# Wrangelia

> Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Wrangelia
> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Wrangelia.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrangelia
> Source revision: 1356821818
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

{{Short description|Genus of algae}}
{{Distinguish|Wrangellia}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Wrangelia penicillata.JPG
| image_caption = ''Wrangelia penicillata''
| taxon = Wrangelia
| authority = [C. Agardh](/source/Carl_Adolph_Agardh), 1867
| type_species = ''Wrangelia penicillata'' 
| type_species_authority = J.Agardh, 1842
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = See text
| synonyms = ''Bracebridgea'' {{Au|J.Agardh, 1894}} unaccepted<br />
''Haliacantha'' {{Au|J.Agardh, 1899}}
}}

'''''Wrangelia''''' is a genus of red algae in the family [Wrangeliaceae](/source/Wrangeliaceae).<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Gordon |first1=Elizabeth M |title=Comparative Morphology and Taxonomy of the Wrangelieae, Sphondylothamnieae, and Spermothamnieae (Ceramiaceae, Rhodophyta) |journal=Australian Journal of Botany |date=1972 |volume=2 |issue=4 |pages=1–180}}</ref><ref>Dr W.H. Harvey {{google books|inw4AQAAMAAJ|The Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy, Volume 22, (1855)|page=545}}</ref>

The genus was [circumscribed](/source/circumscription_(taxonomy)) by [Carl Adolf Agardh](/source/Carl_Adolf_Agardh) in his book ''Species algarum rite cognitae, cum synonymis, differentiis specificis et descriptionibus succinctis''. Voluminis secundi. Sectio prior. pp. [i]-lxxvi, [i]-189. in 1828.

The genus name of ''Wrangelia'' is in honour of Fredrik Anton von Wrangel (1786–1842),<ref>{{cite web |title=Wrangel, Fredrik Anton {{!}} International Plant Names Index |url=https://www.ipni.org/a/31832-1 |website=www.ipni.org |access-date=5 December 2022}}</ref> who was a Danish-Swedish [Chamberlain](/source/Chamberlain_(office)), and also a [botanist](/source/botanist) and alga specialist.<ref>{{cite book | last=Burkhardt | first=Lotte | title=Eine Enzyklopädie zu eponymischen Pflanzennamen |trans-title=Encyclopedia of eponymic plant names | publisher=Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum, Freie Universität Berlin | year=2022 | isbn=978-3-946292-41-8 | url=https://doi.org/10.3372/epolist2022|format=pdf |language=German |location=Berlin | doi=10.3372/epolist2022 |access-date=January 27, 2022}}</ref>

The type species, ''Wrangelia penicillata'' is also commonly called ''Pink bush alga''. They form bushy plants, growing up to {{convert|20|cm|0|abbr=on}} in height. They have small branches which travel outwards alternately from either side of the main branches in a single plane. They are light pink purple in colour. The species grows in shallow waters to moderate depths, while attached to nearly any hard substrate<ref name=caribbean>{{cite web |last1=Kluijver |first1=M. De |last2=Gijswijt |first2=G. |last3=de Leon |first3=R. |last4=da Cunda |first4=I. |title=Pink bush alga - ''Wrangelia penicillata'' |url=http://species-identification.org/species.php?species_group=caribbean_diving_guide&id=485 |website=species-identification.org |publisher=Marine Species Identification Portal |access-date=5 December 2022}}</ref>
Generally, the species has 5 whorl branchlets per segment and a cortex that partially or wholly covers their axes.<ref name="Bucher"/>

