# X-Men > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/X-Men > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/X-Men.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-Men > Source revision: 1354412571 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{Short description|Marvel Comics superhero team of mutants}} {{About|the superhero team}} {{distinguish|X-Man}} {{Use mdy dates|date=August 2021}} {{Infobox comics organization |image=X-Men_(Vol._6)_No._2_Mahmud_Asrar_Variant_(Textless).jpg |caption=Variant cover of ''[X-Men](/source/X-Men_(comic_book))'' (vol. 6) #2 (August 2021) depicting the first elected [Krakoa](/source/Krakoa)n X-Men team (clockwise from left): [Synch](/source/Synch_(character)), [X-23](/source/X-23), [Sunfire](/source/Sunfire_(character)), [Marvel Girl](/source/Jean_Grey), [Rogue](/source/Rogue_(Marvel_Comics)), [Polaris](/source/Polaris_(Marvel_Comics)), and [Cyclops](/source/Cyclops_(Marvel_Comics)).
Art by [Mahmud A. Asrar](/source/Mahmud_A._Asrar). |publisher=[Marvel Comics](/source/Marvel_Comics) |debut=''[The X-Men](/source/Uncanny_X-Men)'' #1
(September 1963) |creators= [Stan Lee](/source/Stan_Lee) (writer)
[Jack Kirby](/source/Jack_Kirby) (artist/co-plotter) |base= '''Current:'''
• The Factory
Merle, Alaska
• Haven House
New Orleans, Louisiana
'''Former:'''
• [Xavier's School for Gifted Youngsters](/source/X-Mansion)/Jean Grey School for Higher Learning/Xavier Institute for Mutant Education and Outreach
[Westchester County, New York](/source/Westchester_County%2C_New_York)
• Cooterman's Creek
Australian Outback
• Utopia
San Francisco, California
• The Treehouse
([Krakoa](/source/Krakoa)n base)
[New York City](/source/New_York_City)
• The [Morlocks](/source/Morlocks_(comics))' Alley
New York Sewer System
[New York City](/source/New_York_City) |owners= |team=y |members='''Current:'''
[Beast](/source/Beast_(Marvel_Comics))
[Cyclops](/source/Cyclops_(Marvel_Comics))
[Gambit](/source/Gambit_(Marvel_Comics))
[Glob](/source/Glob_Herman)
[Jen Starkey](/source/Animalia_(character))
[Jubilee](/source/Jubilee_(character))
[Juggernaut](/source/Juggernaut_(character))
[Kid Omega](/source/Kid_Omega)
[Magik](/source/Magik)
[Magneto](/source/Magneto_(Marvel_Comics))
[Nightcrawler](/source/Nightcrawler_(character))
[Psylocke](/source/Kwannon_(character))
[Rogue](/source/Rogue_(Marvel_Comics))
[Temper](/source/Oya_(comics))
[Wolverine](/source/Wolverine_(character))
[Xorn](/source/Xorn)
'''Former:'''
See ''[List of X-Men members](/source/List_of_X-Men_members)'' |subcat=Marvel Comics |hero=y |sortkey=E-Men }} The '''X-Men''' are a [superhero](/source/superhero) team in [American comic book](/source/American_comic_book)s published by [Marvel Comics](/source/Marvel_Comics). Created by writer/editor [Stan Lee](/source/Stan_Lee) and artist/co-plotter [Jack Kirby](/source/Jack_Kirby), the team first appeared in [''The X-Men''](/source/Uncanny_X-Men) #1 (September 1963).''The X-Men'' #1 (July 2, 1963) Although initially cancelled in 1970 due to low sales, following its [1975 revival](/source/Giant-Size_X-Men) and subsequent direction under writer [Chris Claremont](/source/Chris_Claremont), it became one of Marvel Comics's most recognizable and successful franchises.{{cite web |last1=Prefore |first1=Charles |date=October 12, 2020 |title=Marvel's X-Men Comics Were Saved By One Man |url=https://screenrant.com/marvel-xmen-saved-chris-claremont/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026085306/https://screenrant.com/marvel-xmen-saved-chris-claremont/ |archive-date=October 26, 2020 |access-date=1 March 2022 |website=Screen Rant}} They have appeared in numerous books, [television shows](/source/X-Men_in_television), [20th Century Fox](/source/20th_Century_Studios)'s [''X-Men'' films](/source/X-Men_(film_series)), and [video games](/source/List_of_video_games_featuring_the_X-Men). The ''X-Men'' title may refer to the superhero team itself, [the eponymous comic series](/source/X-Men_(comic_book)), or the broader franchise, which includes [various solo titles and team books](/source/List_of_X-Men_comics), such as the [New Mutants](/source/New_Mutants), [Excalibur](/source/Excalibur_(comics)), and [X-Force](/source/X-Force). In the [Marvel Universe](/source/Marvel_Universe), [mutants](/source/Mutant_(Marvel_Comics)) are humans born with a genetic trait called the X-gene, which grants them natural superhuman abilities, generally manifesting during [puberty](/source/puberty). Due to their differences from most humanity, mutants are subject to prejudice and discrimination; many X-Men stories feature social commentary on bigotry, justice, and other political themes. The X-Men have fought against various [enemies](/source/List_of_X-Men_enemies), including villainous mutants, human bigots, supervillains, mystical threats, extraterrestrials, and evil artificial intelligences. In most iterations of the team, they are led by their founder, [Charles Xavier / Professor X](/source/Professor_X), a powerful telepath who runs a school for mutant children out of [his mansion in Westchester, New York](/source/X-Mansion), which secretly is also the headquarters of the X-Men. Their stories have frequently involved [Magneto](/source/Magneto_(Marvel_Comics)), a powerful mutant with control over [magnetic field](/source/magnetic_field)s, who is depicted as an old friend of and [foil](/source/Foil_(narrative)) to Xavier, acting as an adversary or ally. ==Background and creation== In 1963, with the success of the [Fantastic Four](/source/Fantastic_Four), co-creator [Stan Lee](/source/Stan_Lee) wanted to create another group of superheroes. Unlike Lee's earlier creations such as [Spider-Man](/source/Spider-Man) who acquired their powers through scientific means, Lee decided that this new group of heroes were "[mutants](/source/Mutant_(Marvel_Comics))", born with powers as he had grown weary of creating separate origins for each superhero.{{Cite web |date=March 26, 2010 |title=Stan Lee |url=https://www.arts.gov/stories/podcast/stan-lee |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260228230021/https://www.arts.gov/stories/podcast/stan-lee |archive-date=February 28, 2026 |access-date=September 18, 2024 |website=National Endowment for the Arts}}{{Sfn |Saunders |2023 |p=xxv}} In a 1987 interview, Kirby said:
The X-Men, I did the natural thing there. What would you do with mutants who were just plain boys and girls and certainly not dangerous? You school them. You develop their skills. So I gave them a teacher, Professor X. Of course, it was the natural thing to do, instead of disorienting or alienating people who were different from us, I made the X-Men part of the human race, which they were. Possibly, radiation, if it is beneficial, may create mutants that'll save us instead of doing us harm. I felt that if we train the mutants our way, they'll help us – and not only help us, but achieve a measure of growth in their own sense. And so, we could all live together.''Conversations With The Comic Book Creators'' by Leonard Pitts, 1987; also published on ''The Kirby Effect: The Journal of the Kirby Museum'' website as [https://kirbymuseum.org/blogs/effect/2012/08/06/19867-kirby-interview/ "1986/7 Jack Kirby Interview"], 6 August 2012.
Lee devised the series title after Marvel publisher [Martin Goodman](/source/Martin_Goodman_(publisher)) turned down the initial name, "The Mutants," stating that readers would not know what a "mutant" was.{{Cite book |last1=Lee |first1=Stan |url=https://archive.org/details/sonoforiginsofma0000lees/page/448 |title=Son of Origins of Marvel Comics |author2=Jack Kirby |date=August 2005 |publisher=Marvel Comics |others=John Buscema, Don Heck, Bill Everett, Gene Colan |isbn=0-671-22166-3 |volume=1 |page=[https://archive.org/details/sonoforiginsofma0000lees/page/448 448]}} Within the [Marvel Universe](/source/Marvel_Universe), the X-Men are widely regarded to have been named after [Professor X](/source/Professor_X). The original explanation for the name, as provided by Xavier in ''The X-Men'' #1 (1963), is that mutants "possess an extra power ... one which ordinary humans do not!! That is why I call my students ... X-Men, for EX-tra power!"''X-Men'' #1 ==Publication history== {{further|List of X-Men comics}} === 1960s === [[File:Original X-Men.png|thumb|left|The original X-Men members who were created by [Stan Lee](/source/Stan_Lee) and [Jack Kirby](/source/Jack_Kirby), showing their original design]] The first issue, [cover-date](/source/cover-date)d September 1963,{{Sfn |Saunders |2023 |p=2}} introduces the original team, with [Marvel Girl](/source/Jean_Grey) presented as a new pupil at Charles Xavier's school, apparently the first female student, and meeting [Cyclops](/source/Cyclops_(Marvel_Comics)), [Beast](/source/Beast_(Marvel_Comics)), [Angel](/source/Warren_Worthington_III), and [Iceman](/source/Iceman_(Marvel_Comics)).{{Sfn |Saunders |2023 |p=xxix}} Cyclops, whose eyes shoot powerful beams unless they are controlled by a visor, is the central protagonist.{{Sfn |Wolk |2021 |pp=138-139}} Beast is apelike in appearance but speaks in sophisticated diction; Iceman is hedonistic and energetic; Angel comes from a wealthy background and has wings protruding from his back; and Marvel Girl is hyperfeminine. The masculine characters often express their attraction to Marvel Girl.{{Sfn |Wolk |2021 |p=139}} The first issue also introduces the team's archenemy, [Magneto](/source/Magneto_(Marvel_Comics)).{{Sfn |Saunders |2023 |pp=xxx-xxxi}} Magneto appears frequently throughout the series.{{Sfn |Saunders |2023 |p=229}} Early ''The X-Men'' issues (#4 and #5) go on to introduce Magneto's [Brotherhood of Evil Mutants](/source/Brotherhood_of_Mutants), featuring [Mastermind](/source/Mastermind_(Jason_Wyngarde)) and [Toad](/source/Toad_(Marvel_Comics)).{{Sfn |Saunders |2023 |p=xxxii}} [Quicksilver](/source/Quicksilver_(Marvel_Comics)) and [Scarlet Witch](/source/Scarlet_Witch) were initially introduced in issue #4 as members of the Brotherhood, but later reformed and joined the [Avengers](/source/Avengers_(comics)).{{Sfn |DeFalco |2022 |p=93}} The comic focused on a common human theme of good versus evil; issue #8 first introduces the theme of [prejudice](/source/prejudice) against mutants,{{Sfn |Saunders |2023 |pp=xxxiii-xxxiv}} which eventually comes to function as an allegory for [racism](/source/racism) or other forms of bigotry.{{Sfn |Wolk |2021 |p=138}} Issue #12 introduces Cain Marko, the [Juggernaut](/source/Juggernaut_(character)), Professor Xavier's stepbrother, and implies that Marko was responsible for the accident that paralyzed Xavier.{{Sfn |Saunders |2023 |p=160}} Issues #14 to #16 (November 1965 - January 1966) introduce the [Sentinels](/source/Sentinel_(comics)), mutant-hunting robots designed by [Bolivar Trask](/source/Bolivar_Trask).{{Sfn |Saunders |2023 |p=xxxiv}} The title lagged in sales behind Marvel's other comic franchises. Writer [Roy Thomas](/source/Roy_Thomas) and [Werner Roth](/source/Werner_Roth_(comics)) replaced Lee and Kirby by issue #20 (May 1966).{{Sfn |Saunders |2023 |p=xxxv}} Issue #28 introduces [Banshee](/source/Banshee_(character)); initially an antagonist, Banshee will go on to become a member of the X-Men.{{Sfn |Saunders |2023 |p=230}} In 1969, Thomas and illustrator [Neal Adams](/source/Neal_Adams) briefly rejuvenated the comic book.{{Sfn |Saunders |2023 |p=xxxix}} They gave regular roles to two recently introduced characters: Alex Summers (Cyclops' brother, later known as [Havok](/source/Havok_(character)), who had been introduced by Roy Thomas before Adams began work on the comic) and Lorna Dane, later called [Polaris](/source/Polaris_(Marvel_Comics)) (created by [Arnold Drake](/source/Arnold_Drake) and [Jim Steranko](/source/Jim_Steranko)).{{Sfn |Saunders |2023 |pp=290-291}} Issue #64 introduced [Sunfire](/source/Sunfire_(character)), a Japanese mutant.{{Sfn|Sanderson|2006|p=55}} However, these later ''X-Men'' issues failed to attract sales and Marvel stopped producing new stories with issue #66 (March 1970), later reprinting a number of the older comics as issues #67–93.{{Sfn |Saunders |2023 |p=362}} === 1970s === [[Image:Giantsize1.jpg|thumb|right|[Giant-Size X-Men](/source/Giant-Size_X-Men) #1 (May 1975). Cover art by Gil Kane and Dave Cockrum.]] In ''[Giant-Size X-Men](/source/Giant-Size_X-Men)'' #1 (1975), writer [Len Wein](/source/Len_Wein) and artist [Dave Cockrum](/source/Dave_Cockrum) introduced a new team that starred in a revival of ''The X-Men''. The new team featured in a reboot of the ongoing ''X-Men'' series, which [Chris Claremont](/source/Chris_Claremont) began writing with [issue #94](/source/Uncanny_X-Men_94), with Cockrum continuing as illustrator.{{Sfn |Wolk |2021 |pp=139-140}} This new team replaced the previous members with the exception of [Cyclops](/source/Cyclops_(Marvel_Comics)), who remained. This team differed greatly from the original, now "an international cadre of mutants with diverse and often traumatic personal histories".{{Sfn |Fawaz |2016 |p=145}} Unlike in the early issues of the original series, the new team was not made up of teenagers. Marvel's corporate owners, [Cadence Industries](/source/Cadence_Industries), had suggested the new team should be international, feeling it needed characters with "foreign appeal".{{cite book |last1=Robb |first1=Brian J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wCSfBAAAQBAJ&dq=%22based+on+a+suggestion+from+Marvel%27s+corporate+owners+%E2%80%93+now+named+Cadence+Industries%22&pg=PT87 |title=A Brief History of Superheroes: From Superman to the Avengers, the Evolution of Comic Book Legends |date=May 15, 2014 |publisher=Little, Brown Book |isbn=9781472110701}} So each character was from a different country with varying cultural and philosophical beliefs, and all were already well-versed in using their mutant powers, several being experienced in combat. The "all-new, all-different X-Men"''Giant-Size X-Men'' #1 were led by Cyclops, from the original team,{{Sfn |Deman |2023 |p=43}} and consisted of the newly created [Colossus](/source/Colossus_(character)) (from the Soviet Union/Russia), [Nightcrawler](/source/Nightcrawler_(character)) (from Germany), [Storm](/source/Storm_(Marvel_Comics)) (from Kenya), and [Thunderbird](/source/Thunderbird_(John_Proudstar)) (a Native American of [Apache](/source/Apache) descent), and three previously introduced characters: Banshee (from Ireland), Sunfire (from Japan), and [Wolverine](/source/Wolverine_(character)) (from Canada).{{Sfn |Fawaz |2016 |p=145}} Wolverine had been previously introduced as an antagonist of the [Hulk](/source/Hulk).{{Sfn |Cowsill |2025 |p=9}} However, this team would not remain whole for long; Sunfire quit shortly after their first mission, and Thunderbird died on the next.{{Sfn |Deman |2023 |p=77}} Filling in the vacancy, a revamped [Jean Grey](/source/Jean_Grey) soon rejoined the X-Men. Claremont emphasized the character development of Grey, whose powers increased dramatically as she adopted a new name, Phoenix in issue #101 (October 1976).{{Sfn |Wolk |2021 |pp=140-141}} Angel, Beast, Iceman, Havok, and Polaris also made significant guest appearances.{{citation needed|date=November 2025}} Claremont introduced a significant non-mutant supporting character, [Moira MacTaggert](/source/Moira_MacTaggert), in issue #96; MacTaggert operates a genetic research facility on [Muir Island](/source/Muir_Island). Claremont became known for his strong female characters, sometimes called "Claremont Women."{{Sfn |Deman |2023 |p=22}} The series presents Storm and Phoenix as close friends, in a manner that scholar Ramzi Fawaz views as allegorical for alliances between liberal feminists and emerging [Black feminism](/source/Black_feminism).{{Sfn |Fawaz |2016 |pp=149-155}} 1977 presented a new [space opera](/source/space_opera) story line, "The Phoenix Saga", that particularly emphasizes the alliance of these two characters; Fawaz calls it "arguably the most canonical story line in ''The X-Men'''s publishing history."{{Sfn |Fawaz |2016 |p=155}} The story includes the [Shi'ar Empire](/source/Shi'ar_Empire), [Lilandra Neramani](/source/Lilandra_Neramani), and the [Starjammers](/source/Starjammers).{{Sfn |Fawaz |2016 |pp=155-156}} Beginning with issue #108 (December 1977), [John Byrne](/source/John_Byrne_(comics)) replaced Cockrum as the primary artist.{{Sfn |Sanderson |2022 |p=171}} Claremont and Byrne had previously collaborated on the ''[Iron Fist](/source/Iron_Fist_(character))'' and ''[Luke Cage](/source/Luke_Cage)'' series.{{Sfn |Wolk |2021 |p=141}} Their run met with critical acclaim,{{Sfn |Wolk |2021 |p=142}} and produced such landmark storylines as the introduction of [Alpha Flight](/source/Alpha_Flight) and the [Proteus](/source/Proteus_(Marvel_Comics)) saga.{{cite journal |last=Nickerson |first=Al |date=August 2008 |title=Claremont and Byrne: The Team that Made the X-Men Uncanny |journal=[Back Issue!](/source/Back_Issue!) |location=Raleigh, North Carolina |publisher=[TwoMorrows Publishing](/source/TwoMorrows_Publishing) |issue=29 |pages=3–12}} Other characters introduced during this time include [Amanda Sefton](/source/Amanda_Sefton) and [Mystique](/source/Mystique_(character)).{{citation needed|date=November 2025}} Wolverine is initially overshadowed by the other characters, although he creates tension in the team as he is attracted to Jean Grey, who is Cyclops' girlfriend.{{Sfn |Cowsill |2025 |p=27}} While Claremont considered writing Wolverine out of the series, Byrne advocated for his continuing inclusion, partly because the character is Canadian and this is also Byrne's nationality. Wolverine became increasingly developed and popular as a character, becoming the [breakout character](/source/breakout_character) on the team.{{Sfn |Wolk |2021 |pp=151-152}} ''X-Men'' #100 introduces the "fastball special", a combat maneuver in which the super-strong [Colossus](/source/Colossus_(character)) throws Wolverine at a distance as if he were a projectile weapon; this tactic recurs in many future battles.{{Sfn |Cowsill |2025 |p=16}} Stories of the late 1970s establish Wolverine's murky past and unstable nature, which he battles to keep in check.{{Sfn |Wolk |2021 |pp=151-152}} Wolverine's name was revealed as "Logan" in ''X-Men'' #103 (February 1977);{{Sfn |Cowsill |2025 |p=17}} ''X-Men'' #116 (December 1978) first introduces Wolverine's healing factor, and issue #124 (August 1979) first suggests that he has a reinforced skeleton.{{Sfn |Cowsill |2025 |p=23}} ===1980s=== The 1980s began with the comic's best-known story arc, the "[Dark Phoenix Saga](/source/The_Dark_Phoenix_Saga)", which saw Phoenix manipulated by Mastermind, now a member of the [Hellfire Club](/source/Hellfire_Club_(comics)),{{Sfn |Fawaz |2016 |pp=214-215}} and becoming corrupted with an overwhelming lust for power and destruction as the evil Dark Phoenix.{{Sfn |Wolk |2021 |pp=152}} The Hellfire Club also included the telepathic ''[femme fatale](/source/femme_fatale)'' [Emma Frost](/source/Emma_Frost), who became an increasingly significant character.{{Sfn |DeFalco |2022 |p=186}} The story results in the death of Jean Grey.{{Sfn |Wolk |2021 |pp=153}} The [disco](/source/disco) singer mutant, [Dazzler](/source/Dazzler_(Marvel_Comics)), previously introduced in her own miniseries, also appeared in the story and eventually joined the X-Men.{{Sfn |DeFalco |2022 |pp=186-87}} This story arc also introduces a new character, the exuberant young girl [Kitty Pryde](/source/Kitty_Pryde).{{Sfn |Wolk |2021 |p=154}} Thirteen years old, Pryde is Marvel's first canonically Jewish superhero.{{Sfn |Deman |2023 |p=53}} Immediately after, Claremont and Byrne created "[Days of Future Past](/source/Days_of_Future_Past)", in which Wolverine and Kitty Pryde experience a dystopian future for mutants.{{Sfn |Wolk |2021 |pp=154-156}} Byrne left the series shortly after its completion.{{Sfn |Wolk |2021 |p=156}} The [Morlocks](/source/Morlocks_(comics)), deformed mutants who live underground, first appear in ''The Uncanny X-Men'' #169 (May 1983).{{Sfn |DeFalco |2022 |p=218}} In 1983, Cyclops meets [Madelyne Pryor](/source/Madelyne_Pryor), eventually revealed as a clone of Jean Grey.{{Sfn |DeFalco |2022 |p=200}} Other important storylines include the saga of [Deathbird](/source/Deathbird) and the [Brood](/source/Brood_(comics)), the invasion of the Dire Wraiths and ''The Trial of Magneto!'', as well as ''[X-Men: God Loves, Man Kills](/source/X-Men%3A_God_Loves%2C_Man_Kills),'' the partial inspiration for [20th Century Fox](/source/20th_Century_Fox)'s film ''[X2: X-Men United](/source/X2_(film))'' (2003).{{cite magazine |last=Brown |first=Scott |date=May 9, 2003 |title=The Ne''X''t Level |url=https://ew.com/article/2003/05/02/ew-tracks-evolution-x2/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150512084027/http://www.ew.com/article/2003/05/02/ew-tracks-evolution-x2 |archive-date=May 12, 2015 |access-date=April 11, 2009 |magazine=Entertainment Weekly}} In this period, Claremont and Byrne particularly emphasized the theme that mutants are oppressed by human bigotry.{{Sfn |Wolk |2021 |p=147}} upright|thumb|''Uncanny X-Men'' #227 (March 1988) by Chris Claremont and Marc Silvestri By the early 1980s, ''X-Men'' was Marvel's top-selling comic title. Its sales were such that distributors and retailers began using an "X-Men index", rating each comic book publication by how many orders it garnered compared to that month's issue of ''X-Men''.{{cite news |last=O'Neill |first=Patrick Daniel |date=August 1993 |title=Hitting the Right Chord |work=[Wizard](/source/Wizard_(magazine)): X-Men Turn Thirty |pages=84–85}} The growing popularity of ''[Uncanny X-Men](/source/Uncanny_X-Men)'' led to the introduction of a number of ongoing spin-off series, such as the ongoing ''[New Mutants](/source/New_Mutants)'', about a younger adjunct team, which began in 1982.{{Sfn|Sanderson|2006|p=82}} As Fawaz puts it, "Unlike the X-Men, the New Mutants were brought together not for the purposes of an egalitarian peace-keeping mission but to learn the proper use of their powers, which they experienced as monstrous physical burdens threatening their own safety and that of their loved ones."{{Sfn |Fawaz |2016 |p=234}} He describes them as presenting the "most diverse cast of any mainstream superhero comic," including [Karma](/source/Karma_(character)) (Vietnamese), [Danielle Moonstar](/source/Danielle_Moonstar) (Cheyenne), [Sunspot](/source/Sunspot_(Marvel_Comics)) (Brazil), [Cannonball](/source/Cannonball_(Marvel_Comics)) (southern U.S.), and [Wolfsbane](/source/Wolfsbane_(character)) (Scotland), and [Magik](/source/Magik) (Russia).{{Sfn |Fawaz |2016 |pp=238-248}} In 1984, Claremont collaborated with [Bill Sienkiewicz](/source/Bill_Sienkiewicz) for the New Mutants' "Demon Bear Saga", which was critically acclaimed.{{Sfn |Fawaz |2016 |pp=256-264}} Spin-off miniseries included the first four-issue ''[Wolverine](/source/Wolverine_(comic_book))'' solo miniseries (September–December 1982), by Claremont and [Frank Miller](/source/Frank_Miller),{{Sfn |Cowsill |2025 |p=30}} as well as the following six-issue ''[Kitty Pryde and Wolverine](/source/Kitty_Pryde_and_Wolverine)'' by Claremont and [Al Milgrom](/source/Al_Milgrom) (Nov. 1984 – April 1985).{{Sfn |Cowsill |2025 |p=32}} Other miniseries included ''Storm and Illyana: Magik'' (1983) and ''X-Men and the Micronauts''.{{Sfn |Wolk |2021 |p=160}} In 1983, [Alpha Flight](/source/Alpha_Flight), a group of Canadian superheroes created by Byrne as Wolverine's original team, received their own ongoing series.