# Vandeae

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Tribe of orchids

Vandeae Temporal range: 25.31 –0 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Late Oligocene – Recent[1] Bromheadia brevifolia (Adrorhizinae) Cyrtorchis arcuata (Angraecinae) Trichoglottis atropurpurea (Aeridinae) Polystachya aconitiflora (Polystachyinae) Diversity of Vandeae Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Clade: Embryophytes Clade: Tracheophytes Clade: Spermatophytes Clade: Angiosperms Clade: Monocots Order: Asparagales Family: Orchidaceae Subfamily: Epidendroideae Tribe: Vandeae Type genus Vanda R.Br.[2] Subtribes Adrorhizinae Angraecinae Aeridinae Polystachyinae Synonyms[3] Polystachyeae Pfitzer (1887) Sarcantheae Pfitzer (1887) Polyrrhizeae Small (1933) Adrorhizeae (Schltr.) Szlach. (1995)

The **Vandeae** is a large [monophyletic](/source/Monophyly) [tribe](/source/Tribe_(biology)) within the family of [orchids](/source/Orchids).

## Scope

*[Aeranthes peyrotii](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aeranthes_peyrotii&action=edit&redlink=1)*

*[Sarcochilus ceciliae](/source/Sarcochilus_ceciliae)*

This tribe contains 1,700 - 2,000 species in more than 150 genera.[4]

## Epiphytic

These orchids are pantropical [epiphytes](/source/Epiphyte) and occur in tropical Asia, the Pacific Islands, Australia and Africa. Many of these orchids are [horticulturally](/source/Horticulture) important, especially *[Vanda](/source/Vanda)* and *[Phalaenopsis](/source/Phalaenopsis)*.

## Subtribes

This tribe is subdivided into four subtribes:[5]

- Subtribe [Adrorhizinae](/source/Adrorhizinae)

- Subtribe [Aeridinae](/source/Aeridinae) (formerly, illegitimate subtribal name Sarcanthinae): largest subtribe with more than 1,000 species in 103 genera, including about 200 hybrid species; occurs mostly in Asia and Australia and with a few in Africa. They are distinguished from the other subtribes by having an entire [rostellum](/source/Rostellum), a relatively small [spur](/source/Spur_(biology)) formed by the lip, and four (or two) [pollinia](/source/Pollinium).

- Subtribe [Angraecinae](/source/Angraecinae) Summerh.: about 400 species in 19 genera. They occur in tropical Africa, Madagascar, the Mascarene and Comoros Islands and two genera in tropical America. They are distinguished from the other subtribes by having an apron-like rostellum, an elongate spur, and two pollinia.

- Subtribe [Polystachyinae](/source/Polystachyinae) (formerly part of the Epidendreae) : about 220 species in two genera : *[Hederorkis](/source/Hederorkis)* and *[Polystachya](/source/Polystachya)*. They all show four pollinia. The lip often has mealy hairs called pseudopollen on the upper surface.

The following phylogenetic tree shows the relationships among the subtribes:[6]

Vandeae s.l. Aeridinae Angraecinae (including Aerangidinae) Adrorhizinae Polystachyinae

The subtribe [Aerangidinae](/source/Aerangidinae) Summerh. is increasingly included within Angraecinae. The subtribe Angraecinae is a well supported, monophyletic group under the inclusion of Aerangidinae. Separating these groups would make them polyphyletic.[7][8]

The divergence time of Vandeae has been estimated to be 25.31 Mya.[1]

## Gallery

		- *[Polystachya virginea](/source/Polystachya_virginea)* Summerh., a member of the subtribe Polystachyinae

		- *[Bromheadia brevifolia](/source/Bromheadia_brevifolia)* Ridl., a member of the subtribe Adrorhizinae

		- *[Thrixspermum calceolus](/source/Thrixspermum_calceolus)* (Lindl.) Rchb.f., a member of the subtribe Aeridinae

		- *[Angraecum magdalenae](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Angraecum_magdalenae&action=edit&redlink=1)* Schltr. & H.Perrier, a member of the subtribe Angraecinae

## See also

- [Taxonomy of the Orchidaceae](/source/Taxonomy_of_the_Orchidaceae#Tribe_Vandeae)