==Distribution==
The genus has almost [cosmopolitan distribution](/source/cosmopolitan_distribution).<ref>{{cite web |title=''Wrangelia'' C.Agardh, 1828 |url=https://www.gbif.org/species/2657810 |website=www.gbif.org |access-date=5 December 2022 |language=en}}</ref> Such as ''Wrangelia penicillata'' can be found off the coast of [Florida](/source/Florida), the [Bahamas](/source/Bahamas) and the [Caribbean](/source/Caribbean).<ref name=caribbean/> As well as near [Mauritius](/source/Mauritius).<ref>Paul C. Silva, Philip W. Basson and Richard L. Moe {{google books|vtBdDwAAQBAJ|Catalogue of the Benthic Marine Algae of the Indian Ocean (1996)|page=432}}</ref> It has also been found in the Mediterranean (off the coasts of Spain, France, Corsica, Italy, Sicily, Greece, Turkey, Israel and Libya) as well as in the [Adriatic Sea](/source/Adriatic_Sea).<ref name=Norris>James N. Norris {{google books|wsJxHyduyAEC|Articulated Coralline Algae of the Gulf of California, Mexico, Issues 9-11 (1981)|page=46}}</ref>
While ''Wrangelia gordoniae'' is found in the tropical western Atlantic Ocean.<ref name="Bucher">{{cite journal |last1=Bucher |first1=Katina E |last2=Ballantine |first2=David L. |last3=Lozada |first3=Chad |last4=Norris |first4=James N |title=Wrangelia gordoniae, a new species of Rhodophyta (Ceramiales, Wrangeliaceae) from the tropical western Atlantic |journal=Botanica Marina |date=July 2014 |volume=4 |pages=1–16 |doi=10.1515/bot-2014-0012}}</ref> 5 species of ''Wrangelia'' are found near Australia.<ref>{{cite web |title=''Wrangelia'', State Herbarium of South Australia |url=http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/efsa/Marine_Benthic_Flora_SA/Part_IIIC/Wrangelia.shtml |website=www.flora.sa.gov.au |access-date=5 December 2022}}</ref> Species of ''Wrangelia'' are also found near [Puerto Rico](/source/Puerto_Rico),<ref name="Bucher"/> and Brazil.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Joly |first1=Aylthon B. |last2=Cordeiro |first2=Marilza |title=ADDITIONS TO THE MARINE FLORA OF BRAZIL II |journal=Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras, Universidade de São Paulo. Botânica |date=1962 |volume=18 |pages=223–228}}</ref>

They can often be found growing on limestone (rock or soils) or be [epiphytic](/source/epiphytic) on seagrass and seaweeds.<ref>{{cite web |title=Phycokey - ''Wrangelia'' |url=http://cfb.unh.edu/phycokey/Choices/Rhodophyceae/Macroreds/WRANGELIA/Wrangelia_key.htm |website=cfb.unh.edu |access-date=5 December 2022}}</ref><ref name=Norris/>

