# Xyris

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{{Short description|Genus of yelloweyed grasses}}
{{Redirect-synonym|Yellow-eyed grass|[Sisyrinchium californicum](/source/Sisyrinchium_californicum)}}
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = N Xyrc D9741.JPG
|image_caption = ''[Xyris complanata](/source/Xyris_complanata)''
|taxon = Xyris
|authority = [L.](/source/Carl_Linnaeus)<ref name="APC">{{cite web |title=''Xyris'' |url=https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/101548 |publisher=Australian Plant Census |access-date=20 July 2025}}</ref>
|synonyms_ref = <ref name="APC" />
|synonyms = ''Xuris'' <small>[Raf.](/source/Raf.) [orth. var.](/source/orth._var.)</small>
}}

'''''Xyris''''' is a [genus](/source/genus) of [flowering plant](/source/flowering_plant)s, the '''yelloweyed grasses''', in the [yellow-eyed-grass family](/source/Xyridaceae).  The genus counts over 250 species, widespread over much of the world, with the center of distribution in the [Guianas](/source/Guianas).<ref name="PoWO">{{cite web |title=''Xyris'' |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327087-2 |publisher=Plants of the World Online |access-date=20 July 2025}}</ref><ref name=FONA/><ref>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=135197 Flora of China, Vol. 24 Page 4, <big>黄眼草属</big> huang yan cao shu, ''Xyris'' Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 42. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5; 25, 1754. ]</ref>

The [leaves](/source/Leaf) are mostly [distichous](/source/distichous), linear, flat, and thin or round with a conspicuous sheath at the base. They are arranged in a basal aggregation. The small, yellow [flower](/source/flower)s are borne on a spherical or cylindrical [spike](/source/Spike_(botany)) or [head](/source/Head_(botany)) ([inflorescence](/source/inflorescence)). Each flower grows from the axil of a leathery [bract](/source/bract). The [fruit](/source/fruit) is a nonfleshy, [dehiscent](/source/dehiscent) [capsule](/source/Capsule_(botany)).  In ''Xyris complanata'', a single flower bud on the spike appears in the morning, and expands into a conspicuous flower during the afternoon hours.<ref name=FONA/>

The [APG IV system](/source/APG_IV_system), of 2016, places the genus in family [Xyridaceae](/source/Xyridaceae), into the order [Poales](/source/Poales) in the clade [commelinids](/source/commelinids), in the [monocots](/source/monocots).