{{Sfn |Sanderson |2022 |p=179}} Comics scholar Douglas Wolk describes autumn 1985 as the "peak of ''X-Men'''s world beating phase", when a single month produced the double-sized ''Uncanny X-Men'' #200, the two-part miniseries ''X-Men/Alpha Flight'', an X-Men Annual, a New Mutants Special Edition, and Heroes for Hope, a fundraiser for relief of the [1983-1985 famine in Ethiopia](/source/1983-1985_famine_in_Ethiopia). The following year, a new series began, resurrecting Jean Grey and re-uniting the original X-Men under the name ''[X-Factor](/source/X-Factor_(comics))''. The series was initially written by [Bob Layton](/source/Bob_Layton), without Claremont's participation.{{Sfn |Wolk |2021 |p=162}} In a controversial move, [Professor X](/source/Professor_X) relocated to outer space to be with [Lilandra Neramani](/source/Lilandra_Neramani), Majestrix of the [Shi'ar](/source/Shi'ar) empire, in 1986. Magneto then joined the X-Men in Xavier's place and became the director of the New Mutants.{{Sfn |Brownfield |2025 |p=75}} The Darwinian villain [Apocalypse](/source/Apocalypse_(character)) first appeared in ''X-Factor'' #6 (July 1986).{{Sfn |DeFalco |2022 |p=217}} [Longshot](/source/Longshot_(Marvel_Comics)) who had been first introduced in his own miniseries the previous year, joined the X-Men in Annual #10 (1986).{{Sfn |DeFalco |2022 |p=212}} Longshot came from another dimension called the Mojoverse, ruled by a mad dictator obsessed with TV named [Mojo](/source/Mojo_(comics)), who also became a recurrent adversary of the X-Men.{{Sfn |DeFalco |2022 |p=213}} When Claremont conceived a story arc in 1986, the "[Mutant Massacre](/source/Mutant_Massacre)", which was too long to run in the monthly ''X-Men'', editor [Louise Simonson](/source/Louise_Simonson) decided to have it overlap into several X-Books. In the story, many of the Morlocks are slaughtered by new villains, the [Marauders](/source/Marauders_(comics)).{{Sfn |DeFalco |2022 |p=218}} The story line brought [Sabretooth](/source/Sabretooth_(character)) into conflict with the X-Men and particularly Wolverine.{{Sfn |Cowsill |2025 |pp=38-40}} The story was a major financial success.{{cite news |last=Grant |first=Paul J. |date=August 1993 |title=Poor Dead Doug, and Other Mutant Memories |work=[Wizard](/source/Wizard_(magazine)): X-Men Turn Thirty |pages=66–69}} In 1987, Claremont wrote a new crossover, "[The Fall of the Mutants](/source/The_Fall_of_the_Mutants)", in which the team appears to have been killed but actually relocates to Australia. In the course of the story, Angel has his wings removed; Apocalyapse turns him into a cyborg and replaces them with new mechanical wings, and he takes on the name "Archangel."{{Sfn |DeFalco |2022 |p=224}} Over the next years, the main title had multiple disconnected protagonists. Sales began to decline.{{Sfn |Wolk |2021 |p=164}} The success of the [crossovers](/source/fictional_crossover) ''Mutant Massacre'' and ''The Fall of Mutants'' in countering these flagging sales led the editors to decide internally that multi-title crossover stories would appear annually.{{cite news |last=O'Neill |first=Patrick Daniel |date=August 1993 |title=The Future is Now |work=[Wizard](/source/Wizard_(magazine)): X-Men Turn Thirty |pages=12–25}} [Mister Sinister](/source/Mister_Sinister), another villain fixated on Darwinism like Apocalypse, first appeared in ''The Uncanny X-Men'' #221 (1987). Marvel launched an ongoing ''Wolverine'' title written by Claremont with art by [John Buscema](/source/John_Buscema) in November 1988.{{Sfn |Cowsill |2025 |pp=41-47}} ''Uncanny X-Men'' #235 (October 1988) introduces the oppressive nation of [Genosha](/source/Genosha), an allegory for [apartheid](/source/apartheid) in [South Africa](/source/South_Africa).{{Sfn |DeFalco |2022 |p=226}} 1989 saw the publication of the [Inferno](/source/Inferno_(Marvel_Comics)) crossover, in which the X-Men struggle to rescue Magik from demonic forces.{{Sfn |Fawaz |2016 |pp=264-266}} ''The Uncanny X-Men'' #244 (May 1989) introduces [Jubilee](/source/Jubilee_(character)), a Chinese American teenager, to the X-Men team. [Marc Silvestri](/source/Marc_Silvestri) became one of the most prominent artists for the series in the late 1980s.{{Sfn |DeFalco |2022 |p=229}} In the Claremont era, [Storm](/source/Storm_(Marvel_Comics)) is the most prominent character and the main protagonist.{{Sfn |Deman |2023 |p=35}} The shapeshifter [Mystique](/source/Mystique_(character)) is the most commonly appearing villain of the period.{{Sfn |Wolk |2021 |p=149}}{{Sfn |Deman |2023 |p=19}} Other new additions to the X-Men during this time were [Rogue](/source/Rogue_(Marvel_Comics)),{{Sfn |Deman |2023 |p=54}} [Psylocke](/source/Betsy_Braddock),{{Sfn |Deman |2023 |p=55}} and [Forge](/source/Forge_(character)).{{Sfn |Cebulski |2024 |p=159}} *X-Men ** ''[Uncanny X-Men](/source/Uncanny_X-Men),'' vol. 1 (flagship) – a team of young mutants with superhuman abilities led and taught by Professor X (1963–1970); the team expanded when Xavier recruited mutants from around the world (1975–1985); a reformed Magneto became the headmaster after Xavier had left Earth (1985–1988); the team later relocated to the Australian Outback after the events of ''The'' ''Fall of the Mutants'' (1988–1989). ** ''[X-Factor](/source/X-Factor_(comic_book)),'' vol. 1 – the Original Five set up a business advertised as mutant-hunters for hire, and secretly trained the captured mutants to control their powers and reintegrate them into society (1986–1991).{{Sfn |Brownfield |2025 |pp=106-108}} ** [''Excalibur''](/source/Excalibur_(comic_book)), vol. 1 – Nightcrawler, Shadowcat and Rachel Grey teamed up with Captain Britain and Meggan to form a group of mutants based in Europe after the apparent death of the X-Men during ''The Fall of the Mutants'' (1988–1992).{{Sfn |Brownfield |2025 |pp=109-111}} * X-Men in Training ** ''[New Mutants](/source/The_New_Mutants_(comic_book)),'' vol. 1 – a group of teenaged students of the School for Gifted Youngsters gathered by Professor X.{{Sfn |Brownfield |2025 |pp=100-102}} *Other Teams ** ''[Alpha Flight](/source/Alpha_Flight_(comic_book)),'' vol. 1 – Canada's premiere team of super-heroes organized under the auspices of the Canadian government's Department H.{{Sfn |Brownfield |2025 |pp=106}} === 1990s === [Gambit](/source/Gambit_(Marvel_Comics)) first appeared ''Uncanny X-Men'' #266 (Aug. 1990) and became one of the most popular X-Men of the decade, also pursuing a romance with Rogue.{{Sfn |Manning |2022 |p=236}} The "[X-Tinction Agenda](/source/X-Men%3A_X-Tinction_Agenda)" crossover took place in 1990, featuring artists [Jim Lee](/source/Jim_Lee), [Rob Liefeld](/source/Rob_Liefeld), and [Jon Bogdanove](/source/Jon_Bogdanove).{{Sfn |Manning |2022 |p=239}} In August 1991, the ''New Mutants'' title was cancelled and replaced by ''[X-Force](/source/X-Force)'', a best-selling title written and illustrated by Liefeld. In this series, the New Mutants join a more militant team led by a mysterious cyborg, [Cable](/source/Cable_(character)).{{Sfn |Manning |2022 |p=242}} [[File:12.5.19JimLeeXMenV2HCByLuigiNovi2.jpg|thumb|Artist [Jim Lee](/source/Jim_Lee) signing a hardcover collected edition of his work on ''X-Men'' (Vol 2) at [Midtown Comics](/source/Midtown_Comics) in Manhattan]] In October 1991, Marvel revised the entire lineup of X-Men comic book titles, centered on the launch of a second X-Men series, simply titled ''[X-Men](/source/X-Men%3A_Legacy)''. Initially written by Claremont and illustrated by Jim Lee, the first issue of this series is the highest selling comic book issue in history, selling more than eight million copies.{{Sfn |Richau |Wiacek |2025 |p=114}} Retailers pre-ordered over 8.1 million copies of issue #1, generating and selling nearly $7 million (though retailers probably sold closer to 3 million copies),{{cite web |date=May 9, 2011 |title=My Monthly Curse by Phill Hall No. 9 – Taking Apart a Guinness World Record |url=http://www.bleedingcool.com/?p=77678 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120629200733/http://www.bleedingcool.com/?p=77678 |archive-date=June 29, 2012 |access-date=May 10, 2011 |publisher=Bleeding Cool}} making it, according to [Guinness Book of World Records](/source/Guinness_Book_of_World_Records), the best-selling comic book of all time. Guinness presented honors to Claremont at the 2010 [San Diego Comic-Con](/source/San_Diego_Comic-Con).Morse, Ben (August 10, 2010). [http://marvel.com/news/comicstories.13598.sdcc_2010~colon~_marvel_breaks_world_record "SDCC 2010: Marvel Breaks World Record"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100818014508/http://marvel.com/news/comicstories.13598.sdcc_2010~colon~_marvel_breaks_world_record |date=August 18, 2010}}, ''[Marvel.com](/source/Marvel.com)''.Johnson, Rich. [http://www.bleedingcool.com/2010/07/22/x-men-1-the-guinness-world-record-best-selling-comic-of-all-time/ "X-Men #1 The Guinness World Record Best Selling Comic Of All Time?"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131016033714/http://www.bleedingcool.com/2010/07/22/x-men-1-the-guinness-world-record-best-selling-comic-of-all-time/ |date=October 16, 2013 }}. [Bleeding Cool](/source/Bleeding_Cool). July 22, 2010.Cantor, Michael (Producer); [Schreiber, Liev](/source/Schreiber%2C_Liev) (Narrator) ''Superheroes: A Never-Ending Battle''. [PBS](/source/PBS). October 15, 2013. With the return of Xavier and the original X-Men to the team, the roster was split into two strike forces: Cyclops's "Blue Team" (chronicled in ''X-Men'') and Storm's "Gold Team" (in ''The Uncanny X-Men'').Sean Howe, ''Marvel Comics: The Untold Story'', Harper-Collins, 2012, p. 325. A new character, [Bishop](/source/Bishop_(Marvel_Comics)), a soldier from another dystopian future, soon joined the Gold Team.{{Sfn |Manning |2022 |p=243}} Internal friction soon split the X-books' creative teams. In a controversial move, X-Men editor [Bob Harras](/source/Bob_Harras) sided with Lee (and ''Uncanny X-Men'' artist [Whilce Portacio](/source/Whilce_Portacio)) over Claremont in a dispute over plotting.{{Cite journal |last=O'Neill |first=Patrick Daniel |date=October 1991 |title=X Marks the Spot: Chris Claremont and Marvel's Mutants |url=http://www.comixfan.com/xfan/forums/showthread.php?s=478b767126648d6da12d3950a8ca18f8&t=45721 |url-status=usurped |journal=Wizard |issue=2 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190216153244/http://www.comixfan.com/xfan/forums/showthread.php?s=478b767126648d6da12d3950a8ca18f8&t=45721 |archive-date=February 16, 2019 |access-date=April 20, 2009}} Claremont left after only three issues of ''X-Men'', ending his 16-year run as ''X-Men'' writer.{{Sfn |Wolk |2021 |p=164}} At the time of his departure, he was the longest-running author of the series.{{cite web |date=July 17, 2000 |title=The X-Men Files |url=https://nymag.com/nymetro/arts/features/3522 |website=NYMag.com}} Marvel replaced Claremont briefly with [John Byrne](/source/John_Byrne_(comics)), who scripted both books for a few issues. Byrne was then replaced by [Fabian Nicieza](/source/Fabian_Nicieza) and [Scott Lobdell](/source/Scott_Lobdell), who would take over the majority of writing duties for the X-Men until Lee's own departure months later when he and several other popular artists (including former X-title artists Liefeld, Portacio, and [Marc Silvestri](/source/Marc_Silvestri)) would leave Marvel to form [Image Comics](/source/Image_Comics). Jim Lee's designs would be the basis for much of ''[X-Men: The Animated Series](/source/X-Men%3A_The_Animated_Series)''.Avila, Mike. ''Wolverine: Creating Marvel's Legendary Mutant''. Insight Comics, 2021. p.82 Lobdell and Nicieza, along with [Peter David](/source/Peter_David), wrote a new crossover series with artists such as [Brandon Peterson](/source/Brandon_Peterson), [Jae Lee](/source/Jae_Lee), [Andy Kubert](/source/Andy_Kubert), and [Greg Capullo](/source/Greg_Capullo), centered on battles with Cable's clone, [Stryfe](/source/Stryfe). The story revealed that Cable is actually the son of Cyclops and Madelyne Pryor, who grew to adulthood in an alternate future and returned to the present by means of time travel.{{Sfn |Manning |2022 |p=247}} The "[Fatal Attractions](/source/Fatal_Attractions_(comics))" crossover in late 1993 concerned the return of Magneto, who ripped out Wolverine's [adamantium](/source/adamantium) skeleton, leading to his taking a leave of absence from the team.{{Sfn |Cowsill |2025 |p=66}} Gambit also appeared in his own miniseries, beginning in November 1993.{{Sfn |Manning |2022 |p=251}} Cyclops and Jean Grey got married in ''X-Men'' #30 (March 1994).{{Sfn |Manning |2022 |p=255}} In November 1994, a next generation of students began with ''[Generation X](/source/Generation_X_(comics))'', featuring Jubilee and other teenage mutants led and schooled by [Banshee](/source/Banshee_(character)) and ex-villainess [Emma Frost](/source/Emma_Frost) at her [Massachusetts Academy](/source/Massachusetts_Academy_(comics)).{{Sfn |Manning |2022 |p=256}} Rogue also starred in her own miniseries, beginning in January 1995.{{Sfn |Manning |2022 |p=258}} 1995 saw "[Age of Apocalypse](/source/Age_of_Apocalypse)", a massive crossover in which all the X-Men related titles were temporarily cancelled and replaced by new miniseries taking place in a dystopian future, recalling the earlier ''Days of Future Past'' series.{{Sfn |Wolk |2021 |pp=166-167}} This was followed by "[Onslaught](/source/Onslaught_(Marvel_Comics))" in 1996,{{Sfn |Manning |2022 |p=263}} "[Operation: Zero Tolerance](/source/Operation%3A_Zero_Tolerance)" in 1997,{{Sfn |Manning |2022 |p=267}} "[The Hunt for Xavier](/source/The_Hunt_for_Xavier)" in 1998, "The Magneto War" in 1999, "[Apocalypse: The Twelve](/source/Apocalypse%3A_The_Twelve)" / "[Ages of Apocalypse](/source/Ages_of_Apocalypse)" in 2000 and "[Eve of Destruction](/source/X-Men%3A_Eve_of_Destruction)" in 2001. Though the frequent crossovers were criticized by fans as well as editorial and creative staff for being artificially regular, disruptive to the direction of the individual series, and having far less lasting impact than promised, they continued to be financially successful. *X-Men ** ''[Uncanny X-Men](/source/Uncanny_X-Men),'' vol. 1 (flagship) – initially featured the Gold Team strike force led by Storm (1991–1995); later featured a team of X-Men recruited by Gladiator to defend the Shi'ar empire against the Phalanx (1997); the Gold and Blue strike force merged to face new threats including Onslaught, Dark Beast, Shadow King and Magneto (1997–2000). The title is replaced by ''Astonishing X-Men'' during the ''Age of Apocalypse'' event. ** ''[X-Men](/source/X-Men_vol._2),'' vol. 2 – initially featured the Blue Team strike force led by Cyclops (1991–1995); later featured a new core group consisting of Cannonball, Cyclops, Jean Grey, Storm and Wolverine took on [Sebastian Shaw](/source/Sebastian_Shaw_(character)) and [Bastion](/source/Bastion_(comics)) during the events of Operation: Zero Tolerance (1997); members of the ''Excalibur'' team joined the combined Gold and Blue strike force (1997–2000). The title is replaced by ''Amazing X-Men'' during the ''Age of Apocalypse'' event.{{Sfn |Brownfield |2025 |pp=113-115}} ** [''X-Force''](/source/X-Force_(comic_book)), vol. 1 – Cable re-organized the New Mutants into the para-military mutant strike team (1991–1995); the team move in with the X-Men at the X-Mansion and effectively become the X-Men's junior team (1995–1997); the team later move to San Francisco to set up a new headquarter (1997–2001). The title is replaced by ''Gambit & the X-Ternals'' during the ''Age of Apocalypse'' event.{{Sfn |Brownfield |2025 |pp=111-112}} * X-Men in Training ** ''[Generation X](/source/Generation_X_(comic_book)),'' vol. 1 – students at the Massachusetts Academy mentored by Banshee and the former villain White Queen (1994–2001). The title is replaced by ''Generation Next'' during the ''Age of Apocalypse'' event.{{Sfn |Brownfield |2025 |pp=115-118}} * Other Teams ** ''[X-Factor](/source/X-Factor_(comic_book))'', vol. 1 – the new team worked for the Pentagon replacing Freedom Force as the government-sponsored team (1991–1997); Forge later leads the mutant team as an underground government strike force (1997–1998). The title is replaced by ''Factor X'' during the ''Age of Apocalypse'' event. ** ''[Excalibur](/source/Excalibur_(comic_book))'', vol. 1 – the British team expanded and stays with Moira, making Muir Island their new base (1992–1998). The title is replaced by ''X-Calibre'' during the ''Age of Apocalypse'' event. ===2000s === Sales for the comics had declined at the turn of the century, at the same time that the film series had rekindled interest in the X-Men.{{Sfn |Manning |2022 |p=288}} ''[Ultimate X-Men](/source/Ultimate_X-Men)'', written by [Mark Millar](/source/Mark_Millar) and illustrated by [Andy Kubert](/source/Andy_Kubert) and [Adam Kubert](/source/Adam_Kubert) began in February 2001. The series took place in an alternate version of the Marvel Universe, co-existing with ''[Ultimate Spider-Man](/source/Ultimate_Spider-Man)''. The reboot imagined many of the primary characters as teenagers.{{Sfn |Manning |2022 |p=286}} In July of the same year, ''X-Men'' had its title changed to ''[New X-Men](/source/New_X-Men_(2001_series))'' and writer [Grant Morrison](/source/Grant_Morrison) took over. Morrison made drastic changes, beginning with "[E Is For Extinction](/source/E_Is_For_Extinction)", where a new villain, [Cassandra Nova](/source/Cassandra_Nova), destroys [Genosha](/source/Genosha), killing sixteen million mutants. Morrison also brought reformed ex-villain [Emma Frost](/source/Emma_Frost) into the primary X-Men team, and opened the doors of the school by having Xavier "out" himself to the public about being a mutant. Jean Grey was again killed off.{{Sfn |Wolk |2021 |p=167}} The bright spandex costumes that had become iconic over the previous decades were replaced by black leather street clothes reminiscent of the uniforms of the ''[X-Men](/source/X-Men_(film_series))'' films. Morrison also introduced [Xorn](/source/Xorn), who would figure prominently in the climax of his run. In the same month, ''X-Force'' was revamped under indie comics writers [Peter Milligan](/source/Peter_Milligan) and [Mike Allred](/source/Mike_Allred); the series was absurdist, darkly comic, and critically acclaimed, but met with a mixed reaction from fans. The entire line-up of the group was replaced, with [Doop](/source/Doop_(character)) the most notable new character. In September, the series changed its name to [X-Statix](/source/X-Statix).{{Sfn |Manning |2022 |p=295}} Another series, ''[Exiles](/source/Exiles_(comic_book))'', also began in July.{{Sfn |Manning |2022 |p=288}} The ''Cable'' title also changed its name, to ''Soldier X''.{{Sfn |Manning |2022 |p=295}} [Chuck Austen](/source/Chuck_Austen) began his controversial run on ''[Uncanny X-Men](/source/Uncanny_X-Men)''. In 2000, Claremont returned to Marvel and was put back on the primary X-Men titles during the [Revolution](/source/Revolution_(2000_comic_book)) revamp. He was later removed from the titles in 2001 and created his spin-off series, ''[X-Treme X-Men](/source/X-Treme_X-Men)''. Several short-lived spin-offs and miniseries started featuring several X-Men in solo series, such as ''Emma Frost'', ''Mystique'', ''Cyclops'', ''Iceman'', ''[Blink](/source/Blink_(character))'', ''[Chamber](/source/Chamber_(character))'', ''[Mekanix](/source/Mekanix)'' (featuring Kitty Pryde), and ''Nightcrawler''. Notable additions to the X-Men in the early '00s were [Emma Frost](/source/Emma_Frost),{{Sfn |Brownfield |2025 |p=168}} [Danielle Moonstar](/source/Danielle_Moonstar), [Husk](/source/Husk_(comics)) and [Northstar](/source/Northstar_(character)) while former villain [Juggernaut](/source/Juggernaut_(character)) became member of the X-Men. Notable story arcs of this era are "[E Is For Extinction](/source/E_Is_For_Extinction)" (2001), "[Planet X](/source/Planet_X_(comics))" and "[Here Comes Tomorrow](/source/Here_Comes_Tomorrow)". In July 2004, [Joss Whedon](/source/Joss_Whedon), creator of the hit television show ''[Buffy the Vampire Slayer](/source/Buffy_the_Vampire_Slayer)'', became the writer of the new title ''[Astonishing X-Men](/source/Astonishing_X-Men)'', with [John Cassaday](/source/John_Cassaday) as artist. The series returned the characters to their traditional superhero costumes.{{Sfn |Manning |2022 |p=304}} Chris Claremont moved from writing ''[X-Treme X-Men](/source/X-Treme_X-Men)'' to writing ''Uncanny X-Men'', with Alan Davis doing the art. Chuck Austen moved from writing ''Uncanny X-Men'' to ''New X-Men'', which returned to its old name of simply ''X-Men'', with [Salvador Larroca](/source/Salvador_Larroca), who had been working with him on ''Uncanny X-Men'' doing the art. ''X-Treme X-Men'' was cancelled. ''[X-Statix](/source/X-Statix)'' ended in October 2004. Also, the X-Men returned to more traditional (if not slightly revised) costumes, as opposed to the black leather uniforms from the movies. ''[New X-Men: Academy X](/source/New_X-Men_(2004_series))'' was also launched focusing on the lives of the new young mutants at the institute. This period included the resurrections of [Colossus](/source/Colossus_(character)) and [Psylocke](/source/Psylocke), a new death for [Jean Grey](/source/Jean_Grey), who later returned temporarily in the ''[X-Men: Phoenix - Endsong](/source/X-Men%3A_Phoenix_-_Endsong)'', as well as [Emma Frost](/source/Emma_Frost) becoming the new headmistress of the institute. August 2005 began the [House of M](/source/House_of_M) crossover, written by [Brian Michael Bendis](/source/Brian_Michael_Bendis).{{Sfn |Manning |2022 |p=308}} In January 2006, the outcome of the story was that Scarlet Witch manipulated reality to [depower](/source/Decimation_(comics)) 98% of the mutant population.{{Sfn |Manning |2022 |p=312}} The institute, formerly run as a school, served as a safe haven to mutants who are still powered.{{Cite web |title=Xavier Institute (Location) |url=https://comicvine.gamespot.com/xavier-institute-for-higher-learning/4020-41138/ |access-date=2026-04-17 |website=Comic Vine |language=en}} Several short-lived spin-offs and miniseries started featuring several X-Men in solo series, such as ''Nightcrawler'', ''Jubilee'', ''Madrox'', ''[X-23](/source/X-23)'', [''Gambit''](/source/Gambit_(Marvel_Comics)) and [''Rogue''](/source/Rogue_(Marvel_Comics)). [''Cable''](/source/Cable_(character)) and ''[Deadpool](/source/Deadpool)''{{'s}} books were merged into one book, ''[Cable & Deadpool](/source/Cable_%26_Deadpool)''. Notable additions to the X-Men have been [Armor](/source/Armor_(Marvel_Comics_character)), [Pixie](/source/Pixie_(X-Men)) and [Warpath](/source/Warpath_(character)),{{Sfn |Brownfield |2025 |pp=168-169}} while former villains such as [Lady Mastermind](/source/Lady_Mastermind), [Mystique](/source/Mystique_(character)), and [Sabretooth](/source/Sabretooth_(character)) became members of the X-Men. Notable story arcs of this decade are "[Gifted](/source/Gifted_(comics))" (2004), "[House of M](/source/House_of_M)" (2005), "[Deadly Genesis](/source/X-Men%3A_Deadly_Genesis)" (2005–2006),{{Sfn |Brownfield |2025 |pp=160-161}} "[Decimation](/source/Decimation_(comics))" (2006) and "[Endangered Species](/source/X-Men%3A_Endangered_Species)" (2007). The X-Men were also involved in the "[Civil War](/source/Civil_War_(comics))" and "[World War Hulk](/source/World_War_Hulk)" storylines. In September 2006, Storm married [Black Panther](/source/Black_Panther_(character)).