# Vanna

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'''Vanna''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|v|æ|n|ə}}) is a [given name](/source/given_name) that first appeared in recorded [European history](/source/European_history) circa 1294. The [Italian](/source/Italy) [medieval](/source/medieval) feminine name originated in [Tuscany](/source/Tuscany), and is particular to [Florence](/source/Florence), Italy.

== History ==
The name Vanna first appears in print in ''[La Vita Nuova](/source/La_Vita_Nuova)'', a 1294 book of verse written by [Dante Alighieri](/source/Dante_Alighieri), an [Italian](/source/Italy) [Florentine](/source/Florence) poet.  In one verse, Dante writes that (anthropomorphized) [Love](/source/Love) itself proclaims that Vanna is ''Primavera'' ("Springtime") and declares that [Beatrice](/source/Beatrice_Portinari)'s name is "Love".<ref>[http://www.freefictionbooks.org/books/r/23561-the-romance-of-biography-vol-1-of-2-by-jameson?start=34 ''The Romance of Biography - Vol. 1''], Jameson; E Monna Vanna e Monna Bice poi</ref>

Vanna is also a [Cambodia](/source/Cambodia)n [unisex name](/source/unisex_name) ({{lang|km|វណ្ណា}} {{Transliteration|km|Vaṇṇā}} {{IPA|km|ʋannaː|}}) meaning "Gold". It originates from ancient [Sanskrit](/source/Sanskrit) {{Transliteration|sa|Varṇa}}. [Cambodian name](/source/Cambodian_name)s are chosen for various themes such as Nature and positive attributes.<ref>[http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/articles/cambodia/cambodian-names/1672 Cambodian names] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121205062430/http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/articles/cambodia/cambodian-names/1672 |date=2012-12-05 }} The beauty and significance of Cambodian names</ref>

== Variations ==
Vannetta; Vanetta; Vannina; Vanni, similar to the first name [Ivanna](/source/Ivanna).

== Meanings and usage ==

The name Vanna is particular to the [Tuscan](/source/Tuscany) province of Italy where usage originated during the [Renaissance](/source/Renaissance) and became popular as a feminine first given name. ''Vanna'' is the feminine root form of ''Giovanni'', the Italian cognate of [John](/source/John_(given_name)), meaning "God is gracious".

An Italian variant that closely resembles the name but was a family name and not in usage as a first or given name is the rare surname ''vanno'', from ancient Latin meaning "she who sifts" (or "assesses") and "merit".

Vanna is a Cambodian given name to either females or males and means "golden" and "golden colored".

In Hebrew, Vanna means "God's gift".

The [Russian](/source/Russian_language) and [Czech](/source/Czech_language) variation ''Ivanna'' means "God is gracious".

Van is short for the [Scottish](/source/Scots_language) variation [Evan](/source/Evan_(given_name)), meaning "Youth" and "God's grace".

The Italian [Name day](/source/Name_day) is July 23, in memory of the Blessed Vanna of [Orvieto](/source/Orvieto), who died in 1306.

== In popular culture ==
[[File:Dante and beatrice.jpg|thumb|right|290px|  ''[Dante and Beatrice](/source/Dante_and_Beatrice_(painting))'', 1883 by [English](/source/England) painter [Henry Holiday](/source/Henry_Holiday), depicts Beatrice (white dress) with Vanna (red dress) walking along the [Arno](/source/Arno) river as the enamored poet Dante Alighieri looks on.]]

===Literature===
* '''''[La Vita Nuova](/source/La_Vita_Nuova)'', by Dante Alighieri''' (1294). Vanna is a character inspired and named for a Florentine lady who was the best friend of Beatrice, his true love whom he later immortalizes in ''[The Divine Comedy](/source/The_Divine_Comedy)'' as the pure soul who awaits him at the gates of heaven.
* '''Poetry by [Ezra Pound](/source/Ezra_Pound)''':
** [The Alchemist](/source/The_Alchemist_(poem)). In a chant for the transmutation of metals, Pound invokes: "''Vanna, Mandetta, Viera, Alodetta, Picarda, Manuela / From the red gleam of copper, [...] O Queen of Cypress, / Out of Erebus, out of the flat waste of air, lying beneath the world; / Out of the brown leaf-brown colourless / Bring the imperceptible cool."''<ref>[https://www.questia.com/library/61844216/collected-early-poems-of-ezra-pound Collected Early Poems of Ezra Pound]</ref>
** [The Cantos](/source/The_Cantos). The last line of the Canto 93 describes (''"un lume pien' di spiriti"'') "a light full of the spirits [of love]," and finishes with (''"e Monna Vanna . . . tu mi fai rimembrar"'') ''"and Monna [Lady] Vanna, you cause me to remember [paradise]."''<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=B7r7gL_YGTUC&dq=ezra+pound+the+cantos+e+Monna+Vanna+...+tu+mi+fai+rimembrar.&pg=PA25 ''Ezra Pound and the Mysteries of Love: A Plan for The Cantos''], by Akiko Miyake</ref>

