# Xerocrassa

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***Xerocrassa*** is a [genus](/source/Genus) of small, air-breathing [land snails](/source/Land_snail), [terrestrial](/source/Terrestrial_animal) [pulmonate](/source/Pulmonate) [gastropod](/source/Gastropod) [molluscs](/source/Mollusc) in the subfamily [Helicellinae](/source/Helicellinae) of the [family](/source/Family_(taxonomy)) [Geomitridae](/source/Geomitridae).[2][3]

Some species of *Xerocrassa* are instead considered to belong to the subgenus *Xerocrassa*, within the genus *[Trochoidea](/source/Trochoidea_(genus))*; in those cases the species are listed under the [generic name](/source/Name_of_a_biological_genus) *Trochoidea*. However, for other authors both taxa are not closely related being different genera.[3][4][5]

## Taxonomy

The genus *Xerocrassa* is divided in 3 subgenera:[5]

- *Xerocrassa (Amandana)* Fagot, 1891
- *Xerocrassa (Xeroclausa)* [Monterosato](/source/Tommaso_di_Maria_Allery_Monterosato), 1892
- *Xerocrassa (Xerocrassa)* [Monterosato](/source/Tommaso_di_Maria_Allery_Monterosato), 1892

## Species

Species in the genus *Xerocrassa*:[6][7]