{{Sfn |Manning |2022 |p=315}} In 2007, the "[Messiah Complex](/source/X-Men%3A_Messiah_Complex)" storyline saw the destruction of the Xavier Institute and the disbanding of the X-Men. It spun the new volume of ''Cable'', following Cable's attempts at protecting [Hope Summers](/source/Hope_Summers_(character)).{{Sfn |Brownfield |2025 |pp=163-164}} ''X-Men'' was renamed into ''X-Men: Legacy'' which focused on Professor X, Rogue, and Gambit. Under Cyclops's leadership, the X-Men later reformed in ''Uncanny X-Men'' #500, with their new base located in San Francisco.{{Sfn |Brownfield |2025 |pp=164-165}} In April 2008, a new X-Force series was launched, now led by Wolverine.{{Sfn |Manning |2022 |p=323}} Joss Whedon's run of ''Astonishing X-Men'' ended in July 2008.{{Sfn |Manning |2022 |p=324}} In 2009, "[Messiah War](/source/Messiah_War)," written by [Craig Kyle](/source/Craig_Kyle) and [Chris Yost](/source/Chris_Yost) to serve as the second part in the trilogy that began with "Messiah Complex," was released. ''[Utopia](/source/Utopia_(comics))'', written by Matt Fraction, was a crossover of [Dark Avengers](/source/Dark_Avengers) and Uncanny X-Men that served as a part of the "[Dark Reign](/source/Dark_Reign_(comics))" storyline. A new ''[New Mutants](/source/New_Mutants)'' volume written by Zeb Wells, which featured the more prominent members of the original team reunited, was launched. Magneto joined the X-Men during the [Nation X](/source/Nation_X) storyline to the dismay of other members of the X-Men, such as Beast, who left the team.''Uncanny X-Men'' #519 Magneto began to work with Namor to transform Utopia into a homeland for both mutants and Atlanteans.''Uncanny X-Men'' #520 After the conclusion of ''Utopia'', [Rogue](/source/Rogue_(Marvel_Comics)) became the main character of ''X-Men: Legacy''. Several short-lived miniseries started featuring several X-Men in solo series, such as ''Daken'', ''Cable'', ''Psylocke'', ''Namor: The First Mutant'' and ''X-23''. Notable additions to the X-Men have been [Pixie](/source/Pixie_(X-Men)), [Karma](/source/Karma_(character)), [Sunspot](/source/Sunspot_(Marvel_Comics)), [Magma](/source/Magma_(character)), [Magik](/source/Magik), [Namor](/source/Namor), [Domino](/source/Domino_(character)), [Boom Boom](/source/Tabitha_Smith), [Fantomex](/source/Fantomex) and [X-23](/source/X-23). Other notable story arcs of the late '00s are "[Divided We Stand](/source/X-Men%3A_Divided_We_Stand)" (2008), "[Manifest Destiny](/source/X-Men%3A_Manifest_Destiny)" (2008–2009), "[X-Infernus](/source/X-Infernus)", "[Utopia](/source/Utopia_(comics))" (2009), "[Nation X](/source/Nation_X)" (2009–2010), "[Necrosha](/source/Necrosha)" (2009), "[Curse of the Mutants](/source/Curse_of_the_Mutants)" (2010–2011), and "[Age of X](/source/Age_of_X)" (2011). The X-Men were also involved in the "[Secret Invasion](/source/Secret_Invasion)", "[War of Kings](/source/War_of_Kings)", "[Siege](/source/Siege_(comics))", "[Chaos War](/source/Chaos_War)" and "[Fear Itself](/source/Fear_Itself_(comics))" storylines. * X-Men ** ''[New X-Men](/source/New_X-Men_(2001_series)),'' vol. 1 (flagship) – The X-Men took in dozens of students expanding the school from a training center to a legitimate school (2001–2004). ** ''[Uncanny X-Men](/source/Uncanny_X-Men),'' vol. 1 – Nightcrawler and Angel co-lead the X-Men's primary field team to face new threat (2001–2004). ** ''[X-Treme X-Men](/source/X-Treme_X-Men),'' vol. 1 – Storm formed a globe-trotting team to hunt down missing copies of the Destiny's Diaries (2001–2004). ** ''[Astonishing X-Men](/source/Astonishing_X-Men),'' vol. 3 (flagship) – Cyclops leads the team of X-Men and they start presenting themselves as superheroes again. ** ''[Uncanny X-Men](/source/Uncanny_X-Men),'' vol. 1 – Storm and her team continued operating as officially sanctioned mutant law enforcers (2004–2006); post ''Deadly Genesis'', it featured Xavier taking a team to space to hunt Vulcan when he seeks [vengeance on the Shi'ar empire](/source/Vulcan_(Marvel_Comics)) (2006–2007); the team returned to Earth to fight a group of rogue Morlocks (2007). ** ''[X-Men](/source/X-Men_Legacy),'' vol. 2 – Havok led a new field team consisting of Polaris, Iceman, Rogue, Gambit, Wolverine and Juggernaut (2004–2006); later featured Rogue assembling a rapid response team featuring the most dangerous X-Men former villains (2006–2007). ** ''[Uncanny X-Men](/source/Uncanny_X-Men),'' vol. 1 (flagship) – The X-Men open their new base in San Francisco and invite the world's mutant to join them (2008–2009); Cyclops later decided to move the mutant population to Utopia and off U.S. soil to avoid further persecution by the government (2009–2011). ** ''[X-Men Legacy](/source/X-Men_Legacy),'' vol. 1 – featured Professor X's road to recovery as well as the encounters he faced during Messiah CompleX (2008–2009); later featured Rogue as mentor to the younger mutants under the protection of the X-Men on Utopia (2009–2011). ** ''[New Mutants](/source/The_New_Mutants_(comic_book))'', vol. 3 – the original team is reunited to form a new field team for the X-Men. ** ''[Astonishing X-Men](/source/Astonishing_X-Men),'' vol. 3 – the X-Men serve as protectors of San Francisco City. ** ''[X-Men](/source/X-Men_(comic_book))'', vol. 3 – featured team-ups between characters of X-Men and other superheroes such as Blade, Spider-Man, Ghost Rider and the Future Foundation. * X-Men in Training ** ''[New Mutants](/source/The_New_Mutants_(comic_book)),'' vol. 2 – features a new group of teenage mutants attending the Xavier Institute. ** ''New X-Men: Academy X'' – the school is rebuilt after Xorn's attack and Emma Frost and Cyclops are named headmasters, organizing the student body into different squads who train together. *** ''[New X-Men](/source/New_X-Men_(2004_series))'', vol. 2 – After ''House of M'' and ''Decimation'', Emma Frost disbanded all former training squads and integrated those students she deemed capable of combat to a new team. ** ''[Young X-Men](/source/Young_X-Men)'' – a group of young mutants tricked by Donald Pierce disguised as Cyclops. ** ''[Generation Hope](/source/Hope_Summers_(character))'' – Hope leads a new team, consisting of five new mutants ("five lights") that appeared on Cerebro after she manifested her powers. * Other Teams ** ''[Exiles](/source/Exiles_(comic_book))'', vol. 1 – a revolving team roster from different realities, which have been removed from time and space, employed by the [Timebroker](/source/Timebroker) to fix broken realities. Later the team learned the true nature of the Timebroker and later traveled through different realities to chase Proteus. ** ''[X-Statix](/source/X-Statix) –'' featured a group of young mutants marketed to be media superstars. ** ''[NYX](/source/NYX_(2003_series))'' – featured a group of teenage mutants as they attempt to survive on the streets of New York City. ** ''Weapon X,'' vol. 2 – featured The Underground, a group assembled by Cable to oppose the activities of the third installment of the Weapon X Project. Later featuring Wolverine, Fantomex and Agent Zero quest to find the recently revived John Sublime. ** ''[Excalibur](/source/Excalibur_(comic_book))'', vol. 3 – Professor X and Magneto formed a team to rebuild the devastated mutant nation of Genosha. ** ''[X-Factor](/source/X-Factor_(comic_book))'', vol. 3 – a mutant detective agency founded by Madrox based on Mutant Town. ** ''New Excalibur'' – After ''Decimation'', Captain Britain brings together a new team of Excalibur as the British government decided to become more pro-active with metahuman affairs. ** ''[District X](/source/District_X) –'' Bishop is assigned to the Mutant Town to investigate rising crime rates. ** ''[X-Force](/source/X-Force_(comic_book))'', vol. 2 – Cable re-assembles the team to stop an immortal creature called Skornn. ** ''[X-Force](/source/X-Force_(comic_book)),'' vol. 3 – Wolverine leads a more militaristic black-ops branch of the X-Men. ** ''[X-Factor](/source/X-Factor_(comic_book))'', vol. 3 – the agency briefly moved to Detroit, Michigan and expanded to include several new partners. ** ''Exiles'', vol. 2 – a new team of heroes are brought together by [Morph](/source/Changeling_(Marvel_Comics_character)), acting as the new Timebroker. ===Early 2010s=== In 2010, "[Second Coming](/source/X-Men%3A_Second_Coming)" concluded the plot threads on ''Messiah Complex'' and ''Messiah War''.{{Sfn |Brownfield |2025 |p=173}} Nightcrawler died in ''X-Force'' #26 (June 2010).{{Sfn |Manning |2022 |p=337}} In 2011, the aftermath of the "[X-Men: Schism](/source/X-Men%3A_Schism)" storyline led to the fallout between Wolverine and Cyclops.{{Sfn |Brownfield |2025 |p=176}} During the "[Regenesis](/source/X-Men%3A_Regenesis)" storyline, Wolverine's team was featured in a new flagship series titled ''[Wolverine and the X-Men](/source/Wolverine_and_the_X-Men_(comics))'', Wolverine rebuilt the original X-Mansion and named it the [Jean Grey School for Higher Learning](/source/X-Mansion). Meanwhile, Uncanny X-Men relaunched for the first time ever and served as the flagship title for Cyclops' Team. In 2012 "[Avengers vs. X-Men](/source/Avengers_vs._X-Men)" served as a closure to the "House of M" and "Decimation" storylines. It featured the death of Professor X and the reappearance of new mutants after the return of the Phoenix Force.{{Sfn |Brownfield |2025 |pp=178-183}} Several short-lived miniseries started featuring several X-Men in solo series, such as ''Storm'', ''Gambit'' and ''Magneto: Not a Hero'' (featuring Magneto and Joseph). Notable additions to the X-Men were Warbird and [Blink](/source/Blink_(character)). In 2012, as part of the [Marvel NOW!](/source/Marvel_NOW!) relaunch, all X-Men titles (except ''Astonishing X-Men'' & ''Wolverine and the X-Men'') were canceled, including ''Uncanny X-Men'', ''X-Men: Legacy'', ''[X-Men](/source/X-Men_(comic_book_series))'' and ''[New Mutants](/source/New_Mutants)''. New flagship title ''[All-New X-Men](/source/All-New_X-Men)'' was launched which featured the original five X-Men members who were brought to the present day by Beast and were made a separate team led eventually by Kitty.{{Sfn |Brownfield |2025 |pp=183-186}} The relaunched ''Uncanny X-Men'' featured Cyclops, his team and the new mutants, taking up residency in the [Weapon X](/source/Weapon_X) facility, which they have rebuilt into a school — the New Charles Xavier School for Mutants. An all female book titled simply ''X-Men'' was also launched. During [All-New Marvel Now!](/source/Marvel_NOW!), ''Astonishing X-Men'' was cancelled and in its place another flagship title ''[Amazing X-Men](/source/Amazing_X-Men)'' was launched which featured the return of Nightcrawler and became the flagship title of Wolverine's team. Also, ''Wolverine and the X-Men'' was relaunched and turned into mutants-in-training book. In 2013, for the 50th anniversary of the X-Men, "[Battle of the Atom](/source/Battle_of_the_Atom)" was published which involved members of both X-Men schools trying to decide what to do about the time-displaced original X-Men, culminating in a confrontation with a version of the Brotherhood and the X-Men from an unspecified future date.{{Sfn |Brownfield |2025 |pp=185-186}} In 2014, Wolverine was killed off in the "[Death of Wolverine](/source/Death_of_Wolverine)" story arc, as the conclusion of a storyline that saw him lose his healing factor after he was infected by an intelligent virus.{{Sfn |Brownfield |2025 |p=186}} Several short-lived miniseries started featuring several X-Men in solo series, such as ''X-Men Legacy (''featuring Legion'')'', ''Cyclops, Magneto, Nightcrawler, Storm'' and ''All-New'' ''Doop.'' Notable additions to the X-Men have been [Firestar](/source/Firestar_(Marvel_Comics)), [M](/source/M_(Marvel_Comics)) and [ForgetMeNot](/source/ForgetMeNot_(Xabi)). Notable story arcs of this era are "[Battle of the Atom](/source/Battle_of_the_Atom)" (2013), "[X-Termination](/source/Age_of_Apocalypse)" (2013), "[Death of Wolverine](/source/Death_of_Wolverine)" (2014), "[AXIS](/source/AXIS_(comics))" (2014) and "[The Black Vortex](/source/The_Black_Vortex)" (2015). * Cyclops' X-Men **''[Uncanny X-Men](/source/Uncanny_X-Men)'', vol. 2 – the flagship of the Cyclops' team with the Extinction Team dealing with potential threats to mutantkind's survival. **''[X-Men](/source/X-Men_(comic_book))'', vol. 3 ''–'' Storm's field team operating from an aeroplane to neutralize threats before reaching crisis levels. **''[New Mutants](/source/The_New_Mutants_(comic_book))'', vol. 3 ''–'' Cyclops tasked the New Mutants as a clean-up team to resolve loose ends. **''[Generation Hope](/source/Generation_Hope_(comics))'' – a rapid response team locating new lights as they manifested with Rogue and later Shadowcat serving as liaison **''[All-New X-Men](/source/All-New_X-Men),'' vol. 1 – the flagship of the X-titles with the original X-Men brought from the past to the present to confront their future counterparts. **''[Uncanny X-Men](/source/Uncanny_X-Men)'', vol. 3 – the flagship of the Cyclops' team with Cyclops and the remnants of his Extinction team taking up a revolutionary course to promote mutant rights. * Wolverine's X-Men **''[Amazing X-Men](/source/Amazing_X-Men),'' vol. 2 – the flagship of the Wolverine's team featuring a field team with initial mission to search for the deceased Nightcrawler. **''[X-Men](/source/X-Men_(comic_book))'', vol. 4 – an all-female team dealing with new threats from Arkea and a new Sisterhood. * Wolverine's X-Men ** ''[Wolverine and the X-Men](/source/Wolverine_and_the_X-Men_(comics)),'' vol. 1 ''–'' the flagship of the Wolverine's team featuring the faculty and student of the Jean Grey School for Higher Learning. ** ''[X-Men Legacy](/source/X-Men_Legacy),'' vol. 1 ''–'' Rogue leads a team acting as the school's security detail ** ''[Astonishing X-Men](/source/Astonishing_X-Men),'' vol. 3 ''–'' Wolverine's field team forming after the attack of the Marauders. * X-Men in Training ** ''Wolverine and the X-Men'' (also served as the flagship title) **''[Wolverine and the X-Men](/source/Wolverine_and_the_X-Men_(comics)),'' vol. 2 – the summer term on the Jean Grey School that focused on Logan's legacy on his students Quentin Quire, [Evan Sabahnur](/source/Evan_Sabahnur), and [Idie Okonkwo](/source/Oya_(comics)). **''[Spider-Man and the X-Men](/source/Spider-Man_and_the_X-Men) –'' Spider-Man leads a Special Class to investigate the students as requested by Wolverine before his demise. * Other Teams ** ''[Uncanny X-Force](/source/Uncanny_X-Force),'' vol. 1 – a black ops team led by Wolverine with members from the previous strike force. ** ''[X-Factor](/source/X-Factor_(comic_book))'', vol. 3 – Havok stepped back in to co-lead with Polaris after the disappearance of Madrox. ** ''[X-Treme X-Men](/source/X-Treme_X-Men)'', vol. 2 – a group of heroes from alternate dimensions led by Dazzler to defeat the Ten Evil Xaviers. ** ''[X-Club](/source/List_of_X-Men_members)'' – the X-Men's Science Team dealing with the mutant birth crisis and the effects of [M-Day](/source/Decimation_(comics)). ** ''Age of Apocalypse'' – featured the X-Terminated, human resistance fighters banded together to save the human race by taking out Weapon X and his new mutant regime. **''[Cable and X-Force](/source/Cable_and_X-Force)'' – a fugitive team led by Cable to face the threats that he saw in his visions. **''[Uncanny X-Force](/source/Uncanny_X-Force)'', vol. 2 – a proactive team of misfit X-Men led by Psylocke. **''[All-New X-Factor](/source/All-New_X-Factor)'' – a corporate-sponsored X-Factor team hired by Serval Industries. **''[X-Force](/source/X-Force_(comic_book))'', vol. 4 – the remnants of Cable's X-Force and Psylocke's X-Force merge to form a superhuman black ops. **''Wolverines'' – a group of mutants with healing factor are captured by the Paradise escapees to help them find the adamantium-petrified body of Wolverine. ===2015-2016=== [[File:Extraordinary_X-Men_17_Variant_cover.jpg|thumb|right|upright|Variant cover of ''[Extraordinary X-Men](/source/Extraordinary_X-Men)'' #17, Dec. 2016 (flagship series of this era) during the "[Inhumans vs. X-Men](/source/Inhumans_vs._X-Men)" story arc. Art by Jorge Molina.]] In 2015, as part of "[All-New, All-Different Marvel](/source/All-New%2C_All-Different_Marvel)", three team books were launched: the second volume of ''All-New X-Men'', the fourth volume of ''Uncanny X-Men'' and ''[Extraordinary X-Men](/source/Extraordinary_X-Men)''.{{cite web |author=Wheeler, Andrew |date=July 1, 2015 |title=All New, All Different Marvel: Your Guide to the X-Books |url=http://comicsalliance.com/all-new-all-different-marvel-your-guide-to-the-x-books/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160523103751/http://comicsalliance.com/all-new-all-different-marvel-your-guide-to-the-x-books/ |archive-date=May 23, 2016 |access-date=May 9, 2016}} X-23 took on the mantle of Wolverine and got a new solo series and [Old Man Logan](/source/Old_Man_Logan) also received a new ongoing series when the character found himself in (from his perspective) an alternate past. During this period, the mutants dealt with the threat of the [Terrigen](/source/Terrigen_Mist) cloud that circulated the world and appeared to be toxic to them, placing the X-Men at odds with the [Inhumans](/source/Inhumans). The X-Men also dealt with Apocalypse resurfacing, and the truth of what happened between Cyclops and the Inhumans that led to his death. Storm's team resided in [Limbo](/source/Limbo_(Marvel_Comics)) and worked to bring mutants to safety away from the Terrigen. Magneto's team took on a more militant approach. Beast worked alongside the Inhumans to attempt to find a way to alter the state of the Terrigen, but later discovered that it could not be altered and would have rendered Earth toxic for mutants. This revelation caused the X-Men to declare war against the Inhumans, but this conflict ended when the Inhumans learned what was happening, with Medusa sacrificing the Terrigen cloud to save the mutants. Notable additions to the X-Men have been [Old Man Logan](/source/Old_Man_Logan) and [Cerebra](/source/Cerebro). Notable story arcs of this era are "Apocalypse Wars" (2016), "[Death of X](/source/Death_of_X)" (2016) and "[Inhumans vs. X-Men](/source/Inhumans_vs._X-Men)" (2016–2017). The X-Men were also involved in the "[Civil War II](/source/Civil_War_II)" and "[Monsters Unleashed](/source/Monsters_Unleashed_(comics))" storylines. * X-Men **''[Extraordinary X-Men](/source/Extraordinary_X-Men)'' – the flagship of the X-titles with X-Men relocated to Limbo following the release of the Terrigen Mists. ** ''[Uncanny X-Men](/source/Uncanny_X-Men)'', vol. 4 – Magneto leads a team of deadly mutants to deal with threats to mutantkind. ** ''[All-New X-Men](/source/All-New_X-Men)'', vol. 2 – the time-displaced original X-Men embarking on a roadtrip in an attempt to live normal lives. === ResurrXion === In 2017, the ''[ResurrXion](/source/ResurrXion)'' lineup was launched with ''X-Men: Prime''. It introduced new titles; ''[X-Men Blue](/source/X-Men_Blue)'', ''[X-Men Gold](/source/X-Men_Gold)'', ''[Weapon X](/source/Weapon_X)'', new volumes of ''[Astonishing X-Men](/source/Astonishing_X-Men)'' and ''[Generation X](/source/Generation_X_(comic_book)),'' new solo series for ''Cable'', ''Jean Grey'', and ''Iceman'', and continuation of the ''Old Man Logan'' and ''All-New Wolverine'' run. With the Terrigen gone, the X-Men vacated Limbo and moved to [Central Park](/source/Central_Park%2C_New_York) where they returned to their heroic roots instead of constantly living in fear for their survival. Other notable changes include Kitty Pryde as the new leader of the X-Men, the time-displaced X-Men working with Magneto, Old Man Logan turning Weapon X into a black ops team, and mutant characters crossing over from [Earth-1610](/source/Ultimate_Marvel) to the Earth-616 universe. Early 2018 saw the Phoenix Force returning to earth and mysteriously resurrecting the original Jean Grey. A new series featuring the original Jean leading a team of X-Men called ''[X-Men Red](/source/X-Men_Red)'' was released later that same month. Rogue and Gambit's relationship became a focal point during the ''[Rogue & Gambit](/source/Rogue_%26_Gambit)'' miniseries and again in the ''Till Death Do Us Part'' story arc in ''X-Men Gold'', which saw the two finally tie the knot, and once more during the ''Mr. & Mrs. X'' miniseries, which saw the new couple attempt to take their honeymoon but end up involved in an intergalactic conspiracy. Other noteworthy plot points included Wolverine's return coinciding with the arrival of a mysterious new villain named Persephone, Psylocke's return to her original body, Magneto's steady return to villainy, and the time-displaced X-Men facing the consequences of their presence in the 616 timeline, and the return of Cyclops. 2019 saw a new volume of ''Uncanny X-Men'' released beginning with a 10-part weekly story arc. Several solo series were launched, including ''Legion'', ''Multiple Man, Domino, Shatterstar'' and ''X-23'', before the revamp of the entire ''X-Men'' lineup. Mainly Charles Xavier, Cyclops, Wolverine and Jean were resurrected and time-displaced X-Men returned to their original timeline during the ''Extermination'' event. Notable additions to the X-Men have been [Pyro](/source/Pyro_(Marvel_Comics)), [Gentle](/source/Gentle_(character)), Scout, Trinary, [Wolfsbane](/source/Wolfsbane_(character)) and [Multiple Man](/source/Jamie_Madrox). Notable story arcs of this decade are "Weapons of Mutant Destruction" (2017), "Phoenix Resurrection: The Return of Jean Grey" (2017–2018), "Poison X" (2018), "Extermination" (2018), "[Hunt for Wolverine](/source/Hunt_for_Wolverine)" (2018), "[Return of Wolverine](/source/Return_of_Wolverine)" (2018–2019), "X-Men: Disassembled" (2018–2019) and "[Age of X-Man](/source/Age_of_X-Man)" (2019). The X-Men were also involved in the "Venomized", "[Secret Empire](/source/Secret_Empire_(2017_comic))" and "[War of the Realms](/source/The_War_of_the_Realms)" storylines. * X-Men **''[X-Men Gold](/source/X-Men_Gold)'' – the flagship of the X-titles with Kitty Pryde leading the X-Men at the new location at Central Park; an ad hoc team is led by Iceman while Kitty Pryde and her team are in prison. **''[X-Men Blue](/source/X-Men_Blue) –'' the time-displaced original X-Men mentored by Magneto; an ad hoc team is led by Polaris while the Original Five is lost in space. ** ''[X-Men Red](/source/X-Men_Red),'' vol. 1 ''–'' the resurrected Jean Grey leading a team to have the mutants recognized as a nation. ** ''[Astonishing X-Men](/source/Astonishing_X-Men)'', vol 4 – an ad hoc team of X-Men members reunited in London to fight the Shadow King; later featured a ragtag team of X-Men co-led by Havok and Beast against the threat of the Reavers. ** ''[Uncanny X-Men](/source/Uncanny_X-Men)'', vol. 5 – Jean Grey leads the remnants of the Gold and Red team after Nate Grey resurfaces proclaiming himself the mutant messiah and reshaping the world in his own view; Cyclops and Wolverine reformed the team following the dissolution of the X-Men after fighting X-Man. * X-Men in Training **''[Generation X](/source/Generation_X_(comic_book))'', vol. 2 – Jubilee's group of students at the rechristened Xavier Institute. * Other Teams **''[Weapon X](/source/Weapon_X)'', vol. 3 – a black ops team of heroes and villains working together to take down a new Weapon X program. **''New Mutants: Dead Soul'' – a team of former New Mutants and X-Factor members founded by Karma to investigate paranormal occurring. **''[X-Force](/source/X-Force_(comic_book))'', vol. 5 – original X-Force members Domino, Shatterstar, Cannonball, and Warpath are on the hunt for Kid Cable. **''[Exiles](/source/Exiles_(comic_book))'', vol. 3 – The Unseen recruits champions from alternate universes to save the multiverse from the Time Eaters. === Krakoan Age of X-Men === {{main|Krakoan Age|Dawn of X|Reign of X|Destiny of X|Fall of X|Label 4 = Fall of X}} On May 14, 2019, Marvel announced they would cancel all the X-Men titles and relaunch the entire lineup. [Jonathan Hickman](/source/Jonathan_Hickman) would have full creative control; this began with two rotating bi-weekly six-issue limited series called [''House of X'' and ''Powers of X''](/source/House_of_X_and_Powers_of_X).