# Zain Hashim

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{{short description|8th Chief of the Malaysian Army (1981–1984)}}
{{Malay name|Zain|Hashim|note=on}}
{{Copy edit|date=April 2026}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2026}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific_prefix   = [Yang Berbahagia](/source/Malay_styles_and_titles) [General](/source/Malaysian_military_ranks) [(Rtd)](/source/Mandatory_retirement) [Tan Sri](/source/Malay_styles_and_titles)
| name               = Zain Hashim
| native_name        = {{Script/Arabic|زين هاشم}}
| honorific_suffix   = {{post-nominals|country=MYS|size=100%|PGAT|PSM|SPMJ|SPSK|SIMP|PNBS|DCSM|DPMS|DSAP|DSMT|PGDK|JSM|SMJ|SMT|PPB|PJK (Negeri Sembilan)|PKB|PPA|PPM|PNBB}} {{post-nominals|country=MYS|size=100%|PJM|PM}}
| image              = Tan Sri Zain Hashim.jpg
| caption            = Zain's portrait, {{circa|1980s}}
| order              = 8th
| office             = Chief of Army (Malaysia){{!}}Chief of Army
| term_start         = 20 January 1981
| term_end           = 16 January 1984
| monarch            = [Ahmad Shah](/source/Ahmad_Shah_of_Pahang)
| prime_minister      = {{unbulleted list
  |[Hussein Onn](/source/Hussein_Onn)<br>{{small|(1981)}}
  |[Mahathir Mohamad](/source/Mahathir_Mohamad)<br>{{small|(1981{{ndash}}1984)}}
  }}

| 1blankname         = [Minister of Defence](/source/Minister_of_Defence_(Malaysia))
| 1namedata          = {{unbulleted list
  |Hussein Onn<br>{{small|(1981)}}
  |Mahathir Mohamad<br>{{small|(1981{{ndash}}1984)}}
  }}
| deputy             = 
| predecessor        = [Mohd Ghazali Mohd Seth](/source/Mohd_Ghazali_Mohd_Seth)
| successor          = [Mohd Ghazali Che Mat](/source/Mohd_Ghazali_Che_Mat)
| birth_name      = Zain Abdul Rashid bin Mahmud Hashim
| birth_date      = {{Birth date|1930|8|1|df=yes}}
| birth_place     = [Hampstead](/source/Hampstead), [London](/source/London), [England](/source/England)
| death_date      = {{Death date and age|2011|6|30|1930|8|1|df=yes}}
| death_place     = Selayang Hospital, [Selangor](/source/Selangor), [Malaysia](/source/Malaysia)
| death_cause     = 
| resting_place   = 
| resting_place_coordinates = 
| citizenship     =  
| height          =  
| spouse          = {{unbulleted list
  |{{marriage|Che Zaharah Alias|1961|1995|end=div.}}
  |{{marriage|Salifah Mohd Esa|1995}}
  }}
| partner         =  <!--For those with a domestic partner and not married-->
| relations       = 
| children        = 3
| parents         =  <!-- overrides mother and father parameters -->
| mother          =  <!-- may be used (optionally with father parameter) in place of parents parameter (displays "Parent(s)" as label) -->
| father          =   
| relatives       = 
| education       = 
| alma_mater      = 
| occupation      = 
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| signature       = 
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| website         = 
<!--Military service-->
 | nickname        = 
 | allegiance      = {{unbulleted list
  |{{flagd|UK}} [British Malaya](/source/British_Malaya)
  |{{MAS}}
  }}
 | branch          = {{unbulleted list
  |{{flagd|UK}} [British Colonial Auxiliary Forces](/source/British_Colonial_Auxiliary_Forces)
  |{{Army|MAS}}
  }}
 | service_years    = 1949{{ndash}}1984
 | rank                = 30px [General](/source/Malaysian_military_ranks)
 | unit                = {{unbulleted list
  |[Malay Regiment](/source/Malay_Regiment)
  |[Royal Armoured Corps](/source/Royal_Armoured_Corps_(Malaysia))
  }}
 | commands        = 
 | battles         = {{unbulleted list
 |[Malayan Emergency](/source/Malayan_Emergency)
 |[Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation](/source/Indonesia%E2%80%93Malaysia_confrontation)
 |[Second Malayan Emergency](/source/Second_Malayan_Emergency)
 }} 
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}}