== Species ==
As accepted by [WoRMS](/source/WoRMS);<ref name="WoRMS">{{cite web |title=WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - ''Wrangelia'' C.Agardh, 1828 |url=https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=143869 |website=www.marinespecies.org |access-date=5 December 2022}}</ref>
{{div col}}
* ''[Wrangelia abietina](/source/Wrangelia_abietina)'' {{Au|Harvey, 1855}}
* ''[Wrangelia anastomosans](/source/Wrangelia_anastomosans)'' {{Au|Yamada, 1941}}<ref>[Eniwetok](/source/Eniwetok) Marine Biological Laboratory {{google books|SRAkAQAAIAAJ|Eniwetok Marine Biological Laboratory Contributions, 1955-1974, Volume 1 (1976)|page=454}}</ref>
* ''[Wrangelia argus](/source/Wrangelia_argus)'' {{Au|(Montagne) Montagne, 1856}}
* ''[Wrangelia australis](/source/Wrangelia_australis)'' {{Au|(J.Agardh) E.M.Gordon, 1972}}
* ''[Wrangelia balakrishnanii](/source/Wrangelia_balakrishnanii)'' {{Au|B.Subramanian, 1985}}
* ''[Wrangelia bicuspidata](/source/Wrangelia_bicuspidata)'' {{Au|Børgesen, 1916}}
* ''[Wrangelia confluens](/source/Wrangelia_confluens)'' {{Au|J.Agardh}}
* ''[Wrangelia dumontii](/source/Wrangelia_dumontii)'' {{Au|(E.Y.Dawson) I.A.Abbott, 1979}}
* ''[Wrangelia elegantissima](/source/Wrangelia_elegantissima)'' {{Au|R.E.Norris, 1994}}
* ''[Wrangelia galeae](/source/Wrangelia_galeae)'' {{Au|Sonder, 1881}}
* ''[Wrangelia globifera](/source/Wrangelia_globifera)'' {{Au|Meneghini}}
* ''[Wrangelia gordoniae](/source/Wrangelia_gordoniae)'' {{Au|K.E.Bucher, D.L.Ballantine, C.Lozada-Troche & J.N.Norris, 2014}}<ref name="Bucher"/>
* ''[Wrangelia hainanensis](/source/Wrangelia_hainanensis)'' {{Au|C.K.Tseng, 1942}}
* ''[Wrangelia incurva](/source/Wrangelia_incurva)'' {{Au|J.Agardh}}
* ''[Wrangelia nigrescens](/source/Wrangelia_nigrescens)'' {{Au|Meneghini}}
* ''[Wrangelia nobilis](/source/Wrangelia_nobilis)'' {{Au|J.D.Hooker & Harvey, 1847}}
* ''[Wrangelia penicillata](/source/Wrangelia_penicillata)'' {{Au|(C.Agardh) C.Agardh, 1828}}
* ''[Wrangelia penicillta](/source/Wrangelia_penicillta)'' 
* ''[Wrangelia plebeja](/source/Wrangelia_plebeja)'' {{Au|J.Agardh, 1852}}
* ''[Wrangelia plumosa](/source/Wrangelia_plumosa)'' {{Au|Harvey, 1844}}
* ''[Wrangelia purpurifera](/source/Wrangelia_purpurifera)'' {{Au|J.Agardh, 1863}}
* ''[Wrangelia sceptrifera](/source/Wrangelia_sceptrifera)'' {{Au|J.Agardh, 1894}}
* ''[Wrangelia sporigera](/source/Wrangelia_sporigera)'' {{Au|Meneghini}}
* ''[Wrangelia sundaralingamii](/source/Wrangelia_sundaralingamii)'' {{Au|B.Subramanian, 1985}}
* ''[Wrangelia tagoi](/source/Wrangelia_tagoi)'' {{Au|(Okamura) Okamura & Segawa, 1936}}
* ''[Wrangelia tanegana](/source/Wrangelia_tanegana)'' {{Au|Harvey, 1860}}
* ''[Wrangelia tenuis](/source/Wrangelia_tenuis)'' {{Au|Noda, 1964}}
* ''[Wrangelia variabilis](/source/Wrangelia_variabilis)'' {{Au|Derb. & Sol.}}
* ''[Wrangelia velutina](/source/Wrangelia_velutina)'' {{Au|(Sonder) Harvey, 1855}}
* ''[Wrangelia verticillata](/source/Wrangelia_verticillata)'' {{Au|Kützing, 1847}}
{{div col end}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==Other sources==
* Dawes, C.J. and A.C. Mathieson (2008). Seaweeds of Florida. University Press of Florida (592 pp).
* Gray, Samuel Octavius, British Sea-Weeds: An Introduction to the Study of the Marine Algae of Great Britain, Ireland, and the Channel Islands, 1867
* Schneider, C. W. (2003). An annotated checklist and bibliography of the marine macroalgae of the Bermuda Islands. Nova Hedwigia, 76(3-4): 275-361
* Silva, P. C.; Basson, P. W.; Moe, R. L. (1996). Catalogue of the benthic marine algae of the Indian Ocean. University of California Publications in Botany. 79: 1-1259

==External links==
* [https://www.gbif.org/species/2657810 ''Wrangelia'' images and occurrence data] from [GBIF](/source/GBIF)
* {{Wikispecies-inline}}
* {{Commons category-inline}}
* [https://www.algaebase.org/search/genus/detail/?genus_id=33306 ''Wrangelia''] at [AlgaeBase](/source/AlgaeBase)

{{Taxonbar|from=Q21230457}}

Category:Red algae genera
Category:Ceramiales

---
Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Wrangelia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrangelia) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrangelia?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.