# William Marshall Jr.

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{{Short description|American architect (1925–1997)}}
{{Infobox architect
|name                 = William Marshall Jr.
|image                = 
|image_size           = 
|caption              = 
|birth_date           = {{Birth date|1925|11|24}}
|birth_place          = [Ashland, Kentucky](/source/Ashland%2C_Kentucky)
|death_date           = {{Death date and age|1997|11|8|1925|11|24}}
|death_place          = [Norfolk, Virginia](/source/Norfolk%2C_Virginia)
|practice             = Lublin, McGaughy & Associates; McGaughy, Marshall & McMillan; MMM Design Group
|significant_buildings= 
|significant_design   = 
|awards               = [Fellow of the American Institute of Architects](/source/Fellow_of_the_American_Institute_of_Architects)
}}
[[File:Kaufman Mall and the Webb University Center.JPG|thumb|The Webb University Center of [Old Dominion University](/source/Old_Dominion_University) viewed from Kaufman Mall, completed in 1966.]]
'''William Marshall Jr.''' {{post-nominals|list=[FAIA](/source/FAIA)}} (1925–1997) was an American [architect](/source/architect) in practice in [Norfolk, Virginia](/source/Norfolk%2C_Virginia) from 1955 to 1984 and was president of the [American Institute of Architects](/source/American_Institute_of_Architects) for 1975.

==Life and career==
William Marshall Jr. was born November 24, 1925, in [Ashland, Kentucky](/source/Ashland%2C_Kentucky) to William Marshall, a civil engineer, and Lee (Powers) Marshall.<ref name="Marquis">"Marshall, William Jr." in ''Who's Who in America'' (New Providence: Marquis Who's Who, 1992): 2193.</ref> The family moved to [Virginia](/source/Virginia) shortly thereafter and in 1939 settled permanently in [Norfolk](/source/Norfolk%2C_Virginia). In 1943 he enrolled in the [Virginia Military Institute](/source/Virginia_Military_Institute) to study engineering, but left in 1944 to enlist in the [United States Army](/source/United_States_Army). After the war he enrolled in the [University of Virginia](/source/University_of_Virginia) to study architecture, and graduated with a BS in architecture in 1949. He then enrolled in the MArch program at [Columbia University](/source/Columbia_University) but dropped out after a year to begin work. In 1950 he returned to Norfolk, where he joined the office of Lublin, McGaughy & Associates, architects and engineers, and in 1955 he became a partner. In 1960 the senior partner, Alfred M. Lublin, died, and Marshall became senior architect of the firm.<ref name="Vosbeck"/> The firm's practice expanded quickly, and by 1962 they had offices in [Washington](/source/Washington%2C_D.C.), [Honolulu](/source/Honolulu), [Orlando](/source/Orlando%2C_Florida), [Paris](/source/Paris), [Livorno](/source/Livorno) and [Wiesbaden](/source/Wiesbaden) in addition to the head office in Norfolk.<ref>"Lublin, McGaughy & Associates" in ''American Architects Directory'' (New York: R. R. Bowker Company, 1962): 434.</ref> In 1965 the firm was reorganized as McGaughy, Marshall & McMillan.<ref name="Marshall70"/> By 1970 they had centralized their foreign practice in an office in [Athens](/source/Athens) with stateside offices in [Washington](/source/Washington%2C_D.C.), [Richmond](/source/Richmond%2C_Virginia), [Omaha](/source/Omaha%2C_Nebraska) and [Grand Island](/source/Grand_Island%2C_Nebraska)<ref>"McGaughy, Marshall & McMillan" in ''American Architects Directory'' (New York: R. R. Bowker Company, 1970): 576.</ref> and in 1981 reorganized as the MMM Design Group with Marshall as president.<ref>Virginia corporation records</ref> In addition to conventional architectural and engineering practice, the firm was responsible for master plans for new towns and cities in [Africa](/source/Africa) and [Asia](/source/Asia).<ref name="Vosbeck"/> Marshall retired in 1984 but continued to maintain a small consulting practice from an office in [Exmore](/source/Exmore%2C_Virginia). MMM Design Group survived his retirement by thirty years, but faltered during the [Great Recession](/source/Great_Recession) and ultimately closed in 2014.<ref>Reynolds Hutchins, "[https://www.pilotonline.com/inside-business/article_eae98f48-6805-5aea-a2e5-a76a53abc428.html After nearly 70 years, MMM Design firm closes]," Virginian–Pilot, October 17, 2014. Accessed March 9, 2023.</ref>

Marshall joined the [American Institute of Architects](/source/American_Institute_of_Architects) (AIA) in 1958 as a member of the Virginia chapter. He served as chapter president for 1969–70 and was a member of several national committees. In 1971 when AIA vice president [George Malcolm White](/source/George_Malcolm_White) was appointed [Architect of the Capitol](/source/Architect_of_the_Capitol), Marshall was appointed to finish his term. In 1973 he was elected first vice president/president elect for 1974 and president for 1975. As president Marshall focused on strengthening local and state chapters and during the [energy crisis](/source/1970s_energy_crisis) advocated for energy efficiency in design and construction. Marshall was elected a [fellow](/source/Fellow_of_the_American_Institute_of_Architects) of the AIA in 1972 and was elected an honorary member of the [Royal Architectural Institute of Canada](/source/Royal_Architectural_Institute_of_Canada).<ref name="Vosbeck">R. Randall Vosbeck, ''A Legacy of Leadership: The Presidents of the American Institute of Architects, 1857–2007'' (Washington: American Institute of Architects, 2008): 133–136.</ref>