'''Zain bin Hashim'''{{Notetag|{{Blist|{{langx|ms-Arab|{{Script/Arabic|زين بن هاشم}}|label=[Jawi](/source/Jawi_alphabet)}}|In some newsletters, he known as '''Zain bin Mahmud Hashim''' or '''Zain Abdul Rashid bin Mahmud Hashim'''}}}} (1 August 1930 – 30 June 2011), was a Malaysian military officer who served as the 8th chief of the [Malaysian Army](/source/Malaysian_Army) from January 1981 to January 1984.<ref name="SenaraiPTD">{{cite web|url=https://army.mil.my/index.php/mengenai-kami/profile/senarai-ptd|title=Senarai Panglima Tentera Darat|work=Official Website of the [Malaysian Army](/source/Malaysian_Army)|language=ms|access-date=29 July 2025}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Zain was born on 1 August 1930 in [Hampstead](/source/Hampstead), [London](/source/London) and moved to [Kelantan](/source/Kelantan) when he was one year old.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/freepress19500930-1.2.6|title=Sgt. Zain goes back|work=[Singapore Free Press](/source/Singapore_Free_Press)|date=30 September 1950|pages=1}}</ref> He attended secondary education at [Ismail English School](/source/Sultan_Ismail_College), [Kota Bharu](/source/Kota_Bharu) and graduated in 1948.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/page/straitstimes19480510-1.1.9|title=The Cambridge Exam. Results–2|work=[The Straits Times](/source/The_Straits_Times)|date=10 May 1948|pages=9}}</ref>

During his military career, Zain attended various courses at multiple institutions, such as  [Staff College, Camberley](/source/Staff_College%2C_Camberley) in 1958, the [Imperial Defence College](/source/Imperial_Defence_College), [London](/source/London) in 1971, and at [Harvard Business School](/source/Harvard_Business_School) in 1984.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/singstandard19580704-1.2.101|url-access=limited|title=For Training In England|work=[Singapore Standard](/source/Singapore_Tiger_Standard)|date=4 July 1958|pages=7}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/singherald19710108-1.2.44|url-access=limited|title=MILITARY COURSE|work=[Singapore Herald](/source/Singapore_Herald)|date=8 January 1971|pages=6}}</ref><ref name="Retire"/>

== Military career ==
=== Early military career ===
Zain joined the military in 1949 as a recruit for [Malay Regiment](/source/Malay_Regiment) before he selected to undergo the Officer Cadet Course for two years at [Royal Military College, Sandhurst](/source/Royal_Military_College%2C_Sandhurst) in 1950.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/maltribune19501002-1.2.77|title=Nine Malays For Sandhurst|work=[Malaya Tribune](/source/Malaya_Tribune)|date=2 October 1950|pages=5}}</ref> After he completed the course, he was commissioned to [second lieutenant](/source/second_lieutenant) and posted as company officer at the [Federation Armoured Car Regiment](/source/Royal_Armoured_Corps_(Malaysia)).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/singstandard19520902-1.2.65|title=Untitled|work=[Singapore Standard](/source/Singapore_Tiger_Standard)|date=2 September 1952|pages=3}}</ref> 

When he completed his course at [Staff College, Camberley](/source/Staff_College%2C_Camberley) in 1960, he posted as [brigade major](/source/brigade_major) of 3rd Infantry Brigade.<ref name=":1963" /> During the time in which he held that post, he served with his brigade under the [Malayan Special Forces](/source/MALBATT) for [United Nations Operation in the Congo](/source/United_Nations_Operation_in_the_Congo) (UNOC).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/straitstimes19601109-1.2.97|title=Malayan CO. meets U.N. officer|work=[The Straits Times](/source/The_Straits_Times)|date=9 November 1960|pages=10}}</ref>

When his assignment was completed in 1961, he posted as commanding officer of the 2nd Battalion, [Federation Reconnaissance Corps](/source/Royal_Armoured_Corps_(Malaysia)) and was promoted to [lieutenant colonel](/source/lieutenant_colonel). He held that position until 1963, when he was transferred at the [Ministry of Defence](/source/Ministry_of_Defence_(Malaysia)) to serve as a Principal Staff Officer in the Personnel Division.<ref name=":1963">{{cite news|url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/straitstimes19630703-1.2.89|title=A new staff officer at Ministry of Defence|work=[The Straits Times](/source/The_Straits_Times)|date=3 July 1963|pages=10}}</ref> 

