# Z/VM

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Main article: [VM (operating system)](/source/VM_(operating_system))

**z/VM** is the current version in IBM's [VM family](/source/VM_(operating_system)) of [virtual machine](/source/Virtual_machine) [operating systems](/source/Operating_systems). First released in October 2000,[2] z/VM remains in active use and development As of 2024.[3] It is directly based on technology and concepts dating back to the 1960s, particularly IBM's [CP/CMS](/source/CP/CMS) on the [IBM System/360-67](/source/IBM_System/360-67) (see article [History of CP/CMS](/source/History_of_CP/CMS) for historical details). z/VM runs on IBM's [IBM Z](/source/IBM_Z) family of computers and can support large numbers (thousands) of Linux virtual machines. (See [Linux on IBM Z](/source/Linux_on_IBM_Z).)

On 16 September 2022, IBM released z/VM Version 7.3 which requires [z/Architecture](/source/Z/Architecture), implemented in IBM's [EC12](/source/IBM_zEnterprise_System#zEnterprise_EC12), [BC12](/source/IBM_zEnterprise_System#zEnterprise_BC12) and later models.[4]

## See also

- [OpenSolaris for System z](/source/OpenSolaris_for_System_z)
- [PR/SM](/source/PR/SM)
- [Time-sharing system evolution](/source/Time-sharing_system_evolution)
- [z/OS](/source/Z/OS)
- [z/TPF](/source/Z/TPF)
- [z/VSE](/source/Z/VSE)

## References

### Citations

1. ["Introducing IBM z/VM 7.4"](https://www.vm.ibm.com/zvm740/). 6 August 2024.

1. ["IBM: VM 50th Anniversary"](https://www.vm.ibm.com/history/50th/index.html). 2 August 2022.

1. [*z/VM 7.4, General Information*](https://www.vm.ibm.com/library/740pdfs/74628600.pdf). IBM. 2024.

1. ["Announcement"](https://www.vm.ibm.com/zvm730/announce.html). 13 September 2022.

**Primary CP/CMS sources**

- R. J. Creasy, "[The origin of the VM/370 time-sharing system](http://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~stjones/proj/vm_reading/ibmrd2505M.pdf)", *IBM Journal of Research & Development*, Vol. 25, No. 5 (September 1981), *pp.* 483–90, [PDF](/source/PDF) ― perspective on [CP/CMS](/source/CP/CMS) and [VM](/source/VM_(operating_system)) history by the [CP-40](/source/IBM_CP-40) project lead, also a [CTSS](/source/Compatible_Time-Sharing_System) author
- E.W. Pugh, L.R. Johnson, and John H. Palmer, *IBM's 360 and early 370 systems,* MIT Press, Cambridge MA and London, ISBN 0-262-16123-0 ― extensive (819 *pp.*) treatment of IBM's offerings during this period; the limited coverage of [CP/CMS](/source/CP/CMS) in such a definitive work is telling
- Melinda Varian, *[VM and the VM community, past present, and future](http://www.leeandmelindavarian.com/Melinda/25paper.pdf)*, SHARE 89 Sessions 9059–61, 1997; ― an outstanding source for [CP/CMS](/source/CP/CMS) and [VM](/source/VM_(operating_system)) history
- Bitsavers, *[Index of /pdf/ibm/360/cp67](http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/360/cp67/)*

**Additional CP/CMS sources**

- R. J. Adair, R. U. Bayles, L. W. Comeau and R. J. Creasy, *A Virtual Machine System for the 360/40,* IBM Corporation, Cambridge Scientific Center Report No. 320‐2007 (May 1966) ― a seminal paper describing implementation of the virtual machine concept, with descriptions of the customized CSC S/360-40 and the [CP-40](/source/IBM_CP-40) design
- International Business Machines Corporation, *CP-67/CMS*, Program 360D-05.2.005, IBM Program Information Department (June 1969) ― IBM's reference manual
- R. A. Meyer and L. H. Seawright, "A virtual machine time-sharing system," *IBM Systems Journal,* Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 199–218 (September 1970) ― describes the CP-67/CMS system, outlining features and applications
- R. P. Parmelee, T. I. Peterson, C. C. Tillman, and D. J. Hatfield, "Virtual storage and virtual machine concepts," *IBM Systems Journal,* Vol. 11, No. 2 (June 1972)

**Background CP/CMS sources**

- F. J. Corbató, et al., *The Compatible Time-Sharing System, A Programmer’s Guide,* M.I.T. Press, 1963
- F. J. Corbató, M. Merwin-Daggett, and R. C. Daley, "An Experimental Time-sharing System," *Proc. Spring Joint Computer Conference (AFIPS) 21, pp.* 335–44 (1962) — description of CTSS
- F. J. Corbató and V. A. Vyssotsky, "Introduction and Overview of the MULTICS System", *Proc. Fall Joint Computer Conference (AFIPS) 27, pp.* 185–96 (1965)
- P. J. Denning, "Virtual Memory", *Computing Surveys* Vol. 2, *pp.* 153–89 (1970)
- J. B. Dennis, "Segmentation and the Design of Multi-Programmed Computer Systems," *JACM* Vol. 12, *pp.* 589–602 (1965) ― virtual memory requirements for Project MAC, destined for [GE 645](/source/GE_645)
- C. A. R. Hoare and R. H. Perrott, Eds., *Operating Systems Techniques*, Academic Press, Inc., New York (1972)
- T. Kilburn, D. B. G. Edwards, M. J. Lanigan, and F. H. Sumner, "One-Level Storage System", *IRE Trans. Electron. Computers EC-11, pp.* 223–35 (1962) ― Manchester/Ferranti [Atlas](/source/Atlas_Computer_(Manchester))
- R. A. Nelson, "Mapping Devices and the M44 Data Processing System," *Research Report RC 1303*, IBM [Thomas J. Watson Research Center](/source/Thomas_J._Watson_Research_Center) (1964) ― about the [IBM M44/44X](/source/IBM_M44/44X)
- R. P. Parmelee, T. I. Peterson, C. C. Tillman, and D. J. Hatfield, "Virtual Storage and Virtual Machine Concepts", *IBM Systems Journal*, Vol. 11, *pp.* 99–130 (1972)

**Additional on-line CP/CMS resources**

- febcm.club.fr — *[Information Technology Timeline](http://febcm.club.fr/english/information_technology/information_technology_3.htm) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20061007194650/http://febcm.club.fr/english/information_technology/information_technology_3.htm) 7 October 2006 at the Wayback Machine, 1964–74*
- www.multicians.org — Tom Van Vleck's short essay *[The IBM 360/67 and CP/CMS](http://www.multicians.org/thvv/360-67.html)*
- www.cap-lore.com — Norman Hardy's *[Short history of IBM's virtual machines](http://cap-lore.com/Software/CP.html)*
- www.cap-lore.com — Norman Hardy's [short description of the "Blaauw Box"](http://www.cap-lore.com/Hardware/Blaauw.html)

## External links

- [Official website](https://www.ibm.com/products/zvm)
- [IBM z/VM Evaluation Edition](http://www.vm.ibm.com/eval/) (free download)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Z/VM](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%2FVM) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%2FVM?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.