voivodeship). Also, Zakroczym was a royal town of the [Crown of the Kingdom of Poland](/source/Crown_of_the_Kingdom_of_Poland).

## Name

The name of Zakroczym comes from ancient Polish word *zakrot*, which means river crossing. Originally, the town was located closer to the [Vistula](/source/Vistula) river, and was called Kroczym or Kroczyn. Due to numerous floods, Zakroczym was moved to a higher location.

## History

This section is in list format but may read better as prose. You can help by converting this section, if appropriate. Editing help is available. (February 2023)

- c. 1155 – first mention of the [gord](/source/Gord_(archaeology)) and settlement of Zakroczym, property of Benedictine Monastery from [Mogilno](/source/Mogilno),

- 8 June 1335 – [Mazovian](/source/Mazovia) dukes Siemowit II and Trojden I renew here truce with Grand Master of the [Teutonic Knights](/source/Teutonic_Knights), [Dietrich von Altenburg](/source/Dietrich_von_Altenburg),

- 1374 – Zakroczym becomes capital of a [land](/source/Ziemia), part of [Masovian Voivodeship](/source/Masovian_Voivodeship_(1526%E2%80%931795)), and remains so until 1795,

- 1422 – Duke of Mazovia [Janusz I of Warsaw](/source/Janusz_I_of_Warsaw) grant town charter to Zakroczym,

- 1656–1657 – Zakroczym is occupied by Swedish forces (see [Swedish invasion of Poland](/source/Deluge_(history))). The town is partially destroyed,

- 1709 – Zakroczym is burned by Swedish troops during the [Great Northern War](/source/Great_Northern_War),

- 1757 – construction of a monastery [Order of Friars Minor Capuchin](/source/Order_of_Friars_Minor_Capuchin) begins,

- 1793 – the town is seized by the Russians,

- 1795 – Zakroczym becomes part of the [Kingdom of Prussia](/source/Kingdom_of_Prussia) in the [Third Partition of Poland](/source/Third_Partition_of_Poland),

- 1806 – [French](/source/First_French_Empire) forces cross the Vistula near Zakroczym, before the [Battle of Pułtusk](/source/Battle_of_Pu%C5%82tusk),

- 1807 – Zakroczym becomes part of the Polish [Duchy of Warsaw](/source/Duchy_of_Warsaw),

- 1815 – Zakroczym becomes part of [Congress Poland](/source/Congress_Poland),

- 1831 – after Russian capture of Warsaw, meetings of Polish government and [Sejm](/source/Sejm) take place at the monastery,

- 1883–1888 – construction of Fort 1 Zakroczym, first ring of fortifications of the [Modlin Fortress](/source/Modlin_Fortress),

- 20 August 1915 – Russian garrison of the fortress capitulates to Germans,

- 1918 – Poland regains independence after [World War I](/source/World_War_I), Zakroczym restored to Poland,

- 10–28 September 1939 – [Battle of Modlin](/source/Battle_of_Modlin) between Poland and Germany during the German-Soviet [invasion of Poland](/source/Invasion_of_Poland), which started [World War II](/source/World_War_II),

- 28 September 1939 – [Massacre in Zakroczym](/source/Massacre_in_Zakroczym), [Wehrmacht](/source/Wehrmacht) soldiers kill around 600 [Polish](/source/Polish_people) civilians and [prisoners of war](/source/Prisoners_of_war) by firing squad,

- December 1939 – local Polish parish priest Antoni Więckowski deported by the Germans to the [Soldau concentration camp](/source/Soldau_concentration_camp) and murdered there,[2]

- January 1940 – 40 Poles from Zakroczym, including pre-way mayor Tadeusz Henzlich, murdered by the Germans in the [Palmiry massacre](/source/Palmiry_massacre),[3]

- November 1941 – Last remaining [Jews](/source/Jews) deported by the German Nazis to the [ghetto](/source/Jewish_ghettos_in_German-occupied_Poland) at [Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki](/source/Nowy_Dw%C3%B3r_Mazowiecki),

- 1944 – Germans create a transit camp for 30,000 residents of Warsaw, deported from the city after the [Warsaw Uprising](/source/Warsaw_Uprising),

- 1945 – end of [German occupation](/source/Occupation_of_Poland_(1939%E2%80%931945)) and [World War II](/source/World_War_II), as a result of which 78% of the town is destroyed.