## References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Vandeae](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Vandeae).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Kim_et_al_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Kim_et_al_1-1) Kim, Young-Kee; Jo, Sangjin; Cheon, Se-Hwan; Kwak, Myounghai; Kim, Young-Dong; Kim, Ki-Joong (2020). ["Plastome evolution and phylogeny of subtribe Aeridinae (Vandeae, Orchidaceae)"](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ympev.2019.106721). *Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution*. **144** 106721. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2020MolPE.14406721K](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020MolPE.14406721K). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106721](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ympev.2019.106721). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [31870921](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31870921).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Tropicos_2-0)** Missouri Botanical Garden. (n.d.-g). Vandeae Lindl. Tropicos. Retrieved December 2, 2024, from [http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/50169895](http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/50169895)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Pridgeon_et_al.,_2014_3-0)** Pridgeon, Alec M.; Cribb, Phillip; Chase, Mark W.; Rasmussen, Finn N., eds. (2014). [*Genera Orchidacearum: Epidendroideae*](https://books.google.com/books?id=s9HQAgAAQBAJ&dq=Phalaenopsidinae%20Szlach.&pg=PA101). Vol. 6 pt 3. [Oxford University Press](/source/Oxford_University_Press). p. 101. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-19-964651-7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-964651-7).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Chase_4-0)** Chase, Mark; Cameron, Kenneth M.; Barrett, Russell L.; Freudenstein, John V. (2003). ["DNA data and Orchidaceae systematics: a new phylogenetic classification"](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/234814296). In Dixon, K.W.; Kell, S.P.; Barrett, R.L.; Cribb, P.J. (eds.). *Orchid Conservation*. Natural History Publications. pp. 69–89.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Simo-Droissart_et_al.,_2018_5-0)** Simo-Droissart, Murielle; Plunkett, Gregory M.; Droissart, Vincent; Edwards, Molly B.; Farminhão, João N.M.; Ječmenica, Vladimir; D'haijère, Tania; Lowry, Porter P.; Sonké, Bonaventure; Micheneau, Claire; Carlsward, Barbara S.; Azandi, Laura; Verlynde, Simon; Hardy, Olivier J.; Martos, Florent; Bytebier, Benny; Fischer, Eberhard; Stévart, Tariq (2018). ["New phylogenetic insights toward developing a natural generic classification of African angraecoid orchids (Vandeae, Orchidaceae)"](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ympev.2018.04.021). *Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution*. **126**. Elsevier BV: 241–249. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2018MolPE.126..241S](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018MolPE.126..241S). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1016/j.ympev.2018.04.021](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ympev.2018.04.021). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [1055-7903](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1055-7903). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [29673694](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29673694).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** Freudenstein, John V.; Chase, Mark W. (2015). ["Phylogenetic relationships in Epidendroideae (Orchidaceae), one of the great flowering plant radiations: progressive specialization and diversification"](https://academic.oup.com/aob/article-pdf/115/4/665/17847871/mcu253.pdf) (PDF). *Annals of Botany*. **115** (4): 665–681. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1093/aob/mcu253](https://doi.org/10.1093%2Faob%2Fmcu253). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [4343289](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4343289). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [25578379](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25578379).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** Szlachetko, Dariusz L.; Tukałło, Piotr; Mytnik-Ejsmont, Joanna; Grochocka, Elżbieta (2013). ["Reclassification of the Angraecum-alliance (Orchidaceae, Vandoideae) based on molecular and morphological data"](https://web.archive.org/web/20240621011151/https://cyberleninka.org/article/n/702460.pdf) (PDF). *Biodiversity Research and Conservation*. **29**: 1. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.2478/biorc-2013-0004](https://doi.org/10.2478%2Fbiorc-2013-0004). Archived from [the original](https://cyberleninka.org/article/n/702460.pdf) (PDF) on 2024-06-21. Retrieved 2022-11-01.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** Carlsward, Barbara S.; Whitten, W. Mark; Williams, Norris H.; Bytebier, Benny (2006). ["Molecular phylogenetics of Vandeae (Orchidaceae) and the evolution of leaflessness"](https://bsapubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.3732/ajb.93.5.770). *American Journal of Botany*. **93** (5): 770–786. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.3732/ajb.93.5.770](https://doi.org/10.3732%2Fajb.93.5.770). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [21642140](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21642140).

- Cameron, Kenneth M.; Chase, Mark W.; Whitten, W. Mark; Kores, Paul J.; Jarrell, David C.; Albert, Victor A.; Yukawa, Tomohisa; Hills, Harold G.; Goldman, Douglas H. (1999). "A Phylogenetic Analysis of the Orchidaceae: Evidence from rbcL Nucleotide Sequences". *American Journal of Botany*. **86** (2): 208–224. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[1999AmJB...86..208C](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1999AmJB...86..208C). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.2307/2656938](https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2656938). [JSTOR](/source/JSTOR_(identifier)) [2656938](https://www.jstor.org/stable/2656938).

- Carlsward, Barbara S.; Whitten, W. Mark; Williams, Norris H.; Bytebier, Benny (2006). ["Molecular phylogenetics of Vandeae (Orchidaceae) and the evolution of leaflessness"](https://doi.org/10.3732%2Fajb.93.5.770). *American Journal of Botany*. **93** (5): 770–786. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.3732/ajb.93.5.770](https://doi.org/10.3732%2Fajb.93.5.770). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [21642140](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21642140).

Taxon identifiers Vandeae Wikidata: Q2537272 Wikispecies: Vandeae FNA: 20534 GRIN: 2742 IPNI: 330985-2 NCBI: 158397 Open Tree of Life: 595050 Tropicos: 50169895

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Vandeae](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vandeae) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vandeae?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.