==Personal life==
Marshall was married in 1951 to Joan Goodyear Ellingston. They had five children, three sons and two daughters.<ref name="Marquis"/> Marshall died November 8, 1997, in Norfolk at the age of 71.<ref name="Vosbeck"/>

==Architectural works==
* Southern Shopping Center, 7525 Tidewater Dr, [Norfolk, Virginia](/source/Norfolk%2C_Virginia) (1957)<ref name="Marshall62">"Marshall, William Jr." in ''American Architects Directory'' (New York: R. R. Bowker Company, 1962): 464.</ref>
* Master plan and buildings, [Joint Forces Staff College](/source/Joint_Forces_Staff_College), [Norfolk, Virginia](/source/Norfolk%2C_Virginia) (1958)<ref name="Marshall62"/>
* Chesapeake Municipal Center,{{efn|name=Civic|Bernard B. Spigel, architect; Lublin, McGaughy & Associates, associate architect. Originally intended as the Civic Center of [Norfolk County](/source/Norfolk_County%2C_Virginia) which became the city of Chesapeake in 1963.}} 306 Cedar Rd, [Chesapeake, Virginia](/source/Chesapeake%2C_Virginia) (1961, altered)<ref name="Marshall62"/>
* Kirn Memorial Library, 301 E City Hall Ave, [Norfolk, Virginia](/source/Norfolk%2C_Virginia) (1962, demolished 2009)<ref>Richard Guy Wilson, ''Buildings of Virginia: Tidewater and Piedmont'' (New York: Oxford University Press, 2002)</ref>
* [Embassy of Germany](/source/Embassy_of_Germany%2C_Washington%2C_D.C.),{{efn|name=Germany|[Egon Eiermann](/source/Egon_Eiermann), architect; Lublin, McGaughy & Associates, associate architect.}} 4645 Reservoir Rd NW, [Washington, D.C.](/source/Washington%2C_D.C.) (1964)<ref name="Vosbeck"/>
* Algonquin House, 7320 Glenroie Ave, [Norfolk, Virginia](/source/Norfolk%2C_Virginia) (1965)<ref name="Marshall70">"Marshall, William Jr." in ''American Architects Directory'' (New York: R. R. Bowker Company, 1970): 597.</ref>
* Webb University Center, [Old Dominion University](/source/Old_Dominion_University), [Norfolk, Virginia](/source/Norfolk%2C_Virginia) (1966)<ref name="Marshall70"/>
* BB&T Building, 500 E Main St, [Norfolk, Virginia](/source/Norfolk%2C_Virginia) (1970)<ref name="Marquis"/>
* Master plan of [Marj](/source/Marj), [Libya](/source/Libya) (1970)<ref name="Vosbeck"/>
* [Ministry of Defense](/source/Ministry_of_Defense_(Saudi_Arabia)) headquarters, [Riyadh](/source/Riyadh), [Saudi Arabia](/source/Saudi_Arabia) (1976)<ref name="Marquis"/>
* Nebraska East Union, [University of Nebraska–Lincoln](/source/University_of_Nebraska%E2%80%93Lincoln) East Campus, [Lincoln, Nebraska](/source/Lincoln%2C_Nebraska) (1977)<ref>"Union in 'Central' Spot," ''Lincoln Star'', February 20, 1977, 2N.</ref>
* Master plan of [Brega](/source/Brega), [Libya](/source/Libya) (1980)<ref name="Marquis"/>
* [Old Post Office](/source/Old_Post_Office_(Washington%2C_D.C.)) rehabilitation,{{efn|name=PO|[Arthur Cotton Moore](/source/Arthur_Cotton_Moore)/Associates, architect; McGaughy, Marshall & McMillan, associate architect.}} 1100 Pennsylvania Ave NW, [Washington, D.C.](/source/Washington%2C_D.C.) (1983)<ref>G. Martin Moeller Jr., ''AIA Guide to the Architecture of Washington, D.C.'' (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2012)</ref>
* Master plan of [Hamad Town](/source/Hamad_Town), [Bahrain](/source/Bahrain) (1984)<ref>"Export Opportunities" in ''Business America'' 6, no. 10 (May 16, 1983): 36.</ref>

==Notes==
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==References==
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{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Marshall, William Jr.}}
Category:Architects from Virginia
Category:20th-century American architects
Category:Fellows of the American Institute of Architects
Category:Presidents of the American Institute of Architects
Category:University of Virginia alumni
Category:1925 births
Category:1997 deaths

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [William Marshall Jr.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Marshall_Jr.) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Marshall_Jr.?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.