- *[Xerocrassa amphiconus](/source/Xerocrassa_amphiconus)* (Maltzan, 1883)
- *[Xerocrassa barceloi](/source/Xerocrassa_barceloi)* (Hidalgo, 1878)
- *[Xerocrassa berenice](/source/Xerocrassa_berenice)* (Kobelt, 1883)
- *[Xerocrassa carinatoglobosa](/source/Xerocrassa_carinatoglobosa)* (F. Haas, 1934)
- *[Xerocrassa caroli](/source/Xerocrassa_caroli)* (Dohrn & Heynemann, 1862)
- *[Xerocrassa chiae](/source/Xerocrassa_chiae)* (Fagot, 1886)
- *[Xerocrassa cisternasi](/source/Xerocrassa_cisternasi)* (Hidalgo, 1883)
- *[Xerocrassa claudia](/source/Xerocrassa_claudia)* (Hausdorf & Welter-Schultes, 1998)
- *[Xerocrassa claudiconus](/source/Xerocrassa_claudiconus)* (Hausdorf & Welter-Schultes, 1998)
- *[Xerocrassa claudinae](/source/Xerocrassa_claudinae)* (Gasull, 1964)
- *[Xerocrassa cobosi](/source/Xerocrassa_cobosi)* (Ortiz de Zárate López, 1962)
- *[Xerocrassa commeata](/source/Xerocrassa_commeata)* (Mousson, 1874)
- *[Xerocrassa cretica](/source/Xerocrassa_cretica)* (Férussac, 1821)
- *[Xerocrassa davidiana](/source/Xerocrassa_davidiana)* (Bourguignat, 1863)
- *[Xerocrassa derogata](/source/Xerocrassa_derogata)* (Rossmässler, 1854)
- *[Xerocrassa diensis](/source/Xerocrassa_diensis)* (Maltzan, 1883)
- *[Xerocrassa ebusitana](/source/Xerocrassa_ebusitana)* (Hidalgo, 1869)
- *[Xerocrassa edmundi](/source/Xerocrassa_edmundi)* (Martínez-Ortí, 2006)
- *[Xerocrassa elevata](/source/Xerocrassa_elevata)* (Pallary, 1924)
- *[Xerocrassa eremophila](/source/Xerocrassa_eremophila)* (L. Pfeiffer, 1853)
- *[Xerocrassa erkelii](/source/Xerocrassa_erkelii)* (Kobelt, 1878)
- *[Xerocrassa formenterensis](/source/Xerocrassa_formenterensis)* (F. Schröder, 1984)
- *[Xerocrassa fourtaui](/source/Xerocrassa_fourtaui)* (Pallary, 1902)
- *[Xerocrassa franciscoi](/source/Xerocrassa_franciscoi)* (Hausdorf & Sauer, 2009)
- *[Xerocrassa frater](/source/Xerocrassa_frater)* (Dohrn & Heynemann, 1862)
- *[Xerocrassa geyeri](/source/Xerocrassa_geyeri)* (Soós, 1926)
- *[Xerocrassa gharlapsi](/source/Xerocrassa_gharlapsi)* (Beckmann, 1987)
- *[Xerocrassa grabusana](/source/Xerocrassa_grabusana)* (Hausdorf & Sauer, 2009)
- *[Xerocrassa grata](/source/Xerocrassa_grata)* (Haas, 1924)
- *[Xerocrassa helleri](/source/Xerocrassa_helleri)* (Forcart, 1976)
- *[Xerocrassa heraklea](/source/Xerocrassa_heraklea)* (Hausdorf & Sauer, 2009)
- *[Xerocrassa homeyeri](/source/Xerocrassa_homeyeri)* (Dohrn & Heynemann, 1862)
- *[Xerocrassa huggani](/source/Xerocrassa_huggani)* R. Brandt, 1959
- *[Xerocrassa jimenensis](/source/Xerocrassa_jimenensis)* (Puente & Arrébola, 1996)
- *[Xerocrassa kydonia](/source/Xerocrassa_kydonia)* (Hausdorf & Sauer, 2009)
- *[Xerocrassa lacertara](/source/Xerocrassa_lacertara)* (Bourguignat, 1863)
- *[Xerocrassa lacipensis](/source/Xerocrassa_lacipensis)* Torres Alba & Quintana Cardona, 2021[8]
- *[Xerocrassa langloisiana](/source/Xerocrassa_langloisiana)* (Bourguignat, 1853)
- *[Xerocrassa lasithiensis](/source/Xerocrassa_lasithiensis)* (Hausdorf & Sauer, 2009)
- *[Xerocrassa latastei](/source/Xerocrassa_latastei)* (Letourneux in Letourneux & Bourguignat, 1887)
- *[Xerocrassa latasteopsis](/source/Xerocrassa_latasteopsis)* (Letourneux & Bourguignat, 1887)
- *[Xerocrassa libyca](/source/Xerocrassa_libyca)* (Kobelt, 1883)
- *[Xerocrassa meda](/source/Xerocrassa_meda)* (Porro, 1840)
- *[Xerocrassa mesostena](/source/Xerocrassa_mesostena)* (Westerlund, 1879)
- *[Xerocrassa mienisi](/source/Xerocrassa_mienisi)* (Forcart, 1976)
- *[Xerocrassa molinae](/source/Xerocrassa_molinae)* (Hidalgo, 1883)
- *[Xerocrassa montserratensis](/source/Xerocrassa_montserratensis)* (Hidalgo, 1870)
- *[Xerocrassa naisi](/source/Xerocrassa_naisi)* (Pallary, 1939)
- *[Xerocrassa newka](/source/Xerocrassa_newka)* (Dohrn & Heynemann, 1862)
- *[Xerocrassa nicosiana](/source/Xerocrassa_nicosiana)* (Gittenberger, 1991)
- *[Xerocrassa nyeli](/source/Xerocrassa_nyeli)* (Mittre, 1842)
- *[Xerocrassa penalveri](/source/Xerocrassa_penalveri)* Martinez-Orti, 2022
- *[Xerocrassa penchinati](/source/Xerocrassa_penchinati)* (Bourguignat, 1868)
- *[Xerocrassa picardi](/source/Xerocrassa_picardi)* (F. Haas, 1933)
- *[Xerocrassa pilsbryi](/source/Xerocrassa_pilsbryi)* Forcart, 1976
- *[Xerocrassa poecilodoma](/source/Xerocrassa_poecilodoma)* (Boettger, 1894)
- *[Xerocrassa pollenzensis](/source/Xerocrassa_pollenzensis)* (Hidalgo, 1878)
- *[Xerocrassa pseudojacosta](/source/Xerocrassa_pseudojacosta)* (Forcart, 1976)
- *[Xerocrassa rhabdota](/source/Xerocrassa_rhabdota)* (Sturany, 1901)
- *[Xerocrassa rhithymna](/source/Xerocrassa_rhithymna)* (Hausdorf & Sauer, 2009)
- *[Xerocrassa ripacurcica](/source/Xerocrassa_ripacurcica)* (Bofill, 1886)
- *[Xerocrassa roblesi](/source/Xerocrassa_roblesi)* (Martínez-Ortí, 2000)
- *[Xerocrassa scharonica](/source/Xerocrassa_scharonica)* (F. Haas, 1936)
- *[Xerocrassa seetzeni](/source/Xerocrassa_seetzeni)* (Pfeiffer, 1847) – the [type species](/source/Type_species)
- *[Xerocrassa serrulata](/source/Xerocrassa_serrulata)* (H.H. Beck, 1837)[9]
- *[Xerocrassa siderensis](/source/Xerocrassa_siderensis)* (Maltzan, 1883)
- *[Xerocrassa simulata](/source/Xerocrassa_simulata)* (Ehrenberg, 1831)
- *[Xerocrassa sinaica](/source/Xerocrassa_sinaica)* (E. von Martens, 1889)
- *[Xerocrassa siphnica](/source/Xerocrassa_siphnica)* (Kobelt, 1883)
- *[Xerocrassa subrogata](/source/Xerocrassa_subrogata)* (Pfeiffer, 1853)
- *[Xerocrassa subvariegata](/source/Xerocrassa_subvariegata)* (Maltzan, 1883)
- *[Xerocrassa tuberculosa](/source/Xerocrassa_tuberculosa)* (Conrad, 1852)
- *[Xerocrassa turolensis](/source/Xerocrassa_turolensis)* (Ortiz de Zárate, 1963)
- *[Xerocrassa zaharensis](/source/Xerocrassa_zaharensis)* (Puente & Arrébola, 1996)
- *[Xerocrassa zilchi](/source/Xerocrassa_zilchi)* (Forcart, 1976)
- *[Xerocrassa zviae](/source/Xerocrassa_zviae)* Mienis, 2017

