# Walter Crum

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{{Short description|Scottish chemist and businessman (1796-1867)}}
{{for|the Scottish Coptologist|Walter Ewing Crum}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}
{{Use British English|date=April 2017}}
{{Infobox person
| name          = Walter Crum
| image         = Walter Crum. Photogravure by Maclure & Macdonald. Wellcome V0001366.jpg
| caption       = Walter Crum Photograph
| birth_name    = Walter Crum
| birth_date    = 1796
| birth_place   = Glasgow, Scotland
| death_date    = 1867
| death_place   = Rouken Glen (near Glasgow), Scotland
| occupation    = Chemist, industrialist
| known_for     = Scottish chemist and textile businessman; Fellow of the Royal Society
| spouse        = Jessie Graham
| children      = Alexander Crum, William Graham Crum, Elisabeth Graham Crum, Margaret Crum, Walter Ewing Crum, Mary Gray, Jessie Crum
| awards        = Fellow of the Royal Society (1844)
}}

'''Walter Crum''' [FRS](/source/Fellow_of_the_Royal_Society) (1796 – 5 May 1867<ref>{{cite book |last=Bayliss |first=William M. |title=Dictionary of National Biography |publisher=Smith, Elder & Co. |year=1885 |volume=13 |page=225 |entry=Crum, Walter |quote=Walter Crum (1796–5 May 1867) was a Scottish chemist and industrialist.}}</ref>) was a Scottish chemist and industrialist. He became a [Fellow of the Royal Society](/source/Fellow_of_the_Royal_Society) in 1844.<ref name=100Men>{{cite book|url=http://gdl.cdlr.strath.ac.uk/mlemen/mlemen024.htm |title=Memoirs and portraits of 100 Glasgow men |chapter=24. Walter Crum |first=James |last=MacLehose |date=1886 |via=Gdl.cdlr.strath.ac.uk |accessdate=2016-02-04 |location=Glasgow |publisher=James MacLehose & Sons}}</ref>

==Life==
He was born in [Glasgow](/source/Glasgow), the second son of Alexander Crum of [Thornliebank](/source/Thornliebank), a merchant there, and of Jane, the eldest daughter of Walter Ewing Maclae; the politician [Humphrey Ewing Crum-Ewing](/source/Humphrey_Ewing_Crum-Ewing) was his younger brother.<ref name=100Men/><ref name="Britain)1868">{{cite book|author=Royal Society (Great Britain)|title=Proceedings of the Royal Society of London|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iyAWAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR8|accessdate=26 April 2012|year=1868|page=8}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=http://gdl.cdlr.strath.ac.uk/stecit/stecit14042.htm |title=Curiosities of Glasgow citizenship |chapter=Walter Ewing |first=George |last=Stewart |date=1881 |via=Gdl.cdlr.strath.ac.uk |accessdate=2016-02-04 |location=Glasgow |publisher=James Maclehose}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/debrettshouseo1870londuoft#page/96/mode/2up |title=Debrett's House of Commons and the Judicial Branch |chapter=An Alphabetical List of the Members of Parliament at the Commencement of the Year 1870 |date=1870 |page=97 |accessdate=2016-02-04}}</ref> His sister Margaret Fisher Crum married [John Brown](/source/John_Brown_(divine)) as his second wife, and was mother of [Alexander Crum Brown](/source/Alexander_Crum_Brown).<ref>{{ODNBweb|id=37229|title=Brown, Alexander Crum|first=Colin A.|last=Russell}}</ref>  
[[File:Calico sample Crum & Co..jpg|thumb|[Calico print](/source/Chintz) by Walter Crum & Co.]]
Walter Crum studied at [Anderson's University](/source/Anderson's_University) under [Thomas Graham](/source/Thomas_Graham_(chemist)).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://atom.lib.strath.ac.uk/walter-crum-papers |title=Collection OM/43 - Walter Crum papers |website=University of Strathclyde Archives and Special Collections, United Kingdom |accessdate=13 July 2020}}</ref> He then worked for [James Thomson](/source/James_Thomson_(calico_printer)) for two years<ref name=100Men/> before going into the same business, the printing of [calico](/source/calico_(textile)), on his own account. He directed the existing family firm at Thornliebank, already large employers, into dyeing, particularly with [Turkey red](/source/Turkey_red).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/site/78573/details/glasgow+thornliebank+general/ |title=Glasgow, Thornliebank, General &#124; Canmore |website=Canmore.rcahms.gov.uk |date= |accessdate=2016-02-04}}</ref>
thumb|Map showing Thornliebank, the bleach works, and Rouken Glen Park.
Crum purchased the Birkenshaw Estate (later [Rouken Glen Park](/source/Rouken_Glen_Park)).<ref>{{cite web|title=History |work=Rouken Glen Park |url=http://roukenglenpark.wordpress.com/park/history/ |accessdate=26 April 2012 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110824221901/http://roukenglenpark.wordpress.com/park/history/ |archivedate=24 August 2011 }}</ref> He was an early collector of photographs.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.culturalprofiles.net/scotland/units/575.html |title=Scottish National Portrait Gallery |website=Scotland Cultural Profile |date=2007-05-02 |accessdate=2012-04-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013100136/http://www.culturalprofiles.net/scotland/units/575.html |archive-date=2007-10-13 |url-status=usurped}}</ref>

