# Yeni-Kale > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Yeni-Kale > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Yeni-Kale.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yeni-Kale > Source revision: 1327500733 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) Yeni-Kale Yenikale Crimea Yeni-Kale's tower Site information Open to the public yes Condition ruins Location Yeni-Kale Location on Europe map Coordinates 45°20′57″N 36°36′17″E / 45.34917°N 36.60472°E / 45.34917; 36.60472 Site history Built 1706 (1706) Built by Goloppo Materials Stone Historic site Immovable Monument of National Significance of Ukraine Official name Фортеця Ені-Кале (Yeni-Kale fortress) Type Architecture Reference no. 010051 **Yeni-Kale** ([Ukrainian](/source/Ukrainian_language): Єні-Кале; [Russian](/source/Russian_language): Еникале; [Turkish](/source/Turkish_language): *Yenikale*; [Crimean Tatar](/source/Crimean_Tatar_language): *Yeñi Qale*, also spelled as *Yenikale* and *Eni-Kale* and *Yeni-Kaleh* or *Yéni-Kaleb*) is a [fortress](/source/Fortress) located on the shore of [Kerch Strait](/source/Kerch_Strait) in the city of [Kerch](/source/Kerch). ## History In the ancient period in this area was the ancient Greek town of [Myrmekion](/source/Myrmekion) and many ancient remains have been found.[1][2] Yeni-Kale was built by [Ottoman Turks](/source/Ottoman_Turks) in 1699–1706 on the [Kerch peninsula](/source/Kerch_peninsula) that belonged to the [Crimean Khanate](/source/Crimean_Khanate). The name *Yenikale* means *New Castle* in [Turkish](/source/Turkish_language) (*yeni* - new, *kale* - castle). The fortress was built under the guidance of [Goloppo](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Goloppo&action=edit&redlink=1), who was an [Italian](/source/Italian_people) convert to [Islam](/source/Islam). Several [French](/source/France) engineers also took part in the construction.[3] Yeni-Kale was armed with powerful [cannons](/source/Cannon) and took an important strategical place on the coast of [Kerch Strait](/source/Kerch_Strait). The fortress occupied area of 25,000 m2 and had two powder-magazines, arsenal, water reservoir, living houses, [bath-house](/source/Public_bathing) and [mosque](/source/Mosque). About 800 Turkish and 300 [Crimean Tatar](/source/Crimean_Tatars) soldiers were garrisoned in Yeni-Kale. The weak spot of the fortress was a lack of [drinking water](/source/Drinking_water) in the area, so an underground water-pipe was made to bring water from a source located several kilometres away from the fortress. Yeni-Kale also served as a residence of the [pasha](/source/Pasha). During [the Russo-Turkish War of 1768–1774](/source/Russo-Turkish_War_(1768%E2%80%931774)) the Russian Army invaded [Crimea](/source/Crimea) in the summer of 1771. Though reinforcements from the [Ottoman Empire](/source/Ottoman_Empire) had arrived beforehand, the Turks decided to abandon Yeni-Kale. Russian units under command of general [Nikolay Borzov](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nikolay_Vladimirovich_Borzov&action=edit&redlink=1) entered the fortress on 21 June 1771.[4] Abaza Muhammad Pasha who was a commandant of Yeni-Kale fled to [Sinop](/source/Sinop%2C_Turkey) and the [sultan](/source/Sultan) sentenced him to death for the number of military failures. After the [Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca](/source/Treaty_of_K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk_Kaynarca) in 1774, [Kerch](/source/Kerch) and the fortress of Yeni-Kale were ceded to Russia. The fortress became a part of the Kerch-Yenikale city municipality of the [Taurida Governorate](/source/Taurida_Governorate). In the 19th century the fortress was used by Russians as a [military hospital](/source/Military_hospital). Since the 1880s Yeni-Kale was completely deserted. Today ruins of Yeni-Kale are often visited by tourists. The neighboring district of [Kerch](/source/Kerch) also is named Yeni-Kale. ## Gallery - Yenikale fortress in [Kerch](/source/Kerch).