Species include:<ref name=APNI>{{cite web|url=http://www.anbg.gov.au/cgi-bin/apni?TAXON_NAME=XYRIS|title=''Xyris''|access-date=2008-10-12|work=[Australian Plant Name Index](/source/Australian_Plant_Name_Index) (APNI), IBIS database|publisher=Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government, Canberra}}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
<ref name=FONA>{{cite web|title=''Xyris''|work=Flora of North America|url=http://www.efloras.org/browse.aspx?flora_id=1&start_taxon_id=135197|access-date=2008-10-12}}</ref>
{{Columns-list|colwidth=22em|
* ''[Xyris ambigua](/source/Xyris_ambigua)'' <small>Beyrich ex Kunth</small> 
* ''[Xyris andina](/source/Xyris_andina)'' <small>Malme</small>
* ''[Xyris arenicola](/source/Xyris_arenicola)''
* ''[Xyris asperula](/source/Xyris_asperula)''
* ''[Xyris baldwiniana](/source/Xyris_baldwiniana)'' <small>Schultes</small>     
* ''[Xyris bayardii](/source/Xyris_bayardii)''   
* ''[Xyris brevifolia](/source/Xyris_brevifolia)'' <small>Michaux</small>     
* ''[Xyris bulbosa](/source/Xyris_bulbosa)''    
* ''[Xyris caroliniana](/source/Xyris_caroliniana)'' <small>Walter</small>   
* ''[Xyris chapmanii](/source/Xyris_chapmanii)''
* ''[Xyris communis](/source/Xyris_communis)''
* ''[Xyris complanata](/source/Xyris_complanata)'' <small>R.Br.</small>  
* ''[Xyris decipiens](/source/Xyris_decipiens)'' <small>N.E.Br.</small>
* ''[Xyris difformis](/source/Xyris_difformis)'' <small>Chapman</small>       
* ''[Xyris drummondii](/source/Xyris_drummondii)'' <small>Malme</small>       
* ''[Xyris elliottii](/source/Xyris_elliottii)'' <small>Chapman</small>  
* ''[Xyris elongata](/source/Xyris_elongata)'' <small> Rudge</small>  
* ''[Xyris exilis](/source/Xyris_exilis)'' <small> Doust & [B.J.Conn](/source/B.J.Conn)</small>  
* ''[Xyris fimbriata](/source/Xyris_fimbriata)'' <small>Elliott</small>     
* ''[Xyris flabelliformis](/source/Xyris_flabelliformis)'' <small>Chapman</small>     
* ''[Xyris flexifolia](/source/Xyris_flexifolia)'' <small> [R.Br.](/source/R.Br.)</small> 
* ''[Xyris flexuosa](/source/Xyris_flexuosa)''  
* ''[Xyris floridana](/source/Xyris_floridana)''
* ''[Xyris gracilis](/source/Xyris_gracilis)'' <small> R.Br.</small>  
* ''[Xyris gracillima](/source/Xyris_gracillima)'' <small> F.Muell.</small>   
* ''[Xyris inaequalis](/source/Xyris_inaequalis)'' <small> N.A.Wakef.</small>   
* ''[Xyris indica](/source/Xyris_indica)'' <small> L.</small>  
* ''[Xyris indivisa](/source/Xyris_indivisa)'' <small> N.A.Wakef.</small>  
* ''[Xyris iridifolia](/source/Xyris_iridifolia)''
* ''[Xyris isoetifolia](/source/Xyris_isoetifolia)'' <small>Kral,</small>        
* ''[Xyris jupicai](/source/Xyris_jupicai)'' <small>Richard</small>   
* ''[Xyris juncea](/source/Xyris_juncea)'' <small> R.Br.</small>   
* ''[Xyris lacera](/source/Xyris_lacera)'' <small> R.Br.</small>    
* ''[Xyris lanata](/source/Xyris_lanata)'' <small> R.Br.</small>     
* ''[Xyris laxiflora](/source/Xyris_laxiflora)'' <small> F.Muell.</small>  
* ''[Xyris laxifolia](/source/Xyris_laxifolia)'' <small>Martius</small>  
* ''[Xyris longisepala](/source/Xyris_longisepala)'' <small>Kral</small>      
* ''[Xyris louisianica](/source/Xyris_louisianica)''
* ''[Xyris macrocephala](/source/Xyris_macrocephala)''
* ''[Xyris marginata](/source/Xyris_marginata)'' <small> Rendle</small>  
* ''[Xyris montana](/source/Xyris_montana)'' <small>Ries</small>   
* ''[Xyris muelleri](/source/Xyris_muelleri)'' <small> Malme</small>    
* ''[Xyris neglecta](/source/Xyris_neglecta)'' 
* ''[Xyris operculata](/source/Xyris_operculata)'' <small> Labill.</small>  
* ''[Xyris pallescens](/source/Xyris_pallescens)''
* ''[Xyris panacea](/source/Xyris_panacea)''
* ''[Xyris papillosa](/source/Xyris_papillosa)''
* ''[Xyris paradisiaca](/source/Xyris_paradisiaca)''
* ''[Xyris pauciflora](/source/Xyris_pauciflora)'' <small> Willd.</small>  
* ''[Xyris platylepis](/source/Xyris_platylepis)'' <small>Chapman</small>    
* ''[Xyris roycei](/source/Xyris_roycei)'' <small> N.A.Wakef.</small>  
* ''[Xyris scabrifolia](/source/Xyris_scabrifolia)'' <small>R. M. Harper</small>         
* ''[Xyris serotina](/source/Xyris_serotina)'' <small>Chapman</small>       
* ''[Xyris smalliana](/source/Xyris_smalliana)'' <small>Nash</small>      
* ''[Xyris stricta](/source/Xyris_stricta)'' <small>Chapman</small>      
* ''[Xyris subalata](/source/Xyris_subalata)''
* ''[Xyris tennesseensis](/source/Xyris_tennesseensis)'' <small>Kral</small>    
* ''[Xyris torta](/source/Xyris_torta)'' <small>Smith</small>      
* ''[Xyris ustulata](/source/Xyris_ustulata)'' <small> L.A.Nilsson</small>  
}}
thumb|right|Stand of mostly ''Xyris complanata'' in a small wetland

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=135197 ''Xyris'' in the ''Flora of North America'']

{{Taxonbar|from=Q977464}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Xyris
Category:Poales genera

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Xyris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xyris) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xyris?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.