{{cite web |date=April 20, 2020 |title=Welcome to the Dawn of X |url=https://www.marvel.com/articles/comics/welcome-to-the-dawn-of-x |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200505175019/https://www.marvel.com/articles/comics/welcome-to-the-dawn-of-x |archive-date=May 5, 2020 |access-date=May 10, 2020 |publisher=Marvel Comics |vauthors=Belt R}} After the 12 issues are released, Hickman penned the flagship title and several new and traditional titles were released.{{cite web |date=November 8, 2024 |title=X-men | GamesRadar+ |url=https://www.newsarama.com/45166-marvel-to-cancel-relaunch-entire-x-men-line.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190514185935/https://www.newsarama.com/45166-marvel-to-cancel-relaunch-entire-x-men-line.html |archive-date=May 14, 2019}} It was subsequently announced in July 2019 at [San Diego Comic-Con](/source/San_Diego_Comic-Con) that there would be six new X-titles as part of Marvel's '''[Dawn of X](/source/Dawn_of_X)''' campaign.{{cite web |date=July 20, 2019 |title=Marvel announces the future of the X-Men with six new titles at SDCC 2019 |url=https://www.polygon.com/2019/7/20/20702170/house-of-x-men-marvel-comics-excalibur-marauders-new-mutants-fallen-angels-x-force-sdcc-2019 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230516182148/https://www.polygon.com/2019/7/20/20702170/house-of-x-men-marvel-comics-excalibur-marauders-new-mutants-fallen-angels-x-force-sdcc-2019 |archive-date=May 16, 2023 |access-date=September 10, 2019 |website=[Polygon](/source/Polygon_(website))}} Following the end of the ''[X of Swords](/source/X_of_Swords)'' crossover, the sequel relaunch '''[Reign of X](/source/Reign_of_X)''' will encompass a new era in the X-titles.{{cite web |title=The 'Reign of X' Brings New X-Men Series From Jonathan Hickman, Gerry Duggan, and More |url=https://www.marvel.com/articles/comics/reign-of-x-xmen-series-jonathan-hickman-gerry-duggan-announcement |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230924005157/https://www.marvel.com/articles/comics/reign-of-x-xmen-series-jonathan-hickman-gerry-duggan-announcement |archive-date=September 24, 2023 |access-date=2021-12-07 |website=Marvel Entertainment}} '''[Destiny of X](/source/Destiny_of_X)''' featured the Second [Krakoa](/source/Krakoa)n Age of X-Men after the events of ''Inferno'' and ''[X Lives of Wolverine/X Deaths of Wolverine](/source/X_Lives_of_Wolverine%2FX_Deaths_of_Wolverine)''.{{cite web |title=The X-Men Enter 'Destiny of X' with New Titles, Team Shakeups, and More |url=https://www.marvel.com/articles/comics/x-men-destiny-of-x-new-titles-team-shakeups-and-more |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230921225518/https://www.marvel.com/articles/comics/x-men-destiny-of-x-new-titles-team-shakeups-and-more |archive-date=September 21, 2023 |access-date=2021-12-07 |website=Marvel Entertainment}} Mutantkind's unparalleled growth and prosperity on the island nation Krakoa was threatened during the '''[Fall of X](/source/Fall_of_X)''' by the human supremicist organization [Orchis](/source/Orchis_(comics)).{{Cite web |title=Everything Revealed About 'Fall of X' at MegaCon 2023 |url=https://www.marvel.com/articles/comics/fall-of-x-everything-revealed-at-megacon-2023 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230401211401/https://www.marvel.com/articles/comics/fall-of-x-everything-revealed-at-megacon-2023 |archive-date=April 1, 2023 |access-date=2023-04-02 |website=Marvel Entertainment}} Marvel teased the X-Men's final battle for Krakoa's future in the two interconnected titles ''Fall of the House of X'' and ''Rise of the Powers of X''.{{Cite web |title=Catch a Glimpse of Marvel's Next Big Thing Ahead of New York Comic Con 2023 |url=https://www.marvel.com/articles/comics/nycc-2023-marvels-next-big-thing-teasers-logos-x-men |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231017004802/https://www.marvel.com/articles/comics/nycc-2023-marvels-next-big-thing-teasers-logos-x-men |archive-date=October 17, 2023 |access-date=2023-10-10 |website=www.marvel.com}} Several miniseries and one-shots started featuring several X-Men in team-up and solo series such as ''Giant-Size X-Men'' (featuring Jean Grey, Emma Frost, Magneto, Nightcrawler, Fantomex, Storm and Thunderbird), ''Wolverine'', ''Cable'', ''Juggernaut'', ''Sabretooth'', ''Rogue and Gambit'', ''Astonishing Iceman'', ''Children of the Vault'' (featuring Cable and Bishop), ''Uncanny Spider-Man'' (featuring Nightcrawler), ''Jean Grey'', ''Ms. Marvel: The New Mutant'' and ''Ms. Marvel: Mutant Menace.'' Notable addition to the X-Men have been [Synch](/source/Synch_(character)), [Ms. Marvel (Kamala Khan)](/source/Kamala_Khan), and [Rasputin IV](/source/Rasputin_IV). Notable story arcs of this era are "[X of Swords](/source/X_of_Swords)" (2020), "[Hellfire Gala](/source/Hellfire_Gala)" (2021), "[Trial of Magneto](/source/Scarlet_Witch)" (2021),"[Inferno](/source/Moira_MacTaggert)" (2021), "[X Lives of Wolverine/X Deaths of Wolverine](/source/X_Lives_of_Wolverine%2FX_Deaths_of_Wolverine)" (2022), "[Judgment Day](/source/Judgment_Day_(Marvel_Comics))" (2022), "[Dark Web](/source/Dark_Web_(Marvel_Comics))" (2022–2023), "[Sins of Sinister](/source/Sins_of_Sinister)" (2023) and "Weapons of Vengeance" (2023). The X-Men were also involved in the "[Empyre](/source/Empyre)", "The Last Annihilation", "[King in Black](/source/King_in_Black)", "[Devil's Reign](/source/Devil's_Reign)", "[Contest of Chaos](/source/Contest_of_Chaos)" storylines. {| class="wikitable sortable" style="margins:auto; width=95%; font-size: 95%;" |- !width="15%"|Team !Details !{{Abbr|Ref|Reference}} |- {{Episode table/part|subtitle=Flagship teams|c=gold}} |- |''[X-Men](/source/X-Men_(comic_book)),'' vol. 5 |The flagship title launched during ''Dawn of X'' featuring world-building stories of the mutant renaissance. |{{cite news |author=Samantha Puc |date=2019-07-20 |title=SDCC '19: DAWN OF X titles revealed! Hickman, Brisson, Howard, Duggan, To, Yu, Kudranski & more creators tackle Marvel's new X-Line |url=https://www.comicsbeat.com/sdcc-19-dawn-of-x-titles-creative-teams-revealed/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107060856/https://www.comicsbeat.com/sdcc-19-dawn-of-x-titles-creative-teams-revealed/ |archive-date=January 7, 2022 |access-date=2019-09-25 |newspaper=The Beat}}{{Cite web |last=Harth |first=David |date=2020-05-19 |title=X-Men: Every Dawn Of X Title (So Far) Ranked |url=https://www.cbr.com/xmen-every-dawn-x-title-ranked/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231227070004/https://www.cbr.com/xmen-every-dawn-x-title-ranked/ |archive-date=December 27, 2023 |access-date=2024-06-08 |website=CBR}} |- |''[X-Men](/source/X-Men_(comic_book)),'' vol. 6 |The flagship title launched during ''Reign of X'' featuring a new team of chosen champions of mutantkind. |{{Cite web |last=Harth |first=David |date=2023-08-01 |title=X-Men Volume 6 Lost Its Star Status But Fall Of X Will Bring It Back |url=https://www.cbr.com/xmen-fall-of-x-become-marvel-comics-flagship-again/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230826212055/https://www.cbr.com/xmen-fall-of-x-become-marvel-comics-flagship-again/ |archive-date=August 26, 2023 |access-date=2024-06-08 |website=CBR}} |- |''[Immortal X-Men](/source/Immortal_X-Men)'' |One of the flagship titles launched during ''Destiny of X'' focusing on the politics within the Quiet Council of Krakoa. The title is replaced by ''Immoral X-Men'' during the ''Sins of Sinister'' event. The storyline is concluded in the limited series ''X-Men Forever''. |{{Cite web |last=Schedeen |first=Jesse |date=2023-03-20 |title=How to Read Marvel's X-Men Comics in 2023 |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/how-to-read-marvels-x-men-comics-in-2023-krakoa |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240611011411/https://www.ign.com/articles/how-to-read-marvels-x-men-comics-in-2023-krakoa |archive-date=June 11, 2024 |access-date=2024-06-08 |website=IGN}} |- |''[X-Men Red](/source/X-Men_Red),'' vol. 2 |One of the flagship titles launched during ''Destiny of X'' featuring the [Planet Arakko](/source/Arakko) under the guidance of the conflicting factions of Storm's Brotherhood and Brand's X-Men Red, and later with Genesis' Great Ring. The title is replaced by ''Storm & the Brotherhood of Mutants'' during the ''Sins of Sinister'' event. The storyline is concluded in the limited series ''Resurrection of Magneto.'' | |- {{Episode table/part|subtitle=Other teams|c=gold}} |- |- {{Episode table/part|subtitle=Dawn of X|c=}} |- |''[Marauders](/source/Marauders_(comic_book)),'' vol. 1 |Captain Kate Pryde led a pirate team traveling the world for the supply and trade of the Krakoan drugs and smuggling of mutants into and out of nations hostile to Krakoa. |{{Cite web |last=Sava |first=Oliver |date=February 15, 2020 |title=Marauders dominates Dawn Of X with action, treachery, and humor on the high seas |url=https://www.avclub.com/marauders-dominates-dawn-of-x-with-action-treachery-a-1841682023 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606013115/https://www.avclub.com/marauders-dominates-dawn-of-x-with-action-treachery-a-1841682023 |archive-date=June 6, 2024 |access-date=June 6, 2024 |website=[The A.V. Club](/source/The_A.V._Club)}} |- |''[Excalibur](/source/Excalibur_(comic_book)),'' vol. 4 |[Betsy Braddock](/source/Betsy_Braddock) (as [Captain Britain](/source/Captain_Britain)) and her team explore the connection between mutant powers and magic in the Otherworld. The storyline is continued in the series ''Knights of X''. |{{Cite web |date=2022-02-01 |title=How to Get Into the X-Men's Amazing Age of New Comics |url=https://gizmodo.com/x-men-krakoan-age-comics-guide-reading-order-1848443586 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240503235428/https://gizmodo.com/x-men-krakoan-age-comics-guide-reading-order-1848443586 |archive-date=May 3, 2024 |access-date=2024-06-08 |website=Gizmodo}} |- |[''New Mutants''](/source/The_New_Mutants_(comic_book)), vol. 4 |Magik led a spacefaring team of classic ''New Mutants'' and ''Generation X'' members, and later acts as mentor to younger mutants in Krakoa; a second team of outreach party seek young mutants who have chosen not to come to Krakoa. The resident New Mutants' adventure continued in ''New Mutants: Lethal Legion''. | |- |[''Fallen Angels''](/source/Fallen_Angels_(comics)), vol. 2 |[Kwannon](/source/Kwannon_(character)) (as Psylocke) recruits [Cable](/source/Cable_(character)) and [X-23](/source/X-23) for a personal mission which could jeopardize all of mutantkind. | |- |''[X-Force](/source/X-Force_(comic_book)),'' vol. 6 |The mutant black-ops team dealing with the security of Krakoa. | |- |''[Hellions](/source/Hellions_(Marvel_Comics))'' |A team of mutant troublemakers given an outlet for their gene-given desires. | |- |[''X-Factor''](/source/X-Factor_(2020_comic_book)), vol. 4 |A team investigating and enforcing the Resurrection Protocols. The storyline in continued in the series ''X-Men:'' ''Trial of Magneto''. |{{cite web |last1=Grunenwald |first1=Joe |date=January 13, 2020 |title=Williams and Baldeón's new X-FACTOR series to explore mutant immortality in the Marvel U |url=https://www.comicsbeat.com/x-factor-leah-williams-david-baldeon/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200904033523/https://www.comicsbeat.com/x-factor-leah-williams-david-baldeon/ |archive-date=September 4, 2020 |access-date=November 26, 2020 |website=[ComicsBeat](/source/Heidi_MacDonald)}}{{Cite web |last=Johnston |first=Rich |date=2021-08-17 |title=Leah Williams On X-Factor #10 Being Cancelled, Then Rewritten |url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/leah-williams-on-x-factor-10-being-rewritten/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240228113811/https://bleedingcool.com/comics/leah-williams-on-x-factor-10-being-rewritten/ |archive-date=February 28, 2024 |access-date=2022-10-08 |website=Bleeding Cool News And Rumors}} |- {{Episode table/part|subtitle=Reign of X|c=}} |- |[''S.W.O.R.D.''](/source/S.W.O.R.D.), vol. 2 |The mutant nation's forefront representatives to the outer universe. |{{cite web |date=September 23, 2020 |title=Al Ewing Takes Mutantkind Beyond the Stars in 'S.W.O.R.D.' |url=https://www.marvel.com/articles/comics/al-ewing-takes-mutantkind-beyond-the-stars-in-s-w-o-r-d |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200928173240/https://www.marvel.com/articles/comics/al-ewing-takes-mutantkind-beyond-the-stars-in-s-w-o-r-d |archive-date=September 28, 2020 |access-date=September 24, 2020 |publisher=[Marvel Comics](/source/Marvel_Comics)}} |- |''[Children of the Atom](/source/Children_of_the_Atom_(comics))'' |A group of young vigilantes operating in New York City posing as mutants. |{{Cite web |last=Hassan |first=Chris |date=8 March 2021 |title=X-Men Monday #98 - Vita Ayala Answers Your Children of the Atom Questions |url=https://aiptcomics.com/2021/03/08/x-men-monday-98-vita-ayala-children-of-the-atom/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608030031/https://aiptcomics.com/2021/03/08/x-men-monday-98-vita-ayala-children-of-the-atom/ |archive-date=June 8, 2024 |access-date=2021-08-15 |website=AIPT}} |- |''[Way of X](/source/Nightcrawler_(character))'' |[Nightcrawler](/source/Nightcrawler_(character)) assembled a team focused on the path of answers for mutantkind's spirituality. The title is concluded in the one-shot ''X-Men: The Onslaught Revelation''. |{{Cite web |last=Grunenwald |first=Joe |date=2021-01-08 |title=WAY OF X from Si Spurrier & Bob Quinn joins Marvel's X-line |url=https://www.comicsbeat.com/way-of-x-spurrier-quinn-marvel/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608033047/https://www.comicsbeat.com/way-of-x-spurrier-quinn-marvel/ |archive-date=June 8, 2024 |access-date=2024-06-08 |website=The Beat}} |- |''[X-Corp](/source/X-Corporation)'' |A corporate team headed by CXOs [Warren](/source/Warren_Worthington_III) and [Monet](/source/M_(Marvel_Comics)) staffed with some of the brightest and most deviant minds in mutantkind. |{{Cite web |last=Rivera |first=Joshua |date=2021-04-14 |title=An exclusive look at Marvel's X-Corp, a comic where the X-Men are your new bosses |url=https://www.polygon.com/comics/22380490/x-corp-tini-howard-interview |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608022125/https://www.polygon.com/comics/22380490/x-corp-tini-howard-interview |archive-date=June 8, 2024 |access-date=2024-06-08 |website=Polygon}} |- {{Episode table/part|subtitle=Destiny of X|c=}} |- |''[Marauders](/source/Marauders_(comic_book)),'' vol. 2 |Captain Pryde leads a new crew for rescuing mutants. |{{Cite web |last=Schlesinger |first=Alex |date=2022-04-03 |title=X-Men's Marauders Team Pulls Off A Terrifying Rescue In New Preview |url=https://screenrant.com/xmen-marauders-team-new-series-preview/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221015233744/https://screenrant.com/xmen-marauders-team-new-series-preview/ |archive-date=October 15, 2022 |access-date=2024-06-08 |website=ScreenRant}} |- |''Knights of X'' |Captain Britain leads a team of ten knights into Otherworld in a quest to search the Siege Perilous. The title concluded in the series ''Betsy Braddock: Captain Britain''. |{{Cite web |author1=George Marston |date=2022-01-13 |title=Knights of X sends ten mutants on a quest for the "Holy Grail of mutantkind" |url=https://www.gamesradar.com/knights-of-x-destiny-of-x-marvel/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608032737/https://www.gamesradar.com/knights-of-x-destiny-of-x-marvel/ |archive-date=June 8, 2024 |access-date=2024-06-08 |website=[GamesRadar+](/source/GamesRadar%2B)}} |- |''Legion of X'' |The mutant police force formed by Nightcrawler and Legion. During the ''Sins of Sinister'' event, the title is replaced by ''Nightcrawlers'' featuring Sinister's private army of chimera assassins. |{{Cite web |date=2022-01-04 |title=The X-Men's New Destiny Has Found Itself Some Peacekeepers |url=https://gizmodo.com/the-x-mens-new-destiny-has-found-itself-some-peacekeepe-1848304189 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129152353/https://gizmodo.com/the-x-mens-new-destiny-has-found-itself-some-peacekeepe-1848304189 |archive-date=January 29, 2023 |access-date=2024-06-08 |website=Gizmodo}} |- |''[X-Terminators](/source/X-Terminators)'', vol. 2 |A limited series featuring Wolverine, Dazzler, Jubilee and Boom-Boom battling armies of vampires. |{{Cite web |date=August 19, 2022 |title=Leah Williams Serves Up Sexy X-Men With Grindhouse Themes in X-Terminators (Exclusive) |url=https://comicbook.com/marvel/news/leah-williams-x-terminators-interview/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608025221/https://comicbook.com/marvel/news/leah-williams-x-terminators-interview/ |archive-date=June 8, 2024 |access-date=June 8, 2024 |website=[ComicBook.com](/source/ComicBook.com)}}{{Cite web |last=Schlesinger |first=Alex |date=2022-04-14 |title=Wolverine Unites X-Men's Most Demanded Heroes in New X-Terminators Team |url=https://screenrant.com/xterminators-xmen-wolverine-jubilee-dazzler-boomboom-marvel-comics/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230115003806/https://screenrant.com/xterminators-xmen-wolverine-jubilee-dazzler-boomboom-marvel-comics/ |archive-date=January 15, 2023 |access-date=2024-06-08 |website=ScreenRant}} |- |''[Sabretooth](/source/Sabretooth_(character)) & the Exiles'' |The mutants exiled in The Pit are in pursuit of an escaped Sabretooth. The title is a continuation of the ''Sabretooth'' solo series and is concluded in the ''Sabretooth War'' arc of the ''Wolverine'' series. |{{Cite web |last=Sonneville |first=Ryan |date=2024-02-13 |title=Sabretooth & The Exiles review |url=https://aiptcomics.com/2024/02/13/sabretooth-the-exiles-review/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608050217/https://aiptcomics.com/2024/02/13/sabretooth-the-exiles-review/ |archive-date=June 8, 2024 |access-date=2024-06-08 |website=AIPT}} |- |''[Bishop](/source/Bishop_(Marvel_Comics)): War College'' |Bishop training young mutants as War Captains in training for Krakoa. |{{Cite web |last=Zachary |first=Brandon |date=2023-02-12 |title=Marvel's Latest X-Men Series Faces the Hypocrisy in the Team's History Head-On |url=https://www.cbr.com/x-men-bishop-war-college-hypocrisy-marvel/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230413032033/https://www.cbr.com/x-men-bishop-war-college-hypocrisy-marvel/ |archive-date=April 13, 2023 |access-date=2024-06-08 |website=CBR}}{{Cite web |date=2023-02-09 |title=Bishop: War College #1 Review |url=http://www.multiversitycomics.com/reviews/bishop-war-college-1/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608025220/http://www.multiversitycomics.com/reviews/bishop-war-college-1/ |archive-date=June 8, 2024 |access-date=2024-06-08 |website=Multiversity Comics}} |- {{Episode table/part|subtitle=Fall of X|c=}} |- |''[Uncanny Avengers](/source/Uncanny_Avengers)'', vol. 4 |A new lineup of the Unity Squad formed to foster the unity between humanity and the mutant nation of Krakoa. |{{Cite web |last=Schlesinger |first=Alex |date=2023-11-20 |title=Marvel's Most R-Rated Avengers Roster Just Earned Their Title with 1 Gory Moment |url=https://screenrant.com/marvel-most-r-rated-uncanny-avengers-roster-psylocke-gory/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224231456/https://screenrant.com/marvel-most-r-rated-uncanny-avengers-roster-psylocke-gory/ |archive-date=December 24, 2023 |access-date=2024-06-08 |website=ScreenRant}}{{Cite web |last=Segarra |first=Jason |date=2017-08-09 |title='Uncanny Avengers: Unity Vol. 4: Red Skull' gives the team its most personal challenge...oh, and Wonder Man is there |url=https://aiptcomics.com/2017/08/09/uncanny-avengers-unity-vol-4-red-skull-gives-the-team-its-most-personal-challenge-oh-and-wonder-man-is-there/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608033457/https://aiptcomics.com/2017/08/09/uncanny-avengers-unity-vol-4-red-skull-gives-the-team-its-most-personal-challenge-oh-and-wonder-man-is-there/ |archive-date=June 8, 2024 |access-date=2024-06-08 |website=AIPT}} |- |''[Dark X-Men](/source/Dark_X-Men)'', vol. 2 |Madelyne Pryror formed a team based out of Limbo to fill the void left by the X-Men. |{{Cite web |last=Richards |first=Dave |date=2023-07-17 |title=Dark X-Men Writer Introduces Horror-Inspired Cast of Marvel Heroes |url=https://www.cbr.com/dark-x-men-steve-foxe-interview/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230819173953/https://www.cbr.com/dark-x-men-steve-foxe-interview/ |archive-date=August 19, 2023 |access-date=2024-06-08 |website=CBR}}{{Cite web |date=August 14, 2023 |title=Marvel's Dark X-Men Assemble In New Preview |url=https://comicbook.com/comics/news/marvel-dark-x-men-comic-preview-spoilers-new-team/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608034327/https://comicbook.com/comics/news/marvel-dark-x-men-comic-preview-spoilers-new-team/ |archive-date=June 8, 2024 |access-date=June 8, 2024 |website=[ComicBook.com](/source/ComicBook.com)}} |- |''Realm of X'' |A team of mutantkind's fiercest warriors sent on a mystical mission in Vanaheim to fight the [White Witch](/source/Saturnyne). |{{Cite web |last=Parker |first=Thayer Preece |date=2023-09-11 |title=How Fall of X's All-Female X-Men Team Compares to Their Predecessors |url=https://www.cbr.com/fall-of-x-all-female-xmen-team/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240508022447/https://www.cbr.com/fall-of-x-all-female-xmen-team/ |archive-date=May 8, 2024 |access-date=2024-06-08 |website=CBR}}{{Cite web |last=Goyal |first=Aman |date=2023-08-26 |title=Torunn Grønbekk Explains the Intricacies of Realm of X |url=https://www.cbr.com/torunn-gronbekk-realm-of-x-marvel/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912192623/https://www.cbr.com/torunn-gronbekk-realm-of-x-marvel/ |archive-date=September 12, 2023 |access-date=2024-06-08 |website=CBR}} |- |''[Alpha Flight](/source/Alpha_Flight_(comic_book))'', vol. 5 |Two Alpha Flight squads, split between human and mutant members, are secretly working together to transport mutants to Chandilar. |{{cite web |last1=Dar |first1=Taimur |date=April 14, 2023 |title=Marvel's Canadian superhero team returns in new ALPHA FLIGHT limited series |url=https://www.comicsbeat.com/marvels-alpha-flight-limited-series-announced/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230721155357/https://www.comicsbeat.com/marvels-alpha-flight-limited-series-announced/ |archive-date=July 21, 2023 |access-date=August 16, 2023 |website=[Comics Beat](/source/Heidi_MacDonald)}}{{Cite web |last=Shayo |first=Lukas |date=2023-08-22 |title=How Alpha Flight Beat a Covert X-Men Team at Their own Game |url=https://www.cbr.com/alpha-flight-fall-of-x-80s-xmen-plot/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230923174640/https://www.cbr.com/alpha-flight-fall-of-x-80s-xmen-plot/ |archive-date=September 23, 2023 |access-date=2024-06-08 |website=CBR}} |- |''Dead X-Men'' |The fallen heroes murdered in the Hellfire Gala are guided by Askani on a sacred mutant mission to find for an intact biological Moira mind in one of Sinister's close-engine timelines. |{{Cite web |last=Schlesinger |first=Alex |date=2023-10-16 |title=DEAD X-MEN Officially Resurrects Murdered Heroes to Save Mutantkind |url=https://screenrant.com/dead-x-men-resurrects-mutant-heroes-save-krakoa/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231016220148/https://screenrant.com/dead-x-men-resurrects-mutant-heroes-save-krakoa/ |archive-date=October 16, 2023 |access-date=2024-06-08 |website=ScreenRant}}{{Cite web |last=Marston |first=George |date=2023-12-14 |title=Dead X-Men puts a cap on the Krakoa era with a team of resurrected mutants on a secret mission |url=https://www.gamesradar.com/dead-x-men-puts-a-cap-on-the-krakoa-era-with-a-team-of-resurrected-mutants-on-a-secret-mission/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223003901/https://www.gamesradar.com/dead-x-men-puts-a-cap-on-the-krakoa-era-with-a-team-of-resurrected-mutants-on-a-secret-mission/ |archive-date=February 23, 2024 |access-date=2024-06-08 |website=[GamesRadar+](/source/GamesRadar%2B)}} |- |} === From the Ashes === {{main|X-Men: From the Ashes}} During the panel at [SXSW](/source/South_by_Southwest) 2024, a new era of mutant mythos is announced with the X-Men scattered across the planet as they attempt to rebuild themselves following the Krakoan Age. It introduced flagship titles for ''[X-Men](/source/X-Men_(comic_book))'', ''[Uncanny X-Men](/source/Uncanny_X-Men)'' and ''[Exceptional X-Men](/source/Exceptional_X-Men)'', new volumes for ''X-Force'', ''NYX,'' ''X-Factor'' and ''Weapon X-Men'', solo series for ''[Jean Grey](/source/Jean_Grey)'', ''[Wolverine](/source/Wolverine_(character))'' (Logan), ''[Storm](/source/Storm_(Marvel_Comics))'', ''[Dazzler](/source/Dazzler_(Marvel_Comics))'', ''[Mystique](/source/Mystique_(character))'', ''[Psylocke](/source/Psylocke)'', ''[Wolverine](/source/X-23)'' (Laura Kinney) and ''[Magik](/source/Magik),'' and a new series for ''Sentinels''.