==Family==
Crum married Jessie, daughter of William Graham. Their children included:

*[Alexander Crum](/source/Alexander_Crum) MP, who married Margaret Stewart (Nina), eldest daughter of [Alexander Ewing](/source/Alexander_Ewing_(bishop)),<ref>{{cite book |chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/debrettshouseo1881londuoft#page/58/mode/2up |title= Debrett's House of Commons and the Judicial Bench |chapter=An Alphabetical List of the Members of Parliament at the Commencement of the Year 1881 |date=1881 |accessdate=2016-02-04 |page=58}}</ref> and was father of [Walter Ewing Crum](/source/Walter_Ewing_Crum).<ref>{{ODNBweb|id=32653|title=Crum, Walter Ewing|first=R. S.|last=Simpson}}</ref>
*William Graham Crum, who married Jean, youngest daughter of [John McLeod Campbell](/source/John_McLeod_Campbell), in 1868.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/stream/memorialsofjohnm02camp#page/188/mode/2up |title=Memorials of John McLeod Campbell, D.D., being selections from his correspondence |editor=Donald Campbell |location=London |publisher=Macmillan and Co. |date=1877 |page=188 |accessdate=2016-02-04}}</ref> He sold the Rouken Glen Estate to [Cameron Corbett](/source/Cameron_Corbett) in 1904, who gave it to the people of Glasgow.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://personal.cis.strath.ac.uk/~davidm/website/history01.htm |title=Rouken Glen - A History in Pictures |website=Personal.cis.strath.ac.uk |date= |accessdate=2016-02-04}}</ref> A [calico](/source/calico) printer, he lived for some time at [Mere Old Hall](/source/Mere_Old_Hall) near [Knutsford](/source/Knutsford), [Cheshire](/source/Cheshire),<ref>England and Wales census (1881), Mere Old Hall, piece 3511, folio 77, p. 21.</ref> where his son [John Macleod Campbell Crum](/source/John_Macleod_Campbell_Crum) was born, and later at [Broxton Old Hall](/source/Broxton_Old_Hall), also in Cheshire.<ref>England and Wales census (1891), Broxton Old Hall, piece 2859, folio 62.</ref>
*Elisabeth Graham Crum, who married [William Henry Houldsworth](/source/William_Henry_Houldsworth).<ref>{{ODNBweb|id=40813|title=Houldsworth, Sir William Henry|first=A. C.|last=Howe}}</ref> 
*Margaret Crum who married [William Thomson](/source/William_Thomson%2C_1st_Baron_Kelvin) the physicist and engineer, later 1st Baron Kelvin.<ref>{{ODNBweb|id=36507|title=Thomson, William|first=Crosbie|last=Smith}}</ref>
*Walter Ewing Crum, who was a merchant in Liverpool, married Sara Margaret Tinne in 1873, and died in India in 1882.<ref>{{cite book |author=Family of Douglas |title=The Genealogy of the Families of Douglas of Mulderg and Robertson of Kindeace with their Descendants |date=1895 |pages=31–2 |url=https://archive.org/stream/genealogyoffamil00doug#page/30/mode/2up |publisher=A. M. Ross and Company |location=Dingwall}}</ref>
*Mary Gray, and Jessie.<ref>{{cite book|first=Silvanus Phillips|last=Thompson|title=The Life Of Lord Kelvin|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t6tLTVb22gsC&pg=PA46|accessdate=26 April 2012|date=June 2006|publisher=American Mathematical Soc.|isbn=978-0-8218-3743-6|page=46|author-link=Silvanus Phillips Thompson}}</ref>

==See also==
*[Dead cotton](/source/Dead_cotton)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Crum, Walter}}
Category:1796 births
Category:1867 deaths
Category:19th-century Scottish businesspeople
Category:Businesspeople from Glasgow
Category:Alumni of the University of Strathclyde
Category:Scottish collectors
Category:19th-century Scottish chemists
Category:Scientists from Glasgow
Category:British fellows of the Royal Society

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Walter Crum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Crum) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Crum?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.