In early August 1967, he was promoted to [colonel](/source/colonel) and appointed commander of the [Kuala Lumpur Garrison](/source/Kuala_Lumpur_Garrison).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/easternsun19670805-1.2.10.25|url-access=limited|title=Commander of K.L. Garrison|work=[Eastern Sun](/source/Eastern_Sun)|date=5 August 1967|pages=12}}</ref>

=== Rise to flag rank ===
In October 1968, he was promoted to [brigadier general](/source/brigadier_general) and appointed as chief of personnel staff at the Ministry of Defence.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/beritaharian19681012-1.2.10|title=DUA LAGI NAIK PANGKAT BRIG. GENERAL|language=ms|work=[Berita Harian](/source/Berita_Harian)|date=12 October 1968|pages=2}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/beritaharian19681027-1.2.90|title=Pegawai bertukar di-hormati mengikut tradisi tentera|language=ms|work=[Berita Harian](/source/Berita_Harian)|date=27 October 1968|pages=12}}</ref> He held the position until he was transferred and appointed the commander of the 3rd Infantry Brigade in [Kuching](/source/Kuching) a year later.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/beritaharian19691023-1.2.19|url-access=limited|title=Ketua baharu Briged Ke-3|language=ms|work=[Berita Harian](/source/Berita_Harian)|date=23 October 1969|pages=15}}</ref> 

After completing a course at the [Imperial Defence College](/source/Imperial_Defence_College), [London](/source/London), he was appointed as commander of the 7th Infantry Brigade in late 1972.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B90qAAAAIBAJ&dq=Gen+Zain+hashim&pg=PA3&article_id=1818,4626703|title=Promotion for top brass in shake-up|work=[New Straits Times](/source/New_Straits_Times)|date=7 December 1972|pages=5}}</ref> 

In early 1977, he was appointed as Chief of Logistic Staff before he was transferred as Deputy Chief of Army in the following year.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/beritaharian19770101-1.2.27.5|title=M'sia umumkan naik pangkat tiga pegawai kanan tentera|language=ms|work=[Berita Harian](/source/Berita_Harian)|date=1 January 1977|pages=3}}</ref> 

He was promoted to [lieutenant general](/source/lieutenant_general) in early October 1980.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IeNLAAAAIBAJ&dq=zain+mahmud+hashim&pg=PA1&article_id=5642,111221|title=Army chief made full General|work=[New Straits Times](/source/New_Straits_Times)|date=1 November 1980|pages=1}}</ref>

=== Chief of Army ===
Zain was appointed as the 8th Chief of Army on 20 January 1981, following his predecessor, [Mohd Ghazali Mohd Seth](/source/Mohd_Ghazali_Mohd_Seth), the 7th Chief of Defense Forces.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/straitstimes19810106-1.2.113.3.2|url-access=limited|title=Gen Sany's successor?|work=[The Straits Times](/source/The_Straits_Times)|date=6 January 1981|pages=28}}</ref> He held the post until 16 January 1984, when he was succeeded by [Mohd Ghazali Che Mat](/source/Mohd_Ghazali_Che_Mat).<ref name="Retire">{{cite news|url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/straitstimes19840108-1.2.17.11|url-access=limited|title=Red strength in jungles 'greatly reduced'|work=[The Straits Times](/source/The_Straits_Times)|date=8 January 1984|pages=7}}</ref>

== Personal life ==
=== Family ===
Zain was married Che Zaharah binti Alias in 1961 and had one daughter and one son with her.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/straitstimes19611128-1.2.58|title=Another Congo veteran weds|work=[The Straits Times](/source/The_Straits_Times)|date=28 November 1961|pages=8}}</ref> Zain and Zaharah officially divorced in 1995. That same year, he married Salifah binti Mohd Esa, and later had one son with her.<ref>{{cite book|author=Mukhtar Abdullah|year=2019|title=Muta'ah Bukanlah Suatu Tuntutan Balas Dendam|language=ms|url=https://www.malaysianbar.org.my/cms/upload_files/document/PRAXISJanMar2019.pdf|publisher=Malaysian Bar Council|pages=12–20|access-date=3 March 2026}}</ref>

=== Death ===
Zain was pronounced dead at 3:50 PM on 30 June 2011 at Selayang Hospital, [Selangor](/source/Selangor), with the cause of death being old age. That night, he was buried at Section 9 Muslim Cemetery, [Kota Damansara](/source/Kota_Damansara).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://m.malaysiakini.com/news/168551|title=Bekas PTD Tan Sri Zain Hashim meninggal dunia|language=ms|publisher=[MalaysiaKini](/source/MalaysiaKini)|date=1 July 2011|access-date=5 March 2026}}</ref>