{{Cite web |title=The Future of the X-Men Revealed |url=https://www.marvel.com/articles/comics/x-men-summer-2024-titles-creative-teams |access-date=2024-03-16 |website=www.marvel.com}}{{Cite web |title=Dazzler Lights Up the World in New Solo Comic Book Series |url=https://www.marvel.com/articles/comics/dazzler-jason-loo-rafael-loureiro-x-men-from-the-ashes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240625083944/https://www.marvel.com/articles/comics/dazzler-jason-loo-rafael-loureiro-x-men-from-the-ashes |archive-date=June 25, 2024 |access-date=2024-06-20 |website=www.marvel.com}}{{Cite web |last=Marston |first=George |date=2024-06-03 |title=The X-Men comics are relaunching with 10 new and returning titles - here's everything you need to know |url=https://www.gamesradar.com/comics/marvel-comics/x-men-relaunch-from-the-ashes-all-titles/ |access-date=2024-06-09 |website=[GamesRadar+](/source/GamesRadar%2B)}}{{Cite web |title=Mystique Goes to Deadly Lengths to Protect What's Hers in New Solo Series |url=https://www.marvel.com/articles/comics/mystique-limited-series-declan-shalvey-x-men-from-the-ashes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629010404/https://www.marvel.com/articles/comics/mystique-limited-series-declan-shalvey-x-men-from-the-ashes |archive-date=June 29, 2024 |access-date=2024-06-29 |website=www.marvel.com}}{{Cite web |title=New 'Sentinels' Series Sends a Team of Cyborg Soldiers After the Deadliest Mutants on Earth |url=https://www.marvel.com/articles/comics/x-men-sentinels-series-alex-paknadel-justin-mason |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240628145322/https://www.marvel.com/articles/comics/x-men-sentinels-series-alex-paknadel-justin-mason |archive-date=June 28, 2024 |access-date=2024-06-29 |website=www.marvel.com}} Notable addition to the X-Men have been [Kid Omega](/source/Quentin_Quire), [Temper](/source/Oya_(comics)) and Animalia. Notable story arc of this era are "Raid on Graymalkin" (2024), "X-Manhunt" (2025), "Giant-Size X-Men" (2025), and "[Age of Revelation](/source/Age_of_Revelation)" (2025). The X-Men were also involved in the "[Blood Hunt](/source/Blood_Hunt_(comics))" and "[One World Under Doom](/source/One_World_Under_Doom)" storylines. {| class="wikitable sortable" style="margins:auto; width=95%; font-size: 95%;" |- !width="15%"|Team !Details !{{Abbr|Ref|Reference}} |- {{Episode table/part|subtitle=Flagship teams|c=gold}} |- |''[X-Men](/source/X-Men_(comic_book)),'' vol. 7 |Scott Summers is leading a team from their base in Alaska using Cerebra to secure mutantkind's future. |{{cite web |last=McMillan |first=Graeme |date=March 14, 2024 |title=Marvel's X-Men revamp plans include three X-Men groups, two spin-off groups, and 4 solo titles |url=https://www.thepopverse.com/x-men-marvel-exceptional-uncanny-from-the-ashes-2024-jed-mackay-gail-simone-eve-ewing |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240808010240/https://www.thepopverse.com/x-men-marvel-exceptional-uncanny-from-the-ashes-2024-jed-mackay-gail-simone-eve-ewing |archive-date=August 8, 2024 |access-date=May 8, 2024 |website=Popverse}}{{Cite web |last=Harth |first=David |date=2024-05-14 |title=X-Men: Cyclops's From The Ashes Team, Explained |url=https://www.cbr.com/cyclops-new-xmen-team-from-the-ashes/ |access-date=2024-06-20 |website=CBR}} |- |''Uncanny X-Men,'' vol. 6 |Rogue leads a team of outlaw heroes from their new base of operations in New Orleans. |{{Cite web |last=Harth |first=David |date=2024-05-10 |title=Uncanny X-Men: Rogue And Gambit's From The Ashes Team, Explained |url=https://www.cbr.com/uncanny-xmen-rogue-gambit-from-the-ashes/ |access-date=2024-06-20 |website=CBR}} |- |''Exceptional X-Men'' |Emma Frost and Kate Pryde mentor an all-new team of young mutants in Chicago. |{{Cite web |last=Parker |first=Thayer Preece |date=2024-05-09 |title=Exceptional X-Men: Emma Frost and Kate Pryde's From The Ashes Team, Explained |url=https://www.cbr.com/exceptional-xmen-emma-frost-kitty-pryde-from-the-ashes/ |access-date=2024-06-20 |website=CBR}} |- {{Episode table/part|subtitle=Other teams|c=gold}} |- |''[NYX](/source/NYX_(2003_series))'', vol. 2 |A group of young mutants �� [Kamala Khan](/source/Kamala_Khan) (codename Ms. Marvel), Laura Kinney (codename [Wolverine](/source/Wolverine_(character))), [Anole](/source/Anole_(character)), [Prodigy](/source/Prodigy_(David_Alleyne)) and [Sophie Cuckoo](/source/Sophie_Cuckoo) – navigate New York City as the mutant community adapts to the post-Krakoan Age. |{{cite web |last=Marston |first=George |date=April 12, 2024 |title=Cult classic X-Men title NYX relaunches with Ms. Marvel and Laura Kinney's Wolverine in the spotlight |url=https://www.gamesradar.com/NYX-X-Men-relaunch/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240411220928/https://www.gamesradar.com/NYX-X-Men-relaunch/ |archive-date=April 11, 2024 |access-date=May 8, 2024 |website=GamesRadar+}} |- |''X-Factor'', vol. 5 |Angel and Havok co-lead a government-sanctioned team for mutant propaganda. |{{cite web |last=Marston |first=George |date=May 8, 2024 |title=X-Factor joins the new X-Men line this summer as a team of government sanctioned mutant influencers |url=https://www.gamesradar.com/comics/x-factor-relaunch-x-men-2024/ |access-date=May 8, 2024 |website=GamesRadar+}} |- |''X-Force'', vol. 7 |Forge leads a mutant team in off-the-books missions to solve the increasing threats across the planet. |{{cite web |last=Marston |first=George |date=April 9, 2024 |title=X-Force is relaunching this summer with Forge in charge, and he's planning to fix the whole world |url=https://www.gamesradar.com/x-force-2024-relaunch-announcement/ |access-date=May 8, 2024 |website=GamesRadar+}} |- |''Weapon X-Men'', vol. 2 |A lethal striketeam (Wolverine, Cable, Deadpool, Thunderbird and [Chamber](/source/Chamber_(character))) targeting enemy stronghold. |{{Cite web |title=Wolverine, Deadpool, Cable and More Assemble a Deadly New Strike Force in 'Weapon X-Men' |url=https://www.marvel.com/articles/comics/new-weapon-x-men-series-wolverine-deadpool-cable-first-look |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241115230758/https://www.marvel.com/articles/comics/new-weapon-x-men-series-wolverine-deadpool-cable-first-look |archive-date=November 15, 2024 |access-date=2024-11-15 |website=www.marvel.com}} |- |} === Shadows of Tomorrow === {{main|X-Men: Shadows of Tomorrow}} Announced during [NYCC](/source/New_York_Comic_Con) 2025, the relaunch of the X-Men line of comic books will see the team united in the aftermath of ''[Age of Revelation](/source/Age_of_Revelation)''. The announcement confirmed continuation of the series ''X-Men'', ''Uncanny X-Men'', and ''Wolverine'', new ongoing series ''Inglorious X-Force'', ''Generation X-23'', and ''Wade Wilson: Deadpool'', and new limited series ''Storm: Earth's Mightiest Mutant,'' ''Cyclops'', ''Rogue'', and ''Magik & Colossus''.{{Cite web |last=Marvel |title=NYCC 2025: The X-Men Enter the 'Shadows of Tomorrow' |url=https://www.marvel.com/articles/comics/x-men-enter-the-shadows-of-tomorrow-nycc-2025 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251026010253/https://www.marvel.com/articles/comics/x-men-enter-the-shadows-of-tomorrow-nycc-2025 |archive-date=October 26, 2025 |access-date=2025-10-20 |website=www.marvel.com}} A later announcement was made for a new ongoing series ''X-Men United'' featuring Emma Frost founding the Graymatter Lane and limited series for ''Moonstar'' and ''Bishop''.{{Cite web |last=Marvel |title=The X-Men Stand Together in 'X-Men United' |url=https://www.marvel.com/articles/comics/x-men-united-1-cover-shadows-of-tomorrow-march-2026 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251121185512/https://www.marvel.com/articles/comics/x-men-united-1-cover-shadows-of-tomorrow-march-2026 |archive-date=November 21, 2025 |access-date=2025-11-21 |website=www.marvel.com}}{{Cite web |last=Marvel |title=Moonstar Takes Charge to Protect the Souls of the Marvel Universe in Her First-Ever Solo Series |url=https://www.marvel.com/articles/comics/moonstar-takes-charge-in-her-first-ever-solo-series-march-2026 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251127201155/https://www.marvel.com/articles/comics/moonstar-takes-charge-in-her-first-ever-solo-series-march-2026 |archive-date=November 27, 2025 |access-date=2025-12-04 |website=www.marvel.com}}{{Cite web |last=Marvel |title=The Future Reclaims Bishop in New Solo Series |url=https://www.marvel.com/articles/comics/bishop-2026-solo-series-announcement-variant-covers |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=www.marvel.com |language=en}} Notable story arc of this era is "DNX" (2026). The X-Men were also involved in the "Armageddon" storyline. == Team roster == {{Hatnote|This section contains the overview of X-Men members. For detailed version, see [List of X-Men members](/source/List_of_X-Men_members).}} {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;" |- ! style="width:20%;" |Team/Membership type ! style="width:80%;" |Member |- !Main team members |{{hlist|[Angel](/source/Warren_Worthington) [Ariel](/source/Ariel_(comics)){{cite web |author=Collura, Scott |date=January 16, 2015 |title=Every X-Man Ever |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2015/01/16/every-x-man-ever |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241202113020/https://www.ign.com/articles/2015/01/16/every-x-man-ever |archive-date=December 2, 2024 |access-date=November 30, 2024 |website=IGN}}|[Armor](/source/Armor_(Marvel_Comics_character))|[Aurora](/source/Aurora_(comics))|[Banshee](/source/Banshee_(character))|[Beast](/source/Beast_(Marvel_Comics))|[Betsy Braddock](/source/Betsy_Braddock)|[Bishop](/source/Bishop_(Marvel_Comics))|[Blink](/source/Blink_(character)){{cite web |author=Jalali, Jessica |date=July 11, 2023 |title=14 Most Powerful X-Men Members Who Joined in the 2010s (Ranked) |url=https://screenrant.com/xmen-most-powerful-members-joined-2010s-ranked/ |access-date=November 30, 2024 |website=Screen Rant}}|[Boom-Boom](/source/Tabitha_Smith)|[Cable](/source/Cable_(character))|[Cannonball](/source/Cannonball_(Marvel_Comics))|[Cecilia Reyes](/source/Cecilia_Reyes)|[Cerebra](/source/No-Girl){{cite web |title=''X of Swords Handbook'' (2020) #1 |url=https://www.marvel.com/comics/issue/88757/x_of_swords_handbook_2020_1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230607130216/https://www.marvel.com/comics/issue/88757/x_of_swords_handbook_2020_1 |archive-date=June 7, 2023 |access-date=November 30, 2024 |website=Marvel}}|[Chamber](/source/Chamber_(character))|[Changeling](/source/Changeling_(Marvel_Comics_character))|[Charles Xavier](/source/Charles_Xavier)|[Cloak and Dagger](/source/Cloak_and_Dagger_(characters))|[Colossus](/source/Colossus_(character))|[Cyclops](/source/Cyclops_(Marvel_Comics))|[Cypher](/source/Cypher_(Marvel_Comics))|[Danger](/source/Danger_Room)|[Darwin](/source/Darwin_(character))|[Dazzler](/source/Dazzler_(Marvel_Comics))|[Doctor Nemesis](/source/Doctor_Nemesis)|[Domino](/source/Domino_(character))| [Emma Frost](/source/Emma_Frost)|[Firestar](/source/Firestar_(Marvel_Comics))|[Forge](/source/Forge_(character)){{cite web |title=''Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe A to Z'' Vol. 13 (Hardcover) |url=https://www.marvel.com/comics/collection/28888/official_handbook_of_the_marvel_universe_a_to_z_vol_13_hardcover |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241202061011/https://www.marvel.com/comics/collection/28888/official_handbook_of_the_marvel_universe_a_to_z_vol_13_hardcover |archive-date=December 2, 2024 |access-date=November 30, 2024 |website=Marvel}}|[ForgetMeNot](/source/ForgetMeNot_(Xabi))|[Frenzy](/source/Joanna_Cargill)|[Gambit](/source/Gambit_(Marvel_Comics))|[Gentle](/source/Gentle_(character))|[Glob Herman](/source/Glob_Herman){{cite web |author=Jansons, Isaac |date=July 19, 2024 |title=Cyclops' New X-Men Team Roster - Every Hero & Support Staff Member Explained in Full |url=https://screenrant.com/xmen-cyclops-new-team-roster-heroes-explained/ |access-date=November 30, 2024 |website=Screen Rant}}|[Havok](/source/Havok_(character))|[Hepzibah](/source/Hepzibah_(character))|[Honey Badger](/source/Gabby_Kinney){{cite web |author=Cardona, Ian |date=March 9, 2018 |title=''X-Men Red'': Meet Trinary, The Marvel Universe's Newest Major Mutant |url=https://www.cbr.com/x-men-red-trinary-explained/ |access-date=November 30, 2024 |website=CBR}}|[Hope Summers](/source/Hope_Summers_(character))|[Husk](/source/Husk_(comics))|[Iceman](/source/Iceman_(Marvel_Comics))|[Ink](/source/Ink_(comics))|[Jean Grey](/source/Jean_Grey)|[Jen Starkey](/source/Animalia_(character)){{cite web |author=M., Keith |date=August 27, 2025 |title=Review: ''X-Men'' #21 Pushes The Team To Their Limit |url=https://www.nexuspointnews.com/post/review-x-men-21 |access-date=August 27, 2025 |website=Nexus Point News}}|[Joseph](/source/Joseph_(comics))|[Jubilee](/source/Jubilee_(character))|[Juggernaut](/source/Juggernaut_(character))|[Karma](/source/Karma_(character))|[Kate Pryde](/source/Kitty_Pryde)|[Kid Omega](/source/Quentin_Quire)|[Kuan-Yin Xorn](/source/Xorn)|[Kwannon](/source/Kwannon_(character))|[Lady Mastermind](/source/Lady_Mastermind)|[Laura Kinney](/source/X-23)|[Legion](/source/Legion_(Marvel_Comics))|[Lifeguard](/source/Lifeguard_(character))|[Lockheed](/source/Lockheed_(character))|[Longshot](/source/Longshot_(Marvel_Comics))|[Madison Jeffries](/source/Madison_Jeffries)|[Maggott](/source/Maggott)|[Magik](/source/Magik)|[Magma](/source/Magma_(character))|[Magneto](/source/Magneto_(Marvel_Comics))|[Marrow](/source/Marrow_(character))|[Mimic](/source/Mimic_(Marvel_Comics))|[Mirage](/source/Danielle_Moonstar)|[Monet St. Croix](/source/M_(Marvel_Comics))|[Ms. Marvel](/source/Kamala_Khan){{cite web |author=Marston, George |date=August 2, 2023 |title=What the heck is going on with Ms. Marvel right now? |url=https://www.gamesradar.com/what-the-heck-is-going-on-with-ms-marvel-right-now/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230803012757/https://www.gamesradar.com/what-the-heck-is-going-on-with-ms-marvel-right-now/ |archive-date=August 3, 2023 |access-date=November 30, 2024 |website=GamesRadar+}}|[Multiple Man](/source/Jamie_Madrox)|[Mystique](/source/Mystique_(character))|[Namor](/source/Namor)|[Nightcrawler](/source/Nightcrawler_(character))|[Northstar](/source/Northstar_(character)){{cite web |author=Goodwillie, Ian |date=February 3, 2021 |title=X-Factor: 10 Things Fans Should Know About Northstar |url=https://www.cbr.com/x-factor-northstar-trivia-details/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241209060310/https://www.cbr.com/x-factor-northstar-trivia-details/ |archive-date=December 9, 2024 |access-date=November 30, 2024 |website=CBR}}|[Old Man Logan](/source/Old_Man_Logan){{cite web |date=September 15, 2015 |title=''Extraordinary X-Men'' #1 |url=https://www.cbr.com/extraordinary-x-men-1-3/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240814222948/https://www.cbr.com/extraordinary-x-men-1-3/ |archive-date=August 14, 2024 |access-date=November 30, 2024 |website=CBR}}|[Omega Sentinel](/source/Karima_Shapandar)|[Petra](/source/Petra_(comics))|[Pixie](/source/Pixie_(X-Men))|[Polaris](/source/Polaris_(Marvel_Comics))|[Prodigy](/source/Prodigy_(David_Alleyne)){{cite web |author=Schedeen, Jesse |date=July 27, 2023 |title=How ''X-Men: The Hellfire Gala 2023'' Overturns the Mutant Status Quo |url=https://in.ign.com/immortal-x-men-2022/190036/feature/how-x-men-the-hellfire-gala-2023-overturns-the-mutant-status-quo |access-date=November 30, 2024 |website=IGN India}}|[Professor X](/source/Professor_X)|[Pyro](/source/Pyro_(Marvel_Comics)){{cite web |author=Batley, Steve |date=March 21, 2018 |title=Review: ''X-Men Gold #23'' (Gold Is the New ''Orange Is the New Black'') |url=https://comic-watch.com/comic-book-reviews/xmengold23 |access-date=November 30, 2024 |website=Comic Watch}}|[Rachel Grey](/source/Rachel_Summers)|[Rasputin IV](/source/Rasputin_IV)|[Rogue](/source/Rogue_(Marvel_Comics))|[Sabretooth](/source/Sabretooth_(character)) |[Sage](/source/Sage_(Marvel_Comics))|[Shadowcat](/source/Shadowcat)|[Shatterstar](/source/Shatterstar)|[Shen Xorn](/source/Shen_Xorn)|[Slipstream](/source/Slipstream_(character)) [Stacy X](/source/Stacy_X)|[Storm](/source/Storm_(Marvel_Comics))|[Sunfire](/source/Sunfire_(character))|[Sunspot](/source/Sunspot_(Marvel_Comics))|[Sway](/source/Sway_(comics))|[Synch](/source/Synch_(character)){{cite web |author=Michel, Katie |date=June 12, 2021 |title=Marvel Officially Reveals New X-Men Team in Epic Fashion |url=https://screenrant.com/new-x-men-team-reveal-hellfire-gala-art/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204100811/https://screenrant.com/new-x-men-team-reveal-hellfire-gala-art/ |archive-date=December 4, 2024 |access-date=November 30, 2024 |website=Screen Rant}}|[Temper](/source/Oya_(comics))|[Thunderbird (Proudstar)](/source/Thunderbird_(John_Proudstar))|[Thunderbird (Shaara)](/source/Thunderbird_(Neal_Shaara))|[Trinary](/source/Trinary_(character))|[Vulcan](/source/Vulcan_(Marvel_Comics))|[Warbird](/source/Warbird_(comics))|[Warlock](/source/Warlock_(New_Mutants))|[Warpath](/source/Warpath_(character))|[Warren Worthington](/source/Warren_Worthington_III)|[White Queen](/source/Emma_Frost)|[Wolfsbane](/source/Wolfsbane_(character))|[Wolverine](/source/Wolverine_(character))|[X-Man](/source/Nate_Grey) }} |[X-23](/source/X-23) !X-Men trainees{{efn|name=Sub-team|These characters have not joined the main team but were trainees or members of substitute teams.}} |{{hlist|[Anole](/source/Anole_(character))|[Blindfold](/source/Blindfold_(character))|[Bling!](/source/Bling!)|[Calico](/source/Calico_(comics)){{cite web |author=Brooke, David |date=November 26, 2024 |title=New X-Men get variant cover spotlight starting in February 2025 |url=https://aiptcomics.com/2024/11/26/x-men-variant-february-2025/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250121231159/https://aiptcomics.com/2024/11/26/x-men-variant-february-2025/ |archive-date=January 21, 2025 |access-date=December 29, 2024 |website=AIPT}}|[Cipher](/source/Cipher_(comics))|[Deathdream](/source/Deathdream_(comics))|[Dust](/source/Dust_(character)){{cite web |author=Fulton, James |date=September 3, 2017 |title=Retro Reviews: ''New X-Men'' #20-46 By Yost, Kyle, Medina, Young, Brooks, Ramos & Others For Marvel Comics |url=https://insidepulse.com/2017/09/03/retro-reviews-new-x-men-20-46-by-yost-kyle-medina-young-brooks-ramos-others-for-marvel-comics/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241202141420/https://insidepulse.com/2017/09/03/retro-reviews-new-x-men-20-46-by-yost-kyle-medina-young-brooks-ramos-others-for-marvel-comics/ |archive-date=December 2, 2024 |access-date=November 30, 2024 |website=Inside Pulse}}|[Elixir](/source/Elixir_(character))|[Graymalkin](/source/Graymalkin)|[Hellion](/source/Hellion_(character))|[Indra](/source/Indra_(character)){{cite web |title=''X-Men: Earth's Mutant Heroes'' (2010) #1 |url=https://www.marvel.com/comics/issue/37491/x-men_earths_mutant_heroes_2010_1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241202165612/https://www.marvel.com/comics/issue/37491/x-men_earths_mutant_heroes_2010_1 |archive-date=December 2, 2024 |access-date=November 30, 2024 |website=Marvel}}|[Jitter](/source/Jitter_(comics))|[Loa](/source/Loa_(comics))|[Match](/source/Match_(Marvel_Comics))|[Mercury](/source/Mercury_(Marvel_Comics))|[No-Girl](/source/Martha_Johansson)|[Onyxx](/source/Onyxx)|[Primal](/source/Primal_(Marvel_Comics))|[Ransom](/source/Ransom_(comics))|[Rockslide](/source/Rockslide_(character))|[Sebastian Shaw](/source/Sebastian_Shaw_(character))|[Stepford Cuckoos](/source/Stepford_Cuckoos) (Celeste, Mindee and Phoebe)|[Surge](/source/Surge_(Marvel_Comics))|[Trance](/source/Trance_(character))|[Transonic](/source/Transonic_(comics)){{cite web |author=Schlesinger, Alex |date=April 1, 2024 |title=Avengers' New Speedster Puts a Body Horror Twist on Quicksilver's Powers |url=https://screenrant.com/avengers-new-speedster-body-horror-twist-quicksilvers-powers/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250725101656/https://screenrant.com/avengers-new-speedster-body-horror-twist-quicksilvers-powers/ |archive-date=July 25, 2025 |access-date=November 30, 2024 |website=Screen Rant}}|[Velocidad](/source/Velocidad_(comics))|[Zero](/source/Kenji_Uedo)}} |- !Other sub-team members{{efn|name=Sub-team}} |{{hlist|[Alysande Stuart](/source/Alysande_Stuart)|[Amanda Sefton](/source/Amanda_Sefton)|[Beak](/source/Barnell_Bohusk)|[Bloodstorm](/source/Bloodstorm_(Ororo_Munroe)){{cite web |author=Hassan, Chris |date=September 27, 2017 |title=''X-Men: Blue'' #12 Review |url=https://aiptcomics.com/2017/09/27/x-men-blue-12-review/ |access-date=November 30, 2024 |website=AIPT}}|[Caliban](/source/Caliban_(Marvel_Comics)){{cite web |author=Davison, Josh |date=May 17, 2020 |title=X-Force: The Team's 10 Strongest Rosters, Ranked |url=https://www.cbr.com/marvel-comics-x-force-strongest-rosters-ranked/ |access-date=November 30, 2024 |website=CBR}}|[Choir](/source/List_of_Marvel_Comics_characters%3A_C)|[Daken](/source/Daken){{cite web |author=Melrose, Kevin |date=January 23, 2018 |title=Marvel's ''X-Men Blue'' Promises a New Team Lineup |url=https://www.cbr.com/x-men-blue-25-new-team-marvel-comics/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241213072157/https://www.cbr.com/x-men-blue-25-new-team-marvel-comics/ |archive-date=December 13, 2024 |access-date=November 30, 2024 |website=CBR}}|[E.V.A.](/source/Fantomex)|[Fantomex](/source/Fantomex)|[Forearm](/source/List_of_Marvel_Comics_characters%3A_F)|[Gazing Nightshade](/source/Gazing_Nightshade)|[Genesis](/source/Evan_Sabahnur){{cite web |author=Lovett, Jamie |date=September 6, 2017 |title=Exclusive: ''All-New X-Men'' #1 Cover Reveals Two New Team Members |url=https://comicbook.com/comicbook/news/exclusive-all-new-x-men-1-cover-reveals-two-new-team-members/ |access-date=November 30, 2024 |website=Comic Book}}|[Kavita Rao](/source/Kavita_Rao){{cite web |author=Zachary, Brandon |date=May 17, 2021 |title=X-Men: How Beast and the X-Club Built a New Future for Mutants |url=https://www.cbr.com/x-men-beast-x-club/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241209045633/https://www.cbr.com/x-men-beast-x-club/ |archive-date=December 9, 2024 |access-date=November 30, 2024 |website=CBR}}|[Longneck](/source/Longneck_(comics))|[Moira MacTaggert](/source/Moira_MacTaggert)|[Omerta](/source/Omert%C3%A0_(comics))|Pickles{{cite web |author=White, Brett |date=October 20, 2015 |title=X-Position: Hopeless Talks Pickles and Predicaments in ''All-New X-Men'' |url=https://www.cbr.com/x-position-hopeless-talks-pickles-and-predicaments-in-all-new-x-men/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240815030813/https://www.cbr.com/x-position-hopeless-talks-pickles-and-predicaments-in-all-new-x-men/ |archive-date=August 15, 2024 |access-date=November 30, 2024 |website=CBR}}|[Poison](/source/Jimmy_Hudson){{cite web |author=Hassan, Chris |date=June 29, 2017 |title=''X-Men: Blue'' #6 Review |url=https://aiptcomics.com/2017/06/29/x-men-blue-6-review/ |access-date=November 30, 2024 |website=AIPT}}|[Sharon Friedlander](/source/Sharon_Friedlander)|[Siryn](/source/Siryn)|[Sunder](/source/Sunder_(comics))|[Sunpyre](/source/Sunpyre)|[Tom Corsi](/source/Tom_Corsi)|[Vanisher](/source/Vanisher)|[Wraith](/source/Wraith_(Hector_Rendoza))|Yuriko Takiguchi|Unidentified skrull}} |- !Infiltrators |{{hlist|[Dark Beast](/source/Dark_Beast_(Marvel_Comics)){{cite web |author=White, Brett |date=December 18, 2016 |title=Beast Mode: Tracking The Avenging X-Man's Physical Evolution |url=https://www.cbr.com/beast-mode-tracking-the-avenging-x-mans-physical-evolution/ |access-date=November 30, 2024 |website=CBR}}|[Phoenix Force](/source/Phoenix_Force)|Unidentified [skrull](/source/skrull)}} |- !Honorary |{{hlist|[Lucid](/source/Lucid_(comics))}} |} {{notelist}} ==Enemies== {{Main|List of X-Men enemies}} The X-Men have a rogues gallery of enemies they fight on a regular basis, the most well-known being [Magneto](/source/Magneto_(Marvel_Comics)), the mutant Master of Magnetism and Professor X's former friend. Other popular enemies include the shapeshifting [Mystique](/source/Mystique_(character)), the ancient mutant [Apocalypse](/source/Apocalypse_(character)), the mad scientist [Mister Sinister](/source/Mister_Sinister), the mutant-hunting [Sentinel](/source/Sentinel_(comics)) robots, villain teams such as the [Brotherhood of Evil Mutants](/source/Brotherhood_of_Evil_Mutants) and the [Hellfire Club](/source/Hellfire_Club_(comics)), and the constant racism and discrimination from humans. ==Themes and motifs== {{AI-generated|section|date=November 2025}} The X-Men use many recurring plot-devices and motifs for their various story arcs over the years that have become commonplace within the X-Men canon. ===Reflecting social issues=== The conflict between mutants and normal humans is often compared to real-world conflicts experienced by minority groups in [America](/source/America) such as [African Americans](/source/African_Americans), various religious or non-religious groups, [ethnic minorities](/source/ethnic_minorities), [autistic](/source/autistic) individuals, the [LGBTQ community](/source/LGBT_community), etc.{{cite journal |last1=Hall |first1=Kelley J. |last2=Lucal |first2=Betsy |date=January 1999 |title=Tapping into parallel universes: using superhero comic books in sociology courses |journal=Teaching Sociology |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=60–66 |doi=10.2307/1319247 |issn=0092-055X |jstor=1319247}}{{cite book |last=Shuckburgh |first=Emily |author-link=Emily Shuckburgh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t1Gsqgt8GoQC |title=Survival: the survival of the human race |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-521-71020-6 |page=69 |access-date=July 14, 2011}} It has been remarked that attitudes towards mutants do not make sense in the context of the Marvel Universe, since non-mutants with similar powers are rarely regarded with fear; ''X-Men'' editor [Ann Nocenti](/source/Ann_Nocenti) remarked that "I think that's literary, really – because there is no difference between Colossus and [the Torch](/source/Human_Torch). If a guy comes into my office in flames, or a guy comes into my office and turns to steel, I'm going to have the same reaction. It doesn't really matter that I know their origins. ... as a book, ''The X-Men'' has always represented something different – their powers arrive at puberty, making them analogous to the changes you go through at adolescence – whether they're special, or out of control, or setting you apart – the misfit identity theme."{{cite news |last=O'Neill |first=Patrick Daniel |date=October 1986 |title=Ann Nocenti |work=[Comics Interview](/source/Comics_Interview) |publisher=[Fictioneer Books](/source/Fictioneer_Books) |pages=58–59 |issue=39}} Also on an individual level, a number of X-Men serve a [metaphor](/source/metaphor)ical function as their powers illustrate points about the nature of the outsider. {{quote box | quote=The X-Men are hated, feared and despised collectively by humanity for no other reason than that they are mutants. So what we have here, intended or not, is a book that is about racism, bigotry and prejudice.|source= —''Uncanny X-Men'' writer [Chris Claremont](/source/Chris_Claremont), 1981 | width=20em | align=right}} * [Racism](/source/Racism): Although this was not initially the case, [Professor X](/source/Professor_X) has come to be compared to [civil rights movement](/source/civil_rights_movement) leader [Martin Luther King Jr.](/source/Martin_Luther_King_Jr.) and [Magneto](/source/Magneto_(Marvel_Comics)) to the more militant [Malcolm X](/source/Malcolm_X).{{cite web |author=Darius, Julan |date=September 25, 2002 |title=X-Men is Not an Allegory of Racial Tolerance |url=http://www.sequart.org/magazine/3201/x-men-is-not-an-allegory-of-racial-tolerance/ |access-date=August 1, 2011 |work=Sequart Research & Literacy Organization}}{{cite journal |last1=Baron |first1=Lawrence |year=2003 |title=X-Men as J Men: The Jewish Subtext of a Comic Book Movie |url=http://muse.jhu.edu/login?uri=/journals/shofar/v022/22.1baron02.html |url-status=live |journal=[Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies](/source/Shofar%3A_An_Interdisciplinary_Journal_of_Jewish_Studies) |publisher=University of Nebraska Press |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=44–52 |doi=10.1353/sho.2003.0075 |s2cid=143511281 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110608011212/http://muse.jhu.edu/login?uri=/journals/shofar/v022/22.1baron02.html |archive-date=June 8, 2011 |access-date=July 14, 2011}}{{cite web |author=Sen, Raja |date=May 26, 2006 |title=Mutants aren't what they used to be |url=http://inhome.rediff.com/movies/2006/may/26xmen.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120415050921/http://inhome.rediff.com/movies/2006/may/26xmen.htm |archive-date=April 15, 2012 |access-date=July 14, 2011 |work=[Rediff.com](/source/Rediff.com)}} (Magneto, in the [first film](/source/X-Men_(film)), quotes Malcolm X with the line "[By any means necessary](/source/By_any_means_necessary).") X-Men comic books have often portrayed mutants as victims of [mob violence](/source/Riot), evoking images of the [lynching](/source/lynching) of African Americans in the age before the [civil rights movement](/source/civil_rights_movement).{{cite book |last=Dalton |first=Russell |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fh-BGBfea9EC&pg=PA89 |title=Marvelous Myths: Marvel Superheroes and Everyday Faith |publisher=[Chalice Press](/source/Chalice_Press) |year=2011 |isbn=978-0-8272-2338-7 |page=89 |access-date=July 14, 2011}} Sentinels and anti-mutant hate groups such as [Friends of Humanity](/source/Friends_of_Humanity), Humanity's Last Stand, the [Church of Humanity](/source/Church_of_Humanity_(comics)), and [Stryker's](/source/William_Stryker) [Purifiers](/source/Purifiers_(Marvel_Comics)) are thought to often represent oppressive forces like the [Ku Klux Klan](/source/Ku_Klux_Klan) giving a form to denial of civil rights and amendments.{{cite book |last=Lyubansky |first=Mikhail |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RdXhjmRFCIwC |title=The Psychology of Superheroes: An Unauthorized Exploration |publisher=[Benbella Books](/source/Benbella_Books) |year=2008 |isbn=978-1-933771-31-1 |pages=75–90 |chapter=Prejudice lessons from the Xavier Institute |access-date=July 14, 2011}} :1980s storylines involving the fictional island nation of [Genosha](/source/Genosha), where mutants are segregated and enslaved by an [apartheid](/source/crime_of_apartheid) state, are widely interpreted as a reference to the contemporary situation of [apartheid in South Africa](/source/apartheid_in_South_Africa).{{cite book |last=Booker |first=M. Keith |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K2J7DpUItEMC&pg=PA430 |title=Encyclopedia of Comic Books and Graphic Novels |publisher=[ABC-CLIO](/source/ABC-CLIO) |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-313-35746-6 |page=430 |access-date=July 14, 2011}} ''[Chamber](/source/Chamber_(character))'' (2002) explicitly cites the [Norman Rockwell](/source/Norman_Rockwell) painting ''[The Problem We All Live With](/source/The_Problem_We_All_Live_With)''. The miniseries portrays using the mutant context [affirmative action](/source/affirmative_action_in_the_United_States), [National Guard](/source/New_York_National_Guard) troops escorting a new student, sympathetic and antagonistic majority members, and majority-supremacist terrorism. Some mutants avoid confrontation and seek integration, while more militant mutants [play the race card](/source/play_the_race_card), reject their [human-given name](/source/slave_name)s, and denounce those who do not as [Stepin Fetchit](/source/Stepin_Fetchit) and [Uncle Tom](/source/Uncle_Tom).{{Cite comic |Date=October 2002 |Title=Chamber |Story=The Hollow Man: Chapter One |Issue=1 |Volume=1 |Publisher=Marvel Comics |url=https://www.marvel.com/comics/issue/73157/chamber_2002_1 |Writer=Vaughan, Brian K. |Penciller=Ferguson, Lee |Inker=Rapmund, Norm |Colorist=Villarruiba, Jose |Letterer=Sharpe, Dave |Editor=Raicht, Mike; Quesada, Joe}} * [Antisemitism](/source/Antisemitism): Explicitly referenced in recent decades is the comparison between antimutant sentiment and antisemitism. Magneto, a [Holocaust](/source/The_Holocaust) survivor, sees the situation of mutants as similar to those of Jews in [Nazi Germany](/source/Nazi_Germany).{{cite book |last1=Housel |first1=Rebecca |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bK-ax5Ttj3wC |title=X-Men and philosophy: astonishing insight and uncanny argument in the mutant ... |author2=Wisnewski, Jeremy |publisher=John Wiley and Sons |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-470-41340-1 |access-date=July 14, 2011}} At one point he even utters the words "never again" in a 1992 episode of the ''X-Men'' animated series. The mutant slave labor camps on the island of [Genosha](/source/Genosha), in which numbers were burned into mutant's foreheads, show much in common with [Nazi concentration camps](/source/Nazi_concentration_camps),{{cite book |last=Weiner |first=Robert G. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=npIsZV7grboC |title=Marvel graphic novels and related publications: an annotated guide to comics, prose novels, children's books, articles, criticism and reference works, 1965–2005 |publisher=[McFarland](/source/McFarland_%26_Company) |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-7864-2500-6 |page=309 |access-date=July 14, 2011}}{{cite journal |last1=Raafat |first1=Ahmed |last2=Nasser |first2=Ali |date=May 2006 |title=Spotlight X-Men |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VfLEhSj1FSUC&pg=PT31 |journal=TeenStuff |issue=99 |access-date=July 14, 2011}} as do the internment camps of the classic "[Days of Future Past](/source/Days_of_Future_Past)" storyline.{{cite web |author=Powell, John |date=July 14, 2000 |title=The X-Men slay Batman |url=http://jam.canoe.com/Movies/Reviews/X/X_Men/2000/07/14/754792.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160311224316/http://jam.canoe.com/Movies/Reviews/X/X_Men/2000/07/14/754792.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=March 11, 2016 |access-date=July 14, 2011 |work=[Jam!](/source/Jam!)}} In the third X-Men film, when asked by Callisto: "If you're so proud of being a mutant, then where's your mark?" Magneto shows his concentration camp tattoo, while mentioning that he will never let another needle touch his skin. In the prequel film ''[X-Men: First Class](/source/X-Men%3A_First_Class)'', a fourteen-year-old Magneto suffers [Nazi human experimentation](/source/Nazi_human_experimentation) during his time in the camps and witnesses his mother's death by gunshot. * [Diversity](/source/Multiculturalism): Characters within the X-Men mythos hail from a wide variety of nationalities. These characters also reflect religious, ethnic or sexual minorities. Examples include Kitty Pryde/Shadowcat, Magneto and [Sabra](/source/Sabra_(character)) who are [of Jewish descent](/source/Jews). [Dust](/source/Dust_(character)), [Ms. Marvel](/source/Kamala_Khan), and [M](/source/M_(Marvel_Comics)) who are [Muslim](/source/Muslim), [Nightcrawler](/source/Nightcrawler_(character)) who is a devout [Catholic](/source/Catholic). [Neal Shaara/Thunderbird](/source/Thunderbird_(Neal_Shaara)) who is [Hindu](/source/Hinduism). Jubilee is [Chinese American](/source/Chinese_American), [Gambit](/source/Gambit_(Marvel_Comics)) is born to [Cajun](/source/Cajun) parents from [New Orleans](/source/New_Orleans) and [Rogue](/source/Rogue_(Marvel_Comics)) is from Caledecott County, [Mississippi](/source/Mississippi) both of whom are [Southerners](/source/White_Southerners). Warpath and his brother, the Thunderbird, are [Native Americans of Apache descent](/source/Apache). [Storm](/source/Storm_(Marvel_Comics)) represents two aspects of the African diaspora as her father was [African American](/source/African_American) and her mother was [Kenyan](/source/Kenyan). [Karma](/source/Karma_(character)) was portrayed as a devout Catholic from [Vietnam](/source/Vietnam), who regularly attended Mass and confession when she was introduced as a founding member of [the New Mutants](/source/New_Mutants).Marvel Graphic Novel #4 This team also included [Wolfsbane](/source/Wolfsbane_(character)) (a devout [Scottish](/source/Scottish_people) [Presbyterian](/source/Presbyterian)), [Danielle Moonstar](/source/Danielle_Moonstar) (a [Native American of Cheyenne descent](/source/Cheyenne_(ethnic_group))), [Cannonball](/source/Cannonball_(Marvel_Comics)), and was later joined by [Magma](/source/Magma_(character)) (a devout [Greco-Roman](/source/Greco-Roman) classical religionist). Different nationalities included Wolverine, [Aurora](/source/Aurora_(comics)), [Northstar](/source/Northstar_(character)), Deadpool and [Transonic](/source/Transonic_(comics)) from [Canada](/source/Canada); Colossus and Magik from [Russia](/source/Russia); Banshee and [Siryn](/source/Siryn) from [Ireland](/source/Ireland); Dust from [Afghanistan](/source/Afghanistan); Psylocke, Wolfsbane and [Chamber](/source/Chamber_(character)) from the [United Kingdom](/source/United_Kingdom); Sunfire, [Armor](/source/Armor_(Marvel_Comics_character)), [Surge](/source/Surge_(Marvel_Comics)) and [Zero](/source/Kenji_Uedo) from [Japan](/source/Japan); Sunspot from [Brazil](/source/Brazil); M from [Monaco](/source/Monaco); Nightcrawler from [Germany](/source/Germany); Sabra from [Israel](/source/Israel); [Omega Sentinel](/source/Karima_Shapandar), Neal Shaara, [Kavita Rao](/source/Kavita_Rao), [Indra](/source/Indra_(character)) and [Trinary](/source/Trinary_(character)) from [India](/source/India); [Velocidad](/source/Velocidad_(comics)) from [Mexico](/source/Mexico); [Oya](/source/Oya_(comics)) from [Nigeria](/source/Nigeria); [Primal](/source/Primal_(Marvel_Comics)) from [Ukraine](/source/Ukraine); etc.{{cite web |last=Beckerman |first=Jim |date=July 5, 2006 |title=Comic-book characters defy stereotypes: Writers stretch appeal through diverse heroes |url=https://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/life/4023836.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060706151652/http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/life/4023836.html |archive-date=July 6, 2006 |access-date=July 14, 2011 |work=Chron}}{{cite journal |last1=Trushell |first1=John M. |date=August 2004 |title=American Dreams of Mutants: The X-Men—"Pulp" Fiction, Science Fiction, and Superheroes |journal=The Journal of Popular Culture |publisher=[John Wiley & Sons](/source/John_Wiley_%26_Sons) |volume=38 |issue=1 |pages=149–168 |doi=10.1111/j.0022-3840.2004.00104.x}} * [LGBT themes](/source/LGBT_rights_in_the_United_States): Some commentators have noted the similarities between the struggles of mutants and the [LGBT](/source/LGBT_social_movements) community, noting the onset of special powers around [puberty](/source/puberty) and the parallels between being [closeted](/source/closeted) and the mutants' concealment of their powers.{{cite web |last=Hartl |first=John |date=May 25, 2006 |title=The X-Men Come Out |url=https://www.today.com/popculture/x-men-come-out-wbna12956661 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170414031851/http://www.today.com/popculture/x-men-come-out-wbna12956661 |archive-date=April 14, 2017 |access-date=June 2, 2007 |work=Today.com}} In the comics series, gay and [bisexual](/source/bisexuality) characters include [Anole](/source/Anole_(character)), [Bling!](/source/Bling!), Destiny, Karma, Mystique, Psylocke, Courier, [Northstar](/source/Northstar_(character)) (whose marriage was depicted in the comics in 2012), [Graymalkin](/source/Graymalkin), [Rictor](/source/Rictor), [Shatterstar](/source/Shatterstar), Shade, the [Ultimate version](/source/Ultimate_Marvel) of Colossus and later Iceman after revealing that he is a mutant; the comics version of the character was then revealed to be gay in 2015. [Transgender](/source/Transgender) issues also come up with shapechangers like Mystique, [Copycat](/source/Copycat_(Marvel_Comics)), and Courier who can change gender at will.{{Sfn |Wolk |2021 |pp=148-149}} It has been said that the comic books and the X-Men animated series delved into the [AIDS](/source/AIDS) epidemic with a long-running plot line about the [Legacy Virus](/source/Legacy_Virus), a seemingly incurable disease thought at first to attack only mutants (similar to the AIDS virus which at first was spread through the gay community).{{cite news |author=Wenz, John |date=June 5, 2006 |title=Lesbian Batwoman in danger of becoming stereotype |url=http://www.dailynebraskan.com/opinion/lesbian-batwoman-in-danger-of-becoming-stereotype-1.303198 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927084453/http://www.dailynebraskan.com/opinion/lesbian-batwoman-in-danger-of-becoming-stereotype-1.303198 |archive-date=September 27, 2011 |access-date=July 14, 2011 |newspaper=[Daily Nebraskan](/source/Daily_Nebraskan)}} In the film ''[X-Men: First Class](/source/X-Men%3A_First_Class),'' [Hank McCoy](/source/Beast_(Marvel_Comics)) is asked by his CIA boss why he never disclosed his mutant identity, and his response was ''["you didn't ask, I didn't tell"](/source/Don't_ask%2C_don't_tell).'' * [Communism](/source/Communism) and [socialism](/source/socialism): Occasionally, undercurrents of the real-life "[Red Scare](/source/Red_Scare)" are present or the events of the Red Scare in history are alluded to. Senator Robert Kelly's proposal of a Mutant Registration Act is similar to the efforts of [United States Congress](/source/United_States_Congress) to try to ban [communism](/source/communism) in the United States. In the 2000 ''[X-Men](/source/X-Men_(film))'' film, Kelly exclaims, "We must know who these mutants are and what they can do," even brandishing a "list" of known mutants (a reference to Senator [Joseph McCarthy](/source/Joseph_McCarthy)'s list of [Communist Party USA](/source/Communist_Party_USA) members who were working in the government).{{cite web |title=X-Men 3: The Last Stand (2006) Movie Review – 3.0 out of 4.0 stars |url=http://www.themovieinsider.com/reviews/read.php?rid=700 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120527150808/http://www.movieinsider.com/archive/4890/ |archive-date=May 27, 2012 |access-date=August 14, 2010 |work=[The Movie Insider](/source/The_Movie_Insider)}} * [Religion](/source/Religion): Religion is an integral part of several X-Men storylines. It is presented as both a positive and negative force, sometimes in the same story. The comics explore [religious fundamentalism](/source/religious_fundamentalism) through the person of William Stryker and his Purifiers, an antimutant group that emerged in the 1982 graphic novel ''[God Loves, Man Kills](/source/X-Men%3A_God_Loves%2C_Man_Kills).'' The Purifiers believe that mutants are not human beings but children of the devil, and have attempted to exterminate them several times, most recently in the "Childhood's End" storyline. By contrast, religion is also central to the lives of several X-Men, such as Nightcrawler, a devout [Catholic](/source/Catholic), and [Dust](/source/Dust_(character)), a devout [Sunni Muslim](/source/Sunni_Muslim) who wears an Islamic [niqāb](/source/niq%C4%81b). * [Subculture](/source/Subculture): In some cases, the mutants of the X-Men universe sought to create a subculture of the typical mutant society portrayed. The Morlocks, though mutants like those attending Xavier's school, hide away from society within the tunnels of New York. These Morlock tunnels serve as the backdrop for several X-Men stories, most notably ''The [Mutant Massacre](/source/Mutant_Massacre)'' crossover. This band of mutants illustrates another dimension to the comic, that of a group that further needs to isolate itself because society will not accept it.{{cite book |last=Zimmerman |first=David A. |url=https://archive.org/details/comicbookcharact0000zimm |title=Comic book character: unleashing the hero in us all |publisher=[InterVarsity Press](/source/InterVarsity_Press) |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-8308-3260-6 |page=[https://archive.org/details/comicbookcharact0000zimm/page/78 78] |access-date=July 14, 2011 |url-access=registration}}{{cite book |last=Weiner |first=Robert G. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=npIsZV7grboC&pg=PA111 |title=Marvel graphic novels and related publications: an annotated guide to comics, prose novels, children's books, articles, criticism and reference works, 1965–2005 |publisher=[McFarland](/source/McFarland_%26_Company) |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-7864-2500-6 |page=111 |access-date=July 14, 2011}} In [Grant Morrison](/source/Grant_Morrison)'s stories of the early 2000s, mutants are portrayed as a distinct subculture with "mutant bands," mutant use of code-names as their primary form of self-identity (rather than their given birth names), and a popular mutant fashion designer who created outfits tailored to mutant [physiology](/source/physiology). The series ''[District X](/source/District_X)'' takes place in an area of New York City called "Mutant Town." These instances can also serve as analogies for the way that minority groups establish subcultures and neighborhoods of their own that distinguish them from the broader general culture. Director [Bryan Singer](/source/Bryan_Singer) has remarked that the X-Men franchise has served as a metaphor for acceptance of all people for their special and unique gifts. The mutant condition that is often kept secret from the world can be analogous to feelings of difference and fear usually developed in everyone during adolescence.