**Taxon inquirendum**

- *Xerocrassa philamnia* (Bourguignat, 1863)

## Synonyms

- *Xerocrassa arturi* (Haas, 1924): synonym of *[Xerocrassa ripacurcica ripacurcica](/source/Xerocrassa_ripacurcica_ripacurcica)* (Bofill, 1886) (junior subjective synonym)
- *Xerocrassa betulonensis* (Bofill, 1898 ): synonym of *[Xerocrassa montserratensis](/source/Xerocrassa_montserratensis)* (Hidalgo, 1870)
- *Xerocrassa cardonae* (Hidalgo, 1867): synonym of *[Xerocrassa nyeli](/source/Xerocrassa_nyeli)* (Mittre, 1842) ([superseded combination](/source/Superseded_combination))
- *Xerocrassa ferreri* (Jaeckel, 1952): synonym of *[Xerocrassa newka](/source/Xerocrassa_newka)* (Dohrn & Heynemann, 1862) (junior subjective synonym)
- *Xerocrassa madritensis* (Rambur, 1868): synonym of *[Xerotricha madritensis](/source/Xerotricha_madritensis)* (Rambur, 1868) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- *Xerocrassa moraguesi* (Kobelt, 1883): synonym of *[Xerocrassa homeyeri homeyeri](/source/Xerocrassa_homeyeri_homeyeri)* (Dohrn & Heynemann, 1862) (superseded combination)
- *Xerocrassa muehlfeldtiana* (Rossmässler, 1837): synonym of *[Helicopsis striata](/source/Helicopsis_striata)* (O. F. Müller, 1774)
- *Xerocrassa pallaresica* (Fagot, 1886): synonym of *Xerocrassa madritensis* (Rambur, 1868): synonym of *[Xerotricha madritensis](/source/Xerotricha_madritensis)* (Rambur, 1868) (junior subjective synonym)
- *Xerocrassa ponsi* (Hidalgo, 1878): synonym of *[Xerocrassa nyeli ponsi](/source/Xerocrassa_nyeli_ponsi)* (Hidalgo, 1878)
- *Xerocrassa prietoi* (Hidalgo, 1878): synonym of *[Xerocrassa homeyeri homeyeri](/source/Xerocrassa_homeyeri_homeyeri)* (Dohrn & Heynemann, 1862)
- *Xerocrassa salvanae* (Fagot, 1886): synonym of *[Xerotricha madritensis](/source/Xerotricha_madritensis)* (Rambur, 1868) (junior subjective synonym)

## See also

- [*Trochoidea*](/source/Trochoidea_(genus))

## References

1. Monterosato T. A. di (1892). "Molluschi terrestri delle isole adiacenti alla Sicilia". *Atti della Reale Accademia di Scienze, Lettere e Belle Arti di Palermo* (3)**2**: 1–33. page 23.

1. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Xerocrassa Monterosato, 1892. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: [https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=996348](https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=996348) on 6 August 2022

1. Razkin, Oihana; Gómez-Moliner, Benjamín Juán; Prieto, Carlos Enrique; Martínez-Ortí, Alberto; Arrébola, José Ramón; Muñoz, Benito; Chueca, Luis Javier; Madeira, María José (February 2015). "Molecular phylogeny of the western Palaearctic Helicoidea (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora)". *Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution*. **83**: 99–117. [Bibcode:2015MolPE..83...99R](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015MolPE..83...99R). [doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.11.014](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2014.11.014). [PMID 25485783](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25485783)

1. Chueca, Luis J.; Gómez-Moliner, Benjamín J.; Madeira, María José; Pfenninger, Markus (January 2018). "Molecular phylogeny of *Candidula* (Geomitridae) land snails inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear markers reveals the polyphyly of the genus". *Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution*. **118**: 357–368. [Bibcode:2018MolPE.118..357C](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018MolPE.118..357C). [doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2017.10.022](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2017.10.022). [PMID 29107619](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29107619)

1. Bank, R.A. (2017), "Fauna Europaea Project‒Checklist of the land and freshwater Gastropoda of Europe"

1. [*Species in genus Xerocrassa*](http://www.animalbase.uni-goettingen.de/zooweb/servlet/AnimalBase/list/species?taxongenus=2625). AnimalBase, accessed 23 October 2012.

1. Chueca, Luis J.; Gómez-Moliner, Benjamín J.; Forés, Maximino; Madeira, María José (April 2017). "Biogeography and radiation of the land snail genus Xerocrassa (Geomitridae) in the Balearic Islands". *Journal of Biogeography*. **44** (4): 760–772. [Bibcode:2017JBiog..44..760C](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017JBiog..44..760C). [doi:10.1111/jbi.12923](https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12923). [S2CID 90667535](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:90667535)

1. ["Xerocrassa lacipensis Torres Alba & Quintana Cardona, 2021"](https://www.gbif.org/species/11145097). *www.gbif.org*. Retrieved 26 October 2021.

1. [Conchology.be: Xerocrassa serrulata](https://www.conchology.be/?t=2204&CODsp=4545408724&Genus=Xerocrassa&species=serrulata&variety=)

- Kobelt, W. (1892). Literaturbericht. Nachrichtsblatt der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft, 24 (7/8): 149–152. Frankfurt am Main
- Bank, R. A. (2017). Classification of the Recent terrestrial Gastropoda of the World. Last update: 16 July 2017

## External links

- [Fagot, P. (1890–1894). Histoire malacologique des Pyrénées Françaises et Espagnoles. Bulletin de la Société Ramond. 25 (3): 131–158 (July 1890); 25 (4): 215–244 (October 1890); 26 (1): 1–28 (January 1891); 26 (2): 129–143 (April 1891); 26 (3): 215–233 (July 1891); 26 (4): 277–296 (October 1891); 27 (1): 23–41 (January 1892); 28 (2/3): 169–184 (July 1893); 28 (4): 247–262 (October 1893); 29 (1/3): 118–138 (July 1894). Bagnères-de-Bigorre](https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6535743z/f2.item)
- Sauer J. & Hausdorf B. (2010). "Reconstructing the evolutionary history of the radiation of the land snail genus *Xerocrassa* on Crete based on mitochondrial sequences and AFLP markers". *[BMC Evolutionary Biology](/source/BMC_Evolutionary_Biology)* **10**: 299. [doi:10.1186/1471-2148-10-299](https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-10-299).

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