===Theater, television, film===
* '''''Star Trek'' - Vanna''' is a character in the original ''[Star Trek](/source/Star_Trek%3A_The_Original_Series)'' television series episode "[The Cloud Minders](/source/The_Cloud_Minders)" (1969).<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/character/ch0001721/ Star Trek original series; IMDB) Vanna (Character)]</ref>
* '''''Monna Vanna'', by [Maurice Maeterlinck](/source/Maurice_Maeterlinck)''' (1902). The play was the first success in the writer's literary career that, in 1911, was honored with the [Nobel Prize](/source/Nobel_Prize) for literature. [Ayn Rand](/source/Ayn_Rand) referred to ''Monna Vanna'' "...one of the greatest plays in all of world literature".<ref>[https://estore.aynrand.org/p/97/eight-great-plays-as-literature-and-as-philosophy-mp3-download The Ayn Rand Institute] Great Plays as Literature and as Philosophy</ref>  ''Monna Vanna'' played on every important stage in Europe, except in England, where it was prohibited by censors until 1914.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=zdgOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA118 English Theatre in Transition: 1881-1914], by James Woodfield; p. 118 (1984)</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=q-OzLcG2_VsC&pg=PA42 Major Prophets of Today], by Edwin E. Slosson; p. 42</ref>  The play was produced in Hollywood in 2007 by the [Stella Adler](/source/Stella_Adler) theater, the first time since the 20th century.<ref>[https://www.plays411.net/newsite/show/play_info.asp?show_id=1298 ''Monna Vanna''], Stella Adler Theater</ref>
[[File:Monna Vanna.jpg|right|thumb|120px|''Monna Vanna - a nude version of the [Mona Lisa](/source/Mona_Lisa) painted by [Salaì](/source/Sala%C3%AC)''.]]

===Painting===
* ''Monna Vanna'', by [Dante Gabriel Rossetti](/source/Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti) (1866)<ref>[http://www.artfund.org/news/2012/09/28/a-new-kind-of-beauty-rossettis-monna-vanna A new Kind of Beauty: Rossetti's Monna Vanna]</ref>
* ''[Dante and Beatrice](/source/Dante_and_Beatrice_(painting))'', by [Henry Holiday](/source/Henry_Holiday) (1883)
* ''Monna Vanna'', a nude version of the ''Mona Lisa'' painted by [Salaì](/source/Sala%C3%AC) (Gian Giacomo Caprotti da Oreno), a pupil of [Leonardo da Vinci](/source/Leonardo_da_Vinci). (''Monna'' was the Renaissance title for "Lady", e.g., Mona Lisa, Monna Vanna).

===Music===
* ''[Monna Vanna](/source/Monna_Vanna)'', unfinished opera by [Sergei Rachmaninoff](/source/Sergei_Rachmaninoff)
* ''[Monna Vanna](/source/Monna_Vanna_(F%C3%A9vrier))'', opera in 4 acts by [Henry Février](/source/Henry_F%C3%A9vrier)
* ''Monna Vanna'', opera in 3 acts by [Emil Ábrányi](/source/Emil_%C3%81br%C3%A1nyi)
* ''Monna Vanna'', opera in 4 acts by Nicolae Brânzeu
* ''[Vanna](/source/Vanna_(band))'', a [post-hardcore](/source/post-hardcore) band
* ''[Vanna](/source/Vanna_(singer))'', a Croatian pop singer

== People ==
* Monna (Lady) Vanna, thirteenth century muse and love of Florentine poet [Guido Cavalcanti](/source/Guido_Cavalcanti) 
* [Vanna Bonta](/source/Vanna_Bonta) (1953–2014), American novelist, poet and actress
* [Vanna Brosio](/source/Vanna_Brosio) (1943–2010), Italian singer, television personality and journalist
* [Vanna Rosenberg](/source/Vanna_Rosenberg) (born 1973), Swedish singer and actress
* [Vanna Vanni](/source/Vanna_Vanni) (1920–1998), Italian film actress
* [Vanna White](/source/Vanna_White) (born 1957), American game show hostess

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
*Dante, ''Vita Nuova''. Milano, Garzanti, 1982.
*Tobias Eisermann, Cavalcanti oder die Poetik der Negativität, Band 17 in Romanica et Comparatistica: Sprach- und literaturwissenschaftliche Studien, herausgegeben von Richard Baum und Willi Hirdt, Tübingen: Stauffenburg Verlag Brigitte Narr GmbH, 1992; ISBN
*AA.VV., ''Antologia della poesia italiana'', ed C.Segre and C. Ossola. Torino, Einaudi, 1999
*Migliorini, B. ''Storia della lingua Italiana''. Firenze, Sansoni, 1987

== See also ==
* [Monna Vanna (disambiguation)](/source/Monna_Vanna_(disambiguation))

{{given name}}

Category:Italian feminine given names
Category:Feminine given names

[nl:Vanna](/source/nl%3AVanna)
[sv:Vanna](/source/sv%3AVanna)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Vanna](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanna) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanna?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.