{{citation needed|date=September 2013}} * [Genocide](/source/Genocide): Genocide and its psychological aftereffects, primarily [survivor guilt](/source/survivor_guilt), are recurring elements in some of the most significant X-Men story arcs. Magneto was a survivor of [The Holocaust](/source/The_Holocaust) and witnessed the genocide of his people, severely scarring him emotionally and leaving him with a strong distrust of humanity. Because of this he constantly toes the line between ally and enemy of the X-Men. The iconic [Days of Future Past](/source/Days_of_Future_Past) story line saw an alternate future where Sentinels committed genocide on most of the world's mutants.''Uncanny X-Men'' Vol. 1, #141–142 In Rachel Summers' original timeline, she was captured by humans and turned into a 'hound' used to hunt down other mutants to capture and kill them, leaving her extremely traumatized by the experience and knowledge that she unwittingly assisted in the genocide of her own people. Bishop's childhood consisted of him being trapped in a mutant concentration camp, leaving him so emotionally scarred as an adult that upon returning to the past he was prepared to [kill a baby who might have caused his future](/source/X-Men%3A_Messiah_Complex). When [Cassandra Nova](/source/Cassandra_Nova) committed genocide on Genosha, the event left both [Emma Frost](/source/Emma_Frost)''New X-Men'' #114–116 and [Polaris](/source/Polaris_(Marvel_Comics))''New X-Men'' #132''Uncanny X-Men'' #429–434 traumatized by survivor's guilt as they were amongst the limited few survivors. While taking some time off in Germany, [Nightcrawler](/source/Nightcrawler_(character)) witnessed the genocide of numerous mutants. The event left him as an emotional shell of who he used to be because of the trauma of what he witnessed until he had psychic therapy with [Jean](/source/Jean_Grey) to help him cope.''Extraordinary X-Men'' #5 Other characters who have either committed or have survived genocide include Mystique, [Callisto](/source/Callisto_(comics)), Apocalypse, Onslaught, [Bastion](/source/Bastion_(comics)), [Mister Sinister](/source/Mister_Sinister), Hope Summers, Cable, and the [Phoenix Force](/source/Phoenix_Force). ===Time travel=== Many of the X-Men's stories delve into [time travel](/source/time_travel) either in the sense of the team traveling through time on a mission, villains traveling through time to alter history, or certain characters traveling from the past or future to join the present team. Story arcs and spin-offs that are notable for using this plot device include ''[Days of Future Past](/source/Days_of_Future_Past)'', ''[Messiah Complex](/source/X-Men%3A_Messiah_Complex)'', ''[All-New X-Men](/source/All-New_X-Men)'', ''[Messiah War](/source/Messiah_War)'', and ''[Battle of the Atom](/source/Battle_of_the_Atom)''. Characters who are related to time travel include: Apocalypse, Bishop, Cable, [Old Man Logan](/source/Old_Man_Logan), [Prestige](/source/Rachel_Summers), Hope Summers, [Tempus](/source/Eva_Bell), and [Stryfe](/source/Stryfe).{{cite web |date=February 12, 2017 |title=Better Luck X-Time: The 15 Best X-Men Time Travel Tales |url=http://www.cbr.com/best-x-men-time-travel-tales |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170704195637/http://www.cbr.com/best-x-men-time-travel-tales/ |archive-date=July 4, 2017 |access-date=July 13, 2017}} A major notable period in the X-Men's history began in 2012s ''[All-New X-Men](/source/All-New_X-Men)'' when [Beast](/source/Beast_(Marvel_Comics)) used time-travel to bring the original five 1960s X-Men into the present. These time-displaced characters subsequently starred in their own title ''[X-Men Blue](/source/X-Men_Blue)'' before returning to their original timeline in 2018s ''Extermination'' event. ===Death and resurrection=== One of the most recurring plot devices used in the X-Men franchise is death and resurrection, mostly in the sense of Jean Grey and her bond with the Phoenix. Though not as iconic as Jean and the Phoenix, many other X-Men characters have died and come back to life on occasion. Death and resurrection has become such a common occurrence in the X-books that the characters have mentioned on numerous occasions that they are not strangers to death or have made comments that death does not always have a lasting effect on them (for example, "In mutant heaven, there are no pearly gates, only revolving doors"). [X-Necrosha](/source/X-Necrosha) is a particular story arc that sees [Selene](/source/Selene_(comics)) temporarily reanimate many of the X-Men's dead allies and enemies in order for her to achieve godhood. In the Krakoan era, the characters invent a method of resurrecting mutants who have died; becoming a significant story element across the various X-Men books. ===Fate=== Many of the characters deal with the topic of fate. In particular, [Destiny](/source/Destiny_(Irene_Adler))'s abilities of precognition have affected certain plot points in the X-Men's history long after she was killed off due to both the X-Men and their enemies constantly searching for her missing diaries that foretell certain futures. The topic of fate takes center stage yet again in a story arc called "The Extremists" involving attacks against the [Morlocks](/source/Morlocks_(comics)) due to one of them seeing a dark future for their people.''Uncanny X-Men'' Vol. 1, #487–491 Some characters believe they already know their own fates, such as Apocalypse believing he is fated to rule the mutants or Magneto believing he is fated to lead the mutants to rise up against humans. Other characters such as Jean, Prestige, [Evan Sabanur](/source/Apocalypse_(character)), Hope Summers, and [Warren Worthington III](/source/Warren_Worthington_III) have all been wary of their fates and have all taken measures to alter their futures. ===Space travel=== [Space travel](/source/Spacefaring) has been a common staple in the X-Men books beginning with the Phoenix and Dark Phoenix sagas. Since then space has been involved in many stories involving the X-Men's allies and occasional rivals the [Shi'ar](/source/Shi'ar) along with stories involving the Phoenix Force. Space has been the setting for many stories involving the likes of [The Brood](/source/Brood_(comics)), such as the story arc where the villainous species was first introduced.''Uncanny X-Men'' Vol. 1, #155–166 Through space noteworthy characters like The [Starjammers](/source/Starjammers) and [Vulcan](/source/Vulcan_(Marvel_Comics)) (lost brother of Cyclops and Havok) were introduced. Space travel played a major role in [Joss Whedon](/source/Joss_Whedon)'s run on [Astonishing X-Men](/source/Astonishing_X-Men) via the introduction of [S.W.O.R.D.](/source/S.W.O.R.D.) and especially in one of the final story arcs under his authorship called "Unstoppable".''Astonishing X-Men'' Vol. 3, #19–24''Giant Sized Astonishing X-Men'' #1 Other notable story arcs involving space included "[X-Men: The End](/source/X-Men%3A_The_End)", "Rise and Fall of the Shi'ar Empire", "[X-Men: Kingbreaker](/source/X-Men%3A_Kingbreaker)", "[War of Kings](/source/War_of_Kings)", and "[The Black Vortex](/source/The_Black_Vortex)". ===Sanity=== The topic of sanity has been addressed in many of the major heroes and villains of X-Men. Most famously this is addressed in Jean Grey when she gains near omnipotence through the Phoenix and [Professor X](/source/Professor_X)avier after he violently uses his powers against Magneto, unintentionally creating Onslaught. Mystique's sanity wavers throughout the franchise as her constant transformations causes more and more of her mind to fracture.''Uncanny X-Men'' vol. 1 #289–290''Uncanny X-Men'' vol. 4 #15 Ever since swapping bodies with [Revanche](/source/Kwannon_(character)), Psylocke has occasionally struggled to maintain her sanity due to her more aggressive nature and new powers. The character Deadpool is famous for his blatant lack of sanity. After Magneto stripped Wolverine of his metal bones, Wolverine began to become increasingly feral throughout most of the mid to late 1990s X-Men comics. The nature of Rogue's powers affecting her sanity due to her retaining the memories of others has been a central plot device on many occasions, most famously retaining [Ms. Marvel's](/source/Carol_Danvers) psyche throughout most of the 1980s. Most recently Emma Frost's sanity has become fractured ever since Cyclops died in her arms, causing her to declare war against Inhumans.''Death of X'' #1–4 Other characters who have had issues with sanity include Cyclops, Sabretooth, [Magik](/source/Magik), [Quentin Quire](/source/Quentin_Quire), X-23, and Prestige. ===Political warfare=== In the Marvel Universe, mutant rights is one of the hot controversial political topics and is something that is addressed numerous times in the X-books as a plot device. While some politicians like [Valerie Cooper](/source/Valerie_Cooper) have legitimately tried to help the X-Men, most have made it their mission to discredit the X-Men to eliminate mutants once and for all. Senator [Robert Kelly](/source/Robert_Kelly_(character)) began his platform on a strong outspoken anti-mutant sentiment until he changed his mind after being rescued by mutants later on in his career. When Sabretooth's human son [Graydon Creed](/source/Graydon_Creed) ran for office, the X-Men sent in [Cannonball](/source/Cannonball_(Marvel_Comics)) and Iceman to discreetly join his campaign team and find anything on his anti-mutant agenda. This continued until it boiled to a head when his assassination led to "[Operation: Zero Tolerance](/source/Operation%3A_Zero_Tolerance)." Some of the issues presented in the comics serve as allegory to modern issues in the real world, such as Lydia Nance suggesting mass mutant deportation.''X-Men Gold'' #1–6 ===Ideological differences=== Characters in the X-Men franchise espouse a variety of political ideologies, and these differences are a frequent catalyst for conflict. The most prominent ideological clash in the X-Men franchise is that between Xavier and Magneto; despite later interpretations of the two as analogues for Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X, writer Chris Claremont (who originated Magneto's backstory and history with Xavier) saw them as more comparable to [David Ben-Gurion](/source/David_Ben-Gurion) and [Menachem Begin](/source/Menachem_Begin).{{cite web |last1=Foege |first1=Alex |date=17 July 2000 |title=The X-Men Files |url=https://nymag.com/nymetro/arts/features/3522/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220128213147/https://nymag.com/nymetro/arts/features/3522/ |archive-date=January 28, 2022 |access-date=4 April 2022 |website=New York Magazine |publisher=Vox Media, LLC}} Xavier's ideology has drawn comparisons to [assimilationism](/source/assimilationism) and [model minority](/source/model_minority) politics, while Magneto, originally depicted as a mutant [supremacist](/source/supremacist), is later portrayed as a [liberationist](/source/Liberation_movement) advocating [self-determination](/source/self-determination) through [mutually assured destruction](/source/mutually_assured_destruction). [Callisto](/source/Callisto_(comics)) is a [separatist](/source/separatist), who seeks to protect the Morlocks through [isolationism](/source/isolationism). [Emma Frost](/source/Emma_Frost) is portrayed as rejecting social movements, opting to use the [capitalist](/source/capitalist) system for her personal benefit, or for that of individual mutants in her care. [Apocalypse](/source/Apocalypse_(character)) is characterized as a [social darwinist](/source/social_darwinist) who believes that mutants can only survive through the rule of might. The [Mutant Liberation Front](/source/Mutant_Liberation_Front) commits acts of [terrorism](/source/terrorism) to [liberate](/source/Liberation_movement) mutants wrongly incarcerated by the government. Even when individual characters expressing conflicting ideologies are portrayed as either misguided or villainous, their motives and beliefs are often treated by the X-Men with nuance, sympathy, and respect; for example, during [Secret Wars](/source/Secret_Wars), when [The Avengers](/source/Avengers_(comics)) take issue with Magneto's placement among the heroic team by [The Beyonder](/source/Beyonder), the X-Men defend him as an ally, despite disagreeing with his methods.{{cite book |last1=Shooter |first1=Jim |title=Marvel Superheroes: Secret Wars #1 |last2=Zeck |first2=Michael |date=May 1984 |publisher=Marvel Comics}} Pulitzer-winning national security journalist [Spencer Ackerman](/source/Spencer_Ackerman) has stated on the [Cerebro podcast](/source/Cerebro_(podcast)) that "the importance of the X-Men as a universe of stories, as a mythos, is that we should always be debating who is right."{{cite web |last1=Goldsmith |first1=Connor |title=Cerebro Episode 016: Erik Magnus Lenscherr (feat. Spencer Ackerman) |url=https://anchor.fm/cerebrocast/episodes/Episode-016-Erik-Magnus-Lehnsherr-feat--Spencer-Ackerman-enoh95 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220718213038/https://anchor.fm/cerebrocast/episodes/Episode-016-Erik-Magnus-Lehnsherr-feat--Spencer-Ackerman-enoh95 |archive-date=July 18, 2022 |access-date=18 July 2022 |website=Cerebro by Connor Goldsmith}} ===Media and popular culture=== The character of [Mojo](/source/Mojo_(comics)), an extraterrestrial being and media mogul from the [Mojoverse](/source/Mojoverse), serves as a satirical embodiment of the pervasive influence of media on society. Created by Nocenti and [Art Adams](/source/Art_Adams), Mojo's grotesque appearance and obsession with television ratings are a direct commentary on the often exploitative nature of entertainment media. Mojo's realm, where citizens are addicted to his gladiator-like television programs, mirrors the real world's fixation with reality TV and the spectacle of media. It raises questions about the ethical boundaries of entertainment and the societal impact of media consumption. The character's creation was influenced by Nocenti's readings of media critics such as [Marshall McLuhan](/source/Marshall_McLuhan), [Noam Chomsky](/source/Noam_Chomsky), and [Walter Lippmann](/source/Walter_Lippmann), reflecting concerns about how media shapes public perception and discourse. The X-Men's encounters with Mojo often highlight the dangers of media manipulation and the commodification of individuals. These narratives underscore the importance of critical thinking and media literacy as tools to combat the potential indoctrination by mass media. The character's storylines serve as allegories for the real-world implications of media control over information and the shaping of societal norms. In the broader context of the X-Men universe, Mojo's machinations can be seen as a metaphor for the media's role in perpetuating social issues. His control over the Mojoverse parallels the control media conglomerates have over public opinion and the dissemination of information. The X-Men's resistance against Mojo's tyranny is symbolic of the struggle against the monopolization of media and the fight for a free and independent press.Keller, Katherine (November 2, 2007). [http://www.sequentialtart.com/article.php?id=737 "Writer, Creator, Journalist, and Uppity Woman: Ann Nocenti"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904005358/http://www.sequentialtart.com/article.php?id=737 |date=September 4, 2015 }}. ''Sequential Tart''.{{cite journal |last=Ash |first=Roger |date=August 2008 |title=Ann Nocenti and Arthur Adams Bet on a Longshot |journal=[Back Issue!](/source/Back_Issue!) |location=Raleigh, North Carolina |publisher=[TwoMorrows Publishing](/source/TwoMorrows_Publishing) |issue=#29 |pages=26–31}}{{cite web |author=Hassan, Chris |date=November 7, 2022 |title=X-Men Monday #178 – Ann Nocenti Talks 'X-Men Legends' |url=https://aiptcomics.com/2022/11/07/x-men-monday-178-ann-nocenti-talks-x-men-legends/ |access-date=April 2, 2024 |work=AIPT}}{{cite web |author=Hassan, Chris |date=July 27, 2020 |title=X-Men Monday #67 – Leah Williams Answers Your X-Factor Questions |url=https://aiptcomics.com/2020/07/27/x-men-monday-67-leah-williams-x-factor/ |access-date=April 2, 2024 |work=AIPT}}{{cite web |author=Brunner, Adam J. |date=July 27, 2020 |title=X-Men Cosplay Turns an Impossible Villain into Horrifying Reality |url=https://screenrant.com/xmen-cosplay-mojo-spiral-mojoworld-live-action/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240811213517/https://screenrant.com/xmen-cosplay-mojo-spiral-mojoworld-live-action/ |archive-date=August 11, 2024 |access-date=April 2, 2024 |work=[Screen Rant](/source/Screen_Rant)}}{{cite web |author=Pagella, Ryan |date=August 26, 2020 |title='X-Factor' #2 review |url=https://aiptcomics.com/2020/08/26/x-factor-2-review/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240402164416/https://aiptcomics.com/2020/08/26/x-factor-2-review/ |archive-date=April 2, 2024 |access-date=April 2, 2024 |work=AIPT}}{{cite web |author=Egan, James |date=October 9, 2022 |title='10 X-Men Fates Worse Than Death |url=https://whatculture.com/comics/10-x-men-fates-worse-than-death?page=5 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240402164413/https://whatculture.com/comics/10-x-men-fates-worse-than-death?page=5 |archive-date=April 2, 2024 |access-date=April 2, 2024 |work=[WhatCulture](/source/WhatCulture)}}{{cite web |author=Fugere, Mike |date=October 12, 2018 |title=X-Men: Black - Mojo Savagely Satirizes the Comic Book Industry |url=https://www.cbr.com/x-men-black-mojo-comicsgate-critique/ |access-date=April 2, 2024 |work=[Comic Book Resources](/source/Comic_Book_Resources)}}{{cite web |author=Craig, Richard |date=February 4, 2024 |title=10 X-Men Villains Fox Movies Ignored, But The MCU Shouldn't |url=https://screenrant.com/xmen-movies-villains-missing-fox-franchise-mcu-future/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240204150432/https://screenrant.com/xmen-movies-villains-missing-fox-franchise-mcu-future/ |archive-date=February 4, 2024 |access-date=April 2, 2024 |work=[Screen Rant](/source/Screen_Rant)}}{{cite web |author=Harn, Darby |date=April 21, 2020 |title=X-Men: 10 Things Marvel Fans Never Knew About Mojoworld |url=https://www.cbr.com/x-men-mojoworld-hidden-details/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200506144110/https://www.cbr.com/x-men-mojoworld-hidden-details/ |archive-date=May 6, 2020 |access-date=April 2, 2024 |work=[Comic Book Resources](/source/Comic_Book_Resources)}} ==Setting== {{See also|Mutant (Marvel Comics)}} The X-Men exist in the [Marvel Universe](/source/Marvel_Universe) along with other characters featured in Marvel Comics series and often interact with them. The X-Men/mutant corner of the Marvel Universe has been informally called "X-Universe".{{citation needed|date=April 2024}} For instance, [Wolverine](/source/Wolverine_(character)) was an antagonist to [the Hulk](/source/Hulk) before joining the X-Men and has ties to other heroes such as [Captain America](/source/Captain_America), [Black Widow](/source/Black_Widow_(Marvel_Comics)), [the Thing](/source/Thing_(Marvel_Comics)), [Captain Marvel (Carol Danvers)](/source/Carol_Danvers), [Elektra](/source/Elektra_(character)) and [Spider-Man](/source/Spider-Man). [Quicksilver](/source/Quicksilver_(Marvel_Comics)) and [Scarlet Witch](/source/Scarlet_Witch) are former [Brotherhood of Mutants](/source/Brotherhood_of_Mutants) members who joined the [Avengers](/source/Avengers_(comics)), as have other X-Men characters such as [Beast](/source/Beast_(Marvel_Comics)). [Rogue](/source/Rogue_(Marvel_Comics)) got her powers via absorbing Carol Danvers (then called Ms. Marvel) who has also interacted with the X-Men. [Kitty Pryde/Shadowcat](/source/Kitty_Pryde) has been part of the [Guardians of the Galaxy](/source/Guardians_of_the_Galaxy_(2008_team)) and dated [Star-Lord](/source/Star-Lord), she also served as a mentor to [Franklin Richards](/source/Franklin_Richards_(character)) the mutant son of [Mister Fantastic](/source/Mister_Fantastic) and [Invisible Woman](/source/Invisible_Woman) of the [Fantastic Four](/source/Fantastic_Four). [Storm](/source/Storm_(Marvel_Comics)) was once the Queen of [Wakanda](/source/Wakanda) and the wife of [Black Panther](/source/Black_Panther_(character)), as well as a temporary member of the Fantastic Four. [Rachel Summers](/source/Rachel_Summers) was the girlfriend of Franklin Richards. [Iceman](/source/Iceman_(Marvel_Comics)) and [Angel](/source/Warren_Worthington_III) have also joined [the original Champions](/source/Champions_(1975_team)) alongside Black Widow, [Ghost Rider](/source/Ghost_Rider) and [Hercules](/source/Hercules_(Marvel_Comics)) as well as having frequent partnerships with [Firestar](/source/Firestar_(Marvel_Comics)) and Spider-Man as "The Amazing Friends". [Sabretooth](/source/Sabretooth_(character)) was an [Iron Fist](/source/Iron_Fist_(character)) villain before becoming Wolverine's archenemesis. After [a conflict over the Phoenix Force](/source/Avengers_vs_X-Men), Captain America admitted to a remorseful but unrepentant Cyclops that the Avengers should have done more to help mutants, and not allowed the world to hate them. As a result, he formed a team called [Uncanny Avengers](/source/Uncanny_Avengers) (aka Avengers Unity Division) of both X-Men and Avengers members in hopes of unifying mutant and humankind. The global nature of the mutant concept means the scale of stories can be highly varied. The X-Men's enemies range from mutant thieves to galactic threats. Historically, the X-Men have been based in the [Xavier Institute of Gifted Youngsters/X-Mansion](/source/X-Mansion) located in [Salem Center](/source/North_Salem%2C_New_York), [Westchester County, New York](/source/Westchester_County%2C_New_York), and are often portrayed as a family. The Xavier's School for Gifted Youngsters/X-Mansion is often depicted with three floors and two underground levels. To the outside world, it acted as a higher learning institute until the 2000s, when Xavier was publicly exposed as a mutant at which point it became a known mutant [boarding school](/source/boarding_school). Xavier funds a corporation aimed at reaching mutants worldwide, though it ceased to exist following the 2005 "Decimation" storyline. The X-Men benefit from advanced technology such as Xavier tracking down mutants with a device called [Cerebro](/source/Cerebro) which amplifies his powers; the X-Men train within the [Danger Room](/source/Danger_Room), first depicted as a room full of weapons and booby traps, now as generating holographic simulations; and the X-Men travel in their [Blackbird jet](/source/Blackbird_(comics)). ===Fictional places=== The X-Men introduced several fictional locations which are regarded as important within the shared universe in which Marvel Comics characters exist: * '''[Asteroid M](/source/Asteroid_M)''', an asteroid made by Magneto, a mutant utopia and training facility off of the Earth's surface. * '''Avalon''', Magneto's [space station](/source/space_station) that served as the primary base for him and his [Acolytes](/source/Acolytes_(comics)) to create a mutants-only safe haven after Magneto drastically reverted to his villainous ways. Originally created by [Cable](/source/Cable_(character)).''X-Force'' #24 * '''[Genosha](/source/Genosha)''', an island near Madagascar and a longtime [apartheid](/source/crime_of_apartheid) regime against mutants. The U.N. gave control to Magneto until the ''[E Is for Extinction](/source/E_Is_for_Extinction)'' story saw Genosha destroyed via mass [genocide](/source/genocide). * '''[Krakoa](/source/Krakoa)''', a living island which is currently home to the X-Men and other mutants. It is an official country. * '''[Limbo](/source/Otherplace)''', a hellish dimension heavily populated by demons. Whoever possesses the Soulsword bears control over and can draw power from Limbo. In ''[Extraordinary X-Men](/source/Extraordinary_X-Men)'', the X-Men made a sanctuary in Limbo called ''X-Haven'' their home after Terrigen Mist made Earth uninhabitable for mutants. * '''[Madripoor](/source/Madripoor)''', an island in [South East Asia](/source/South_East_Asia), near Singapore. Its location is shown to be in the southern portion of the [Strait of Malacca](/source/Strait_of_Malacca), south west of Singapore. * '''[Mojoverse](/source/Mojoverse)''', an alternate dimension ruled by the tyrant [Mojo](/source/Mojo_(comics)) focused on creating violent [reality entertainment](/source/Reality_television) usually featuring captive mutants * '''Murderworld''', fictional twisted amusement park designed by the Marvel supervillain [Arcade](/source/Arcade_(Marvel_Comics)). * '''[Muir Island](/source/Muir_Island)''', a remote island off the coast of [Scotland](/source/Scotland). This is primarily known in the X-Men universe as the home of [Moira MacTaggert](/source/Moira_MacTaggert)'s laboratory. * '''[Mutant Town](/source/Mutant_Town)''' (also known as "'''District X'''"), an area in [Alphabet City, Manhattan](/source/Alphabet_City%2C_Manhattan), populated largely by mutants and beset by poverty and crime. * '''New Tien''', a mutant-run region on the west coast of the United States where mutants outnumber humans. It was created after [Hydra took over the United States](/source/Secret_Empire_(organization)). Emma Frost secretly leads New Tien by telepathically possessing New Tien's [puppet ruler](/source/puppet_ruler) [Xorn](/source/Xorn).''Secret Empire'' #1 * '''[Savage Land](/source/Savage_Land)''', a preserved location in [Antarctica](/source/Antarctica) which is home to a number of extinct species, most notably [dinosaur](/source/dinosaur)s, and strange tribes. * '''Shi'ar throneworld Chandilar''', the home world of the [Shi'ar](/source/Shi'ar). * '''Utopia''', Cyclops had Asteroid M raised from the [Pacific Ocean](/source/Pacific_Ocean) off the coast of the San Francisco as a response to the rise of anti-mutant sentiment to form a mutant nation. == Cultural impact and legacy == * The insecurity and anxieties in Marvel's early 1960s comic books such as ''[The Fantastic Four](/source/Fantastic_Four_(comic_book))'', ''[The Amazing Spider-Man](/source/The_Amazing_Spider-Man)'', ''[The Incredible Hulk](/source/The_Incredible_Hulk_(comic_book))'', and ''X-Men'' ushered in a new type of superhero, very different from the certain and incredibly powerful superheroes before them, and changed the public's perception of superheroes.