== Honours ==
=== Honours of Malaysia ===
* {{Flag|Malaysia}}
** 50px Commander of the [Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia](/source/Order_of_Loyalty_to_the_Crown_of_Malaysia) (PSM) – '''Tan Sri''' (1981)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.istiadat.gov.my/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/1981.pdf|title=Senarai Penerima Darjah Kebesaran, Bintang dan Pingat Persekutuan Tahun 1981|website=www.istiadat.gov.my}}</ref>
** 50px Companion of the [Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia](/source/Order_of_Loyalty_to_the_Crown_of_Malaysia) (JSM) (1969)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.istiadat.gov.my/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/1969.pdf|title=Senarai Penerima Darjah Kebesaran, Bintang dan Pingat Persekutuan Tahun 1969|website=www.istiadat.gov.my}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/beritaharian19690831-1.2.8|title=4 'Tan Sri' antara 350 yg terima penghormatan|language=ms|work=[Berita Harian](/source/Berita_Harian)|date=31 August 1969|pages=1}}</ref>
** 50px Recipient of the [Active Service Medal](/source/Orders%2C_decorations%2C_and_medals_of_Malaysia) (PKB)
** 50px Recipient of the [General Service Medal](/source/General_Service_Medal_(Malaysia)) (PPA)
** 50px Recipient of the [Malaysian Commemorative Medal (Silver)](/source/Orders%2C_decorations%2C_and_medals_of_Malaysia) (PPM (P))
** 50px Recipient of the [United Nations Missions Service Medal](/source/Orders%2C_decorations%2C_and_medals_of_Malaysia) (PNBB) with "CONGO" [clasp](/source/Medal_bar) (1995)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cLlOAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA4&dq=Aboo+samah+aboo+bakar&article_id=5670,3445976|title=Peacekeeping military officers receive medals|work=[New Straits Times](/source/New_Straits_Times)|date=9 June 1995|pages=7}}</ref>
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Malaysian Armed Forces.svg}} [Malaysian Armed Forces](/source/Malaysian_Armed_Forces)
** 50px Courageous Commander of the [Most Gallant Order of Military Service](/source/Orders%2C_decorations%2C_and_medals_of_Malaysia) (PGAT) (1983)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hq9UAAAAIBAJ&dq=panglima+gagah+angkatan+tentera&pg=PA1&article_id=4044,2462988|title=King Receives Highest Forces Award|work=[New Straits Times](/source/New_Straits_Times)|date=13 September 1983|pages=1}}</ref>
** 50px Recipient of the [Malaysian Service Medal](/source/Malaysian_Service_Medal) (PJM)
* {{Flag|Johor}}
** 50px Knight Grand Commander of the [Order of the Crown of Johor](/source/Order_of_the_Crown_of_Johor) (SPMJ) – '''Dato''''
** 50px Companion of the [Order of the Crown of Johor](/source/Order_of_the_Crown_of_Johor) (SMJ) (1972)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CN0qAAAAIBAJ&dq=Gen+zain+hashim&pg=PA6&article_id=2372,2030305|title=Ministers head Sultan's awards list|work=[New Straits Times](/source/New_Straits_Times)|date=16 November 1972|pages=11}}</ref>
* {{Flag|Kelantan}}
** 50px Knight Grand Commander of the [Order of the Loyalty to the Crown of Kelantan](/source/Orders%2C_decorations%2C_and_medals_of_Kelantan) (SPSK) – '''Dato'''' (1981)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zQdfAAAAIBAJ&dq=Zain+hashim&pg=PA3&article_id=7104,6459551|title=Sultan: Be on guard against anti-nationals|work=[New Straits Times](/source/New_Straits_Times)|date=31 March 1981|pages=5}}</ref>
** 50px Recipient of Sultan Ismail Petra Coronation Medal
* {{flag|Malacca}}
** 50px Knight Commander of the [Exalted Order of Malacca](/source/Exalted_Order_of_Malacca) (DCSM) – '''Datuk Wira''' (1983)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LK5UAAAAIBAJ&dq=Jen+zain+hashim&pg=PA2&article_id=6512,1553630|title=Melaka Yang di-Pertua Negeri honours 130: Hon Nyan and Adib get second highest award|work=[New Straits Times](/source/New_Straits_Times)|date=8 June 1983|pages=3}}</ref>
* {{Flag|Negeri Sembilan}}
** 50px Recipient of the [Meritorious Service Medal](/source/List_of_post-nominal_letters_(Negeri_Sembilan)) (PJK)
* {{flag|Pahang}}
** 50px Knight Grand Companion of the [Order of the Crown of Pahang](/source/Order_of_the_Crown_of_Pahang) (SIMP) – formerly '''Dato'''', now '''Dato' Indera'''
** 50px Knight Companion of the [Order of Sultan Ahmad Shah of Pahang](/source/Order_of_Sultan_Ahmad_Shah_of_Pahang) (DSAP) – '''Dato''''
** 50px Recipient of the Sultan Ahmad Shah Installation Medal
* {{Flag|Sabah|1963}}
** 50px Commander of the [Order of Kinabalu](/source/Order_of_Kinabalu) (PGDK) – '''Datuk'''
* {{Flag|Sarawak|1973}}
** 50px Knight Commander of the [Most Exalted Order of the Star of Sarawak](/source/Most_Exalted_Order_of_the_Star_of_Sarawak) (PNBS) – formerly '''Dato'''', now '''Dato Sri'''
** 50px Recipient of the [Meritorious Service Medal](/source/List_of_post-nominal_letters_(Sarawak)) (PPB)
* {{Flag|Selangor}}
** 50px Knight Commander of the [Order of the Crown of Selangor](/source/Order_of_the_Crown_of_Selangor) (DPMS) – '''Dato'''' (1982)<ref>{{cite web|title=DPMS 1982|url=https://awards.selangor.gov.my/penerima/warta/maklumat-penerima/1982d.p.m.s.zainhashim|website=awards.selangor.gov.my|access-date=16 January 2026}}</ref>
* {{Flag|Terengganu}}
** 50px Knight Companion of the [Order of Sultan Mahmud I of Terengganu](/source/Order_of_Sultan_Mahmud_I_of_Terengganu) (DSMT) – '''Dato'''' (1982)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://lib.perdana.org.my/PLF/Digital_Content/NA/Newspaper/0034/0034/NewStraitsTimes%5B29Apr1982%5BJohoreRulerHeadsHonoursList.pdf|title=Johor Ruler heads honours list|work=[New Straits Times](/source/New_Straits_Times)|date=29 April 1982|pages=5}}</ref>
** 50px Companion of the [Order of the Crown of Terengganu](/source/Order_of_the_Crown_of_Terengganu) (SMT) (1965)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/beritaharian19650626-1.2.15|title=Menteri Muda terima anugerah di-raja bergelar Dato|language=ms|work=[Berita Harian](/source/Berita_Harian)|date=26 June 1965|pages=2}}</ref>
** 50px Recipient of the Sultan Ismail Nasiruddin Shah Silver Jubilee Medal
** 50px Recipient of the Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah Coronation Medal