## Sights

[Baroque](/source/Baroque_in_Poland) Saint Lawrence church

- [Gothic](/source/Gothic_architecture_in_Poland)-[Renaissance](/source/Renaissance_in_Poland) Church of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross (15th or 16th century), rebuilt after World War II in 1949. In its northern and southern walls there are Swedish cannonballs,

- [Baroque](/source/Baroque_in_Poland) Capuchin monastery and church of Saint Lawrence,

- a monument dedicated to insurgents of [1830](/source/November_Uprising) and [1863](/source/January_Uprising), and to victims of the war,

- castle hill, with a 19th-century manor house, built on 15th-century foundations. Original manor house was built before 1422 by Mazovian dukes,

- traces of an 11th-century [gord](/source/Gord_(archaeology)), located northeast of town, on a high bank of the Vistula. The gord, first mentioned in 1065, was burned in late 13th century, and later rebuilt.

- Fort Nr. 1 Zakroczym (1883–1888).

## Transport

The [Expressway S7](/source/Expressway_S7_(Poland)) and [National road](/source/National_roads_in_Poland) 62 run to the north of the town, and the [Warsaw Modlin Airport](/source/Warsaw_Modlin_Airport) is located just east of the town.

## Cuisine

The Zakroczym area is one of the places of [cherry](/source/Cherry) cultivation in Poland, which is one of the [world's main cherry producers](/source/List_of_countries_by_cherry_production). Cherry products such as *podchmielone wisienki zakroczymskie* (cherries covered with [syrup](/source/Syrup) and spirit) and *konfitura wiśniowa zakroczymska* (a local type of traditional Polish cherry [jam](/source/Jam)) are officially protected [traditional foods](/source/Traditional_food) of Zakroczym, as designated by the [Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Poland](/source/Ministry_of_Agriculture_and_Rural_Development_(Poland)).[4][5]

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-TERYT_1-0)** ["Główny Urząd Statystyczny"](https://eteryt.stat.gov.pl/eTeryt/rejestr_teryt/udostepnianie_danych/baza_teryt/uzytkownicy_indywidualni/wyszukiwanie/wyszukiwanie.aspx?contrast=default) [Central Statistical Office] (in Polish). To search: Select "Miejscowości (SIMC)" tab, select "fragment (min. 3 znaki)" (*minimum 3 characters*), enter town name in the field below, click "WYSZUKAJ" (*Search*).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** Wardzyńska, Maria (2009). *Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion* (in Polish). Warszawa: [IPN](/source/Institute_of_National_Remembrance). p. 228.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** Wardzyńska, p. 244

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** ["Podchmielone wisienki zakroczymskie"](https://www.gov.pl/web/rolnictwo/podchmielone-wisienki-zakroczymskie). *Ministerstwo Rolnictwa i Rozwoju Wsi - Portal Gov.pl* (in Polish). Retrieved 3 July 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** ["Konfitura wiśniowa zakroczymska"](https://www.gov.pl/web/rolnictwo/konfitura-wisniowa-zakroczymska). *Ministerstwo Rolnictwa i Rozwoju Wsi - Portal Gov.pl* (in Polish). Retrieved 3 July 2021.

## External links

- [Jewish Community in Zakroczym](http://www.sztetl.org.pl/en/city/zakroczym/) on Virtual Shtetl

v t e Gmina Zakroczym Town and seat Zakroczym Villages Błogosławie Czarna Emolinek Henrysin Janowo Mochty-Smok Smoły Smoszewo Śniadowo Strubiny Swobodnia Trębki Stare Wojszczyce Wólka Smoszewska Wygoda Smoszewska Zaręby

Authority control databases International VIAF National United States Czech Republic Israel Other Yale LUX

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Zakroczym](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zakroczym) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zakroczym?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.