{{Cite journal |last=Fingeroth |first=Danny |year=2005 |title=Review of Superman on the Couch: What Superheroes Really Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society |url=https://imagetextjournal.com/review-of-superman-on-the-couch-what-superheroes-really-tell-us-about-ourselves-and-our-society-by-danny-fingeroth/ |journal=ImageTexT |publisher=University of Florida |issn=1549-6732}} * The superhero team has been described as an allegory to real-life struggles experienced by people rejected by society.{{Cite web |last=Eckhardt |first=Peter |date=2022-07-26 |title=10 Ways The X-Men Changed Marvel Comics |url=https://www.cbr.com/x-men-changed-marvel-comics-ways-how/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103225236/https://www.cbr.com/x-men-changed-marvel-comics-ways-how/ |archive-date=January 3, 2023 |access-date=2023-01-03 |website=[Comic Book Resources](/source/Comic_Book_Resources)}}{{Cite web |title=How the X-Men Helped Foretell Our Civil Rights Future |url=https://public.com/learn/how-the-x-men-helped-foretell-our-civil-rights-future |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103225237/https://public.com/learn/how-the-x-men-helped-foretell-our-civil-rights-future |archive-date=January 3, 2023 |access-date=2023-01-03 |website=Public.com}} * Ramzi Fawaz argues that X-Men presents a feminist revision of the idea of a superhero team: "As a corollary to its critique of normative identity, ''The X-Men'' shifted the traditional locus of affective and political identification in mainstream superhero comics from white male heroes to powerful and racially diverse female superheroes whose emotional strength anchored mutant kinships and whose superpowers granted them unprecedented ability to reshape the material world."Ramzi Fawaz, ''The New Mutants: Superheroes and the Radical Imagination of American Comics'', New York University Press, 2016, p. 147. * In 2022, British-American publisher Penguin Random House released a [Penguin Classics](/source/Penguin_Classics) edition of the early X-Men comics as part of a line of Penguin Classics editions of various Marvel comics.{{cite web |title=Why It Matters That Marvel Comics Are Becoming Penguin Classics |url=https://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/industry-news/comics/article/93203-why-it-matters-that-marvel-comics-are-becoming-penguin-classics.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250509192325/https://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/industry-news/comics/article/93203-why-it-matters-that-marvel-comics-are-becoming-penguin-classics.html |archive-date=May 9, 2025 |access-date=July 5, 2025 |work=[Publishers Weekly](/source/Publishers_Weekly)}} == Other versions == * ''[Age of Apocalypse](/source/Age_of_Apocalypse)'' – In a world where Professor X is killed by his son [David/Legion](/source/Legion_(Marvel_Comics)) before he can form the X-Men, Magneto leads the X-Men in a dystopian world ruled by Apocalypse. Created and reverted via time travel. * ''[Age of X](/source/Age_of_X)'' – a world in which anti-mutant sentiment became even worse due to a series of events and thus led to the United States government hunting down mutants with Sentinels and leading to "The Decimation" which severely reduced the mutant population and Magneto leads the mutants who are based in Fortress X. * ''[Days of Future Past](/source/Days_of_Future_Past)'' – [Sentinels](/source/Sentinel_(comics)) have either killed or placed into concentration camps almost all mutants. Prevented by the time-traveling Kate Pryde/Widget (the adult Kitty Pryde/Shadowcat). * ''[House of M](/source/House_of_M)'' – Reality is altered by [Scarlet Witch](/source/Scarlet_Witch), with her father Magneto as the ruler of Genosha and in which mutants are the dominant group with humans as second-class citizens. 2005's crossover event, it concludes with a reversion to the normal Marvel Universe, albeit with most mutants [depowered](/source/Decimation_(comics)). * ''[Marvel 1602](/source/Marvel_1602)'' – Mutants are known as the "'''Witchbreed'''" in this alternate reality set during the time of [The Inquisition](/source/Inquisition). Carlos Javier creates a "school for the children of gentlefolk" to serve as a safe haven and training ground for which he calls '''mutantur''' (or '''changing ones''') and normal humans (the ''mondani''). The roster consists of the original 5 members and analogues of Sunspot, Pietro and Wanda Maximoff.''Marvel 1602'' Vol 1 #1–7 * [Marvel 2099](/source/Marvel_2099) – Set in a dystopian world with new characters looking to the original X-Men as history, becoming [X-Men 2099](/source/X-Men_2099) and [X-Nation 2099](/source/X-Nation_2099). * ''[Marvel Noir](/source/Marvel_Noir)'' – The X-Men of this reality are a group of delinquent teenagers led by Charles Xavier who believes that sociopathy is the next step in human evolution. * ''[Mutant X](/source/Mutant_X_(comics))'' – Set in a world where Scott Summers was captured along with his parents by the Shi'ar and only Alex escaped, allowing him to be the eventual leader of this Universe's X-Men ("The Six"). The Mutant X universe reimagines [Mr. Fantastic](/source/Mister_Fantastic), [Nick Fury](/source/Nick_Fury), and Professor X as villains and [Doctor Doom](/source/Doctor_Doom) and Apocalypse as heroes. * ''[MC2](/source/Marvel_Comics_2)'' – In this alternate future, [Jubilee](/source/Jubilee_(character)) forms the '''X-People''' in response to anti-mutant sentiment.{{Volume needed|c=y|date=August 2018}} Members include Angry Eagle, Simian, Spanner, Torque, [Push](/source/Nancy_Lu_(Spider-Girl_character)), [Bluestreak](/source/Bluestreak_(comics)), [J2](/source/J2_(comics)), and [Wild Thing](/source/Wild_Thing_(comics)).{{Volume needed|c=y|date=August 2018}} * {{anchor|time-displaced}} '''Time-displaced X-Men''' – The time-displaced team was introduced as such in ''[All-New X-Men](/source/All-New_X-Men)'' vol. 1 #1, by [Brian Michael Bendis](/source/Brian_Michael_Bendis) and [Stuart Immonen](/source/Stuart_Immonen), and brought to the present with time travel. They were kept as regular characters, as Bendis intended to explore their reactions to the fate of their adult selves.Truitt, Brian (September 8, 2013). [https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/2013/09/08/brian-michael-bendis-x-men-sunday-conversation/2773811/ "Sunday Geekersation: Bendis takes pride in his X-Men"]. ''[USA Today](/source/USA_Today)''. The team was the main focus of the ''[Battle of the Atom](/source/Battle_of_the_Atom)'' crossover, some months later. Bendis also used them for crossovers with the [Guardians of the Galaxy](/source/Guardians_of_the_Galaxy) and [Miles Morales](/source/Miles_Morales), that he also wrote.{{cite web |author=Dave Richards |date=August 15, 2014 |title=Bendis' "All-New X-Men" Take an Ultimate Journey with Miles Morales |url=https://www.cbr.com/bendis-all-new-x-men-take-an-ultimate-journey-with-miles-morales/ |access-date=November 6, 2017 |publisher=CBR}} This was one of the few crossovers between the [Marvel Universe](/source/Marvel_Universe) and the [Ultimate Marvel](/source/Ultimate_Marvel) universe; Bendis preferred to write them sparingly.{{cite web |author=Kiel Phegley |date=June 20, 2013 |title=Bendis & Fialkov Grow Ultimate "Hunger" |url=https://www.cbr.com/bendis-fialkov-grow-ultimate-hunger/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180704005512/https://www.cbr.com/bendis-fialkov-grow-ultimate-hunger/ |archive-date=July 4, 2018 |access-date=November 6, 2017 |publisher=CBR}} ''All-New X-Men'' has a vol. 2 in 2015, by [Dennis Hopeless](/source/Dennis_Hopeless) and [Mark Bagley](/source/Mark_Bagley).{{cite web |author=Steve Morris |date=February 18, 2016 |title=DENNIS HOPELESS REUNITES THE 'ALL-NEW X-MEN'; HOPE THEY SURVIVE THE EXPERIENCE? |url=http://comicsalliance.com/dennis-hopeless-all-new-x-men-interview/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703190822/http://comicsalliance.com/dennis-hopeless-all-new-x-men-interview/ |archive-date=July 3, 2018 |access-date=July 3, 2018 |publisher=Comics Alliance}} The comic was cancelled after the end of the ''[Inhumans vs. X-Men](/source/Inhumans_vs._X-Men)'' crossover, and the team was now published in the ''[X-Men Blue](/source/X-Men_Blue)'' comic. The teenager Jean also got a solo series after the end of ''[ResurrXion](/source/ResurrXion)'', by Hopeless and Victor Ibanez, that explored her relation with the [Phoenix Force](/source/Phoenix_Force).{{cite web |author=Brett White |date=January 12, 2016 |title=Marvel Reveals Jean Grey Creative Team, Phoenix-Related Premise |url=https://www.cbr.com/marvel-reveals-jean-grey-creative-team-phoenix-related-premise/ |access-date=July 3, 2018 |publisher=CBR}} The teenager Cyclops joins the [Champions](/source/Champions_(2016_team)), a comic book focused on teenager heroes but unrelated to the X-Men mythos.{{cite web |author=Thomas Bacon |date=March 30, 2018 |title=Cyclops is Officially Too Good For Marvel's X-MEN |url=https://screenrant.com/cyclops-x-men-comics-champions/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703220603/https://screenrant.com/cyclops-x-men-comics-champions/ |archive-date=July 3, 2018 |access-date=July 3, 2018 |website=[Screen Rant](/source/Screen_Rant)}} They guest-starred in the ''[Venom](/source/Venom_(comic_book))'' comic, in the "Poison-X" arc. The story took the villains from the ''[Venomverse](/source/Venomverse)'' arc and led to the ''Venomized'' crossover.{{cite web |author=Dave Richards |date=February 28, 2018 |title=Cullen Bunn's X-Men Blue Cry Havok & Let Slip the Symbiotes of War |url=https://www.cbr.com/cullen-bunn-x-men-blue-cry-havok-venomized-interview/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703220154/https://www.cbr.com/cullen-bunn-x-men-blue-cry-havok-venomized-interview/ |archive-date=July 3, 2018 |access-date=July 3, 2018 |publisher=CBR}} The team were featured in the ''Extermination'' crossover, where they went back to their original timeline.{{cite magazine |author=Graeme McMillan |date=April 3, 2018 |title=Marvel Teases 'Extermination' for X-Men Comics |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/marvel-teases-extermination-x-men-comics-1099375 |access-date=July 3, 2018 |magazine=Hollywood Reporter}} *''[Ruins](/source/Ruins_(comics))'' – Although the actual X-Men do not appear, alternate versions of its members and villains are shown to have suffered under horrific circumstances. Charles Xavier is a tyrannical [President of the United States](/source/President_of_the_United_States), Jean Grey is a [prostitute](/source/Prostitution), Magneto and Mystique die, Wolverine suffers from poisoning from his adamantium skeleton, Emma Frost heads the Church of the Next Generation and forces children of her followers to undergo surgery, Cyclops as well as Nightcrawler and Kitty Pryde are imprisoned at a Texas jail and Sabretooth is part of a fascist cannibalistic militia based in Oklahoma alongside Bucky Barnes and Jack Monroe. * ''[Ultimate X-Men](/source/Ultimate_X-Men)'' – Set in the reimagined [Ultimate Marvel](/source/Ultimate_Marvel) universe. The X-Men are younger, wear black and gold uniforms and supernatural/cosmic elements are downplayed. Additionally Colossus is gay unlike his main universe counterpart, Magneto is not a Holocaust survivor and is more villainous, mutants were created by the Super-Soldier Serum, Cable is Wolverine and Kitty Pryde/Shadowcat dated Spider-Man. * ''[Ultimate Universe](/source/Ultimate_Universe)'' - Set in Earth-6160, a world preceded by [alternative history](/source/alternative_history) thanks to the interference of the [Maker](/source/Maker_(character)). Mutants are seen as mysterious and a fringe presence to the world at large, a scattered, suppressed and unrecognized minority without central leaders due to the absence of Magneto and Professor X. A group of young outcast students led by [Armor](/source/Armor_(Marvel_Comics_character)) forms the X-Men to combat a cult of Homo Superior covertly researching their powers and believing themselves to be superior to the human race.'' Ultimates'' Vol. 4 #2. Marvel Comics.''Ultimate X-Men'' Vol.2 #5. Marvel Comics. * ''[X-Men Forever](/source/X-Men_Forever)'' – An alternate continuity diverging from ''X-Men'', vol. 2 #3, continuing as though writer Chris Claremont had never left writing the series.{{cite web |date=February 6, 2009 |title=NYCC '09: Claremont and the X-Men: With a Twist |url=http://www.newsarama.com/comics/020906-X-Men-Forever.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090208032944/http://www.newsarama.com/comics/020906-X-Men-Forever.html |archive-date=February 8, 2009 |access-date=August 14, 2010 |work=[Newsarama](/source/Newsarama)}} * ''[X-Men Noir](/source/X-Men_Noir)'' – Set in the 1930s, with the X-Men as a mysterious criminal gang and the Brotherhood as a secret society of corrupt cops. * ''[X-Men: The End](/source/X-Men%3A_The_End)'' – A possible ending to the X-Men's early 2005 status quo. * ''[X-Men '92](/source/X-Men%3A_The_Animated_Series)'' – Follows "Secret Wars", the X-Men of the 1992 TV Series, received their own comic book series.{{cite web |last=Polo |first=Susana |date=March 13, 2015 |title=Marvel's X-Men: '92 #1 will bring the '90s cartoon X-Men to modern comics |url=https://www.polygon.com/2015/3/13/8205009/marvel-x-men-92-cartoon-comic-secret-wars |website=Polygon}} ==In other media== {{Main|X-Men in other media}} The X-Men team has featured in multiple forms of media including the [20th Century Fox](/source/20th_Century_Fox) [live-action film series](/source/X-Men_(film_series)), [multiple animated shows](/source/X-Men_in_television), live-action shows, [multiple video games](/source/List_of_video_games_featuring_the_X-Men), numerous [novel](/source/novel)s, [motion comic](/source/motion_comic)s, [soundtrack](/source/soundtrack)s, [action figure](/source/action_figure)s, and [clothing](/source/clothing). ==See also== * [List of Marvel Comics superhero debuts](/source/List_of_Marvel_Comics_superhero_debuts) * [Doom Patrol](/source/Doom_Patrol), a similar team of super-powered misfits appearing in comics published by [DC Comics](/source/DC_Comics) * [Harbingers/Psiots](/source/Harbinger_(comic_book)), another group of superpowered outcasts appearing in comics published by [Valiant Comics](/source/Valiant_Comics) ==References== {{Reflist|30em}} ===Bibliography=== * {{cite book |last=Brownfield |first=Troy |title=X-Men for Dummies |date=2025 |publisher=Marvel |isbn=978-1-394-36274-5}} * {{cite book |title=Marvel Encyclopedia: New Edition |date=2024 |publisher=DK |isbn=978-0-5938-4611-7 |editor-last=Cebulski |editor-first=C.B.}} * {{cite book |last=Cowsill |first=Alan |title=Wolverine: The First 50 Years |date=2025 |publisher=[Titan Publishing Group](/source/Titan_Publishing_Group) |isbn=978-1787744028}} * {{cite book |last=Deman |first=J. Andrew |title=The Claremont Run: Subverting Gender in the X-Men |publisher=[University of Texas Press](/source/University_of_Texas_Press) |year=2023 |isbn=978-1-4773-3075-3}} * {{cite book |last=Fawaz |first=Ramzi |title=The New Mutants: Superheroes and the Radical Imagination of American Comics |publisher=[New York University Press](/source/New_York_University_Press) |year=2016 |isbn=978-1-4798-2308-6}} * {{cite book |last=Richau |first=Amy |title=Wolverine: The Ultimate Guide |last2=Wiacek |first2=Win |publisher=DK |year=2025 |isbn=979-8-2171-2638-5}} * {{Cite book |title=Marvel Year by Year: A Visual History: New Edition |publisher=DK |year=2022 |isbn=978-0-7440-5451-4 |editor-last=Ridout |editor-first=Cefn}} ** {{harvc|last=DeFalco|first=Tom|c=1960s, 1980s|in=Ridout|year=2022|pages=70-135, 184-233}} ** {{harvc|last=Manning|first=Matthew K.|c=1990s, 2000s, 2010s|in=Ridout|year=2022|pages=234-379}} ** {{harvc|last=Sanderson|first=Peter|c=1970s|in=Ridout|year=2022|pages=136-183}} * {{cite book|last=Sanderson|first=Peter|title=X-Men: The Ultimate Guide|publisher=DK|year=2006|isbn=9780756620059}} * {{cite book |title=X-Men |publisher=[Penguin Classics](/source/Penguin_Classics) |year=2023 |isbn=978-0-14-313576-0 |editor-last=Saunders |editor-first=Ben}} * {{cite book |last=Wolk |first=Douglas |title=All of the Marvels: A Journey to the Ends of the Biggest Story Ever Told |publisher=[Penguin Press](/source/Penguin_Press) |year=2021 |isbn=978-0-7352-2216-8}} == Further reading == * {{cite web |last=Fecteau |first=Lydia |date=July 12, 2004 |title=Mutant and Cyborg Images of the Disabled Body in the Landscape of Science Fiction |url=http://caxton.stockton.edu/files/disability/FinalProjectLF.doc |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050930235353/http://caxton.stockton.edu/files/disability/FinalProjectLF.doc |archive-date=September 30, 2005 |access-date=September 29, 2005 |format=DOC |df=mdy-all}} * {{cite web |last=Morrison |first=Grant |author-link=Grant Morrison |date=August 10, 2000 |title=The Geek Shall Inherit the Earth |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/hp/front/ps40m-monet-to-be-star-lot-in-recordbreaking-christie-s-sale-6476479.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060219064946/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/films/articles/560266 |archive-date=February 19, 2006 |access-date=September 29, 2005 |work=The Evening Standard |df=mdy-all}} * {{Cite book |last=Weinstein |first=Simcha |author-link=Simcha Weinstein |title=Up, Up, and Oy Vey: How Jewish History, Culture and Values Shaped the Comic Book Superhero |publisher=Leviathan |year=2006 |location=Baltimore}} Note: Contains a chapter on the X-Men, with special emphasis on Jewish characters Magneto and Shadowcat. * {{cite web |last=Montgomery |first=Mitch |date=October 21, 2006 |title=X-traordinary People: Mary Tyler Moore and the Mutants Explore Pop Psychology |url=http://www.silverbulletcomics.com/news/story.php?a=2894 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061026022926/http://www.silverbulletcomics.com/news/story.php?a=2894 |archive-date=October 26, 2006 |work=Silver Bullet Comics}} ==External links== {{commons category}} {{Wikiquote}} * {{official website}} * {{Marvelwiki}} * {{comicbookdb|type=team|id=3|title=X-Men}} * {{gcdb|type=title|search=X-Men|title=X-Men}} {{X-Men}} {{X-Men characters}} {{Ultimate X-Men}} {{X-Comics}} {{X-Men media}} {{Navboxes |title= Articles and topics related to the X-Men |state=collapsed |list1= {{Excalibur}} {{Generation X (comics)}} {{New Mutants}} {{Uncanny Avengers}} {{X-Factor}} {{X-Force}} }} {{Navboxes |title= Certain Members of the X-Men |state=collapsed |list1= {{Wolverine}} {{Deadpool}} {{Kitty Pryde}} {{Namor}} {{Laura Kinney}} }} {{Navboxes |title= Allies of the X-Men |state=collapsed |list1= {{Avengers characters}} {{Ka-Zar}} {{Spider-Man characters}} {{Fantastic Four}} {{Hulk}} {{Iron Man}} {{Thor}} {{Captain America characters}} }} {{Navboxes |title= Enemies of the X-Men |state=collapsed |list1= {{Magneto}} {{Brotherhood of Evil Mutants}} {{Hellfire Club}} {{Marauders}} {{Skrull}} {{Thanos}} {{Galactus}} {{Goblin (Marvel Comics)}} {{Doctor Doom}} }} {{Navboxes|list1= {{Jack Kirby}} {{Stan Lee}} }} {{Portal bar|United States|Comics}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:X-Men}} Category:X-Men Category:1963 comics debuts Category:Civil rights movement in popular culture Category:Marvel Comics American superheroes Category:Comics characters introduced in 1963 Category:Characters created by Jack Kirby Category:Characters created by Stan Lee Category:Comics adapted into animated series Category:Evolution in popular culture Category:Marvel Entertainment franchises Category:Marvel Comics adapted into films Category:Marvel Comics adapted into video games Category:Marvel Comics superhero teams Category:Marvel Comics mutants Category:Marvel Comics titles Category:Mutants in fiction Category:X-Men supporting characters Category:X-Men titles --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [X-Men](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-Men) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-Men?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.