[Crimea](/source/Crimea), [Ukraine](/source/Ukraine) - Southern gate of Yeni-Kale - Yeni-Kale's northern wall - Yeni-Kale, coast side - Turkish fortress - Eastern Gate ## References 1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** [Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854), Myrmecium](https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0064%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DM%3Aentry+group%3D15%3Aentry%3Dmyrmecium-geo) 1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** [Strabo, Geography, note 24](https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0239:book=7:chapter=4&highlight=myrmecium#note-link24) 1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** ["Крепость Еникале", Тематический сайт Крым](http://info.crimea-portal.gov.ua/infocrimea/represent?menuid=63&docid=88&lang=ru)[*[permanent dead link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot)*] 1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** [""Крепость Ени-Кале", www.kerch.com.ua"](https://web.archive.org/web/20110927020625/http://www.kerch.com.ua/articleview.aspx?id=955). Archived from [the original](http://www.kerch.com.ua/articleview.aspx?id=955) on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 31 January 2011. ## External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Yeni-Kale](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Yeni-Kale). - [Yenikale Fortress, Castles in Ukraine](http://www.ukraine.com/castles/yenikale-fortress/) v t e Tourist attractions in Crimea Mountains Ai-Petri Ayu-Dag Chatyr-Dag Demir-Kapu Kara-Dag Koshka Roman-Kosh Passes Angarskyi Pass Baydar Gate Laspi Pass Landforms Arabat Spit Grand Canyon Kazantyp Marble Cave Uchan-su (waterfall) Palaces Bakhchysarai Palace Dulber Palace Livadia Palace Massandra Palace Vorontsov Palace Fortresses Arabat Fortress Chufut-Kale Eski-Kermen Genoese fortress Mangup Tepe-Kermen Yeni-Kale Churches Foros Church Bakhchysarai Cave Monastery Inkerman Cave Monastery Saint Vladimir Cathedral Surp Khach Monastery Ancient cities Charax Chersonesus Kalos Limen Myrmēkion Nymphaion Pantikapaion Scythian Neapolis Others Aivazovsky National Art Gallery Artek (camp) Big Khan Mosque Juma-Jami Mosque Crimean Astrophysical Observatory Nikitsky Botanical Garden Tarkhankut Lighthouse Swallow's Nest Staryi Krym v t e Castles in Ukraine Surviving Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Fortress Chortkiv Castle Dubno Castle Genoese Fortress Kamianets-Podilskyi Castle Khotyn Fortress Kyiv Fortress Lubart's Castle Lviv Citadel Medzhybizh Fortress Olesko Castle Olyka Castle Palanok Castle Pidhirtsi Castle Popov Manor House Radomysl Castle Skalat Castle Starokostiantyniv Castle Svirzh Castle Swallow's Nest Ternopil Castle Uzhhorod Castle Yahilnytsia Castle Zbarazh Castle Zhovkva Castle Zolochiv Castle In ruins Arabat Fortress Berezhany Castle Brody Castle Buchach Castle Budaniv Castle Chernelytsia Castle Chervonohorod Castle Chufut-Kale Eski-Kermen Halych Castle Hrymailiv Castle Khust Castle Kerch Fortress Klevan Castle Korets Castle Kremenets Castle Kryvche Castle Kudryntsi Castle Letychiv Fortress Lviv High Castle Mangup Mykulyntsi Castle Nevytske Castle Novosilka Castle Okopy Castle Or Qapi Fortress Ostroh Castle Pidzamochok Castle Pomoriany Castle Sataniv Castle Skala-Podilska Castle St. Elizabeth Fortress Stare Selo Castle Sydoriv Castle Tarakaniv Fortress Tepe-Kermen Terebovlia Castle Toky Castle Tustan Fortress Vysichka Castle Yaniv Castle Yazlovets Castle Yeni-Kale Zaliztsi Castle Zolotyi Potik Castle Entirely destroyed Bavoriv Castle Bila Castle Bilhorod-Kyivskyi Castle Bohorodytska Fortress Borky Castle Borshchiv Castle Borysohlibska Fortress Butsniv Castle Cherkasy Castle Chortkiv Castle (old) Horodok Castle, Khmelnytskyi Oblast Horodok Castle, Ternopil Oblast Horozhanka Castle Husiatyn Castle Khadjibey Kodak Fortress Kotsiubyntsi Castle Kozova Castle Kyiv Castle Lychkivtsi Castle Perevolochna Fortress Pidhaitsi Castle Rozhniativ Castle Shmankivtsi Castle Shumsk Castle Staryi Zbarazh Castle Strusiv Castle Zavaliv Castle Zbryzh Castle See also: Castles in Ukraine --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Yeni-Kale](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yeni-Kale) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yeni-Kale?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.