=== Foreign honours ===
* {{Flag|Thailand}}
** 50px Knight Grand Cross of the [Order of the Crown of Thailand](/source/Order_of_the_Crown_of_Thailand) (PM) (1983)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AAROAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA5&dq=Jen+zain+hashim&article_id=3528,1542727|title=Army chief receives Thai award|work=[New Straits Times](/source/New_Straits_Times)|date=8 April 1983|pages=7}}</ref>
* {{Flag|United Kingdom}}
** 50px Recipient of the [General Service Medal](/source/General_Service_Medal_(1918)) with "MALAYA" clasp
** 50px Recipient of the [Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal](/source/Queen_Elizabeth_II_Coronation_Medal)
* {{Flag|United Nations}}
** 50px Recipient of the [ONUC](/source/ONUC) Medal

== Notes ==
{{NoteFoot}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Portal bar|Malaysia|Biography}}

Category:1930 births
Category:2011 deaths
Category:People from Kelantan
Category:Malaysian people of Malay descent
Category:Malaysian Muslims
Category:Malaysian Army personnel
Category:20th-century Malaysian people
Category:Commanders of the Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia
Category:Knights Grand Commander of the Order of the Crown of Johor
Category:Knights Commander of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of Sarawak
Category:Knights Commander of the Order of the Crown of Selangor
Category:Commanders of the Order of Kinabalu
Category:Companions of the Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia
Category:Companions of the Order of the Crown of Johor
Category:People from Hampstead

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Zain Hashim](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zain_Hashim) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zain_Hashim?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.