# Vacuolization

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{{Short description|Formation of vacuoles within or adjacent to cells}}
thumb|270px|''Perinuclear vacuolization'' of epidermal keratinocytes (one indicated by arrows), in this case an insignificant incidental finding.
[[File:Ameloblastoma - high mag.jpg|alt=[Ameloblastoma](/source/Ameloblastoma); Islands of cells with palisaded [nuclei](/source/Cell_nucleus) that have reverse polarization|thumb|270x270px|''Subnuclear vacuolization'' in [palisading](/source/Palisade_(pathology)) cell - vacuoles at the [basement membrane](/source/basement_membrane) aspect, resembling a brighter stripe in the periphery of palisades.]]
'''Vacuolization''' is the formation of [vacuoles](/source/vacuoles) or vacuole-like structures, within or adjacent to cells. [Perinuclear](/source/Nuclear_envelope) vacuolization of [epidermal](/source/epidermis) [keratinocytes](/source/Keratinocyte) is most likely inconsequential when not observed  in combination with other pathologic findings. In [dermatopathology](/source/dermatopathology) "vacuolization" often refers specifically to vacuoles in the [basal cell-basement membrane](/source/Basement_membrane) zone area, where it is an unspecific sign of disease.<ref name="Kumar">Kumar, Vinay; Fausto, Nelso; Abbas, Abul (2004) ''Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease'' (7th ed.). Saunders. Page 1230. {{ISBN|0-7216-0187-1}}.</ref> It may be a sign of for example [vacuolar interface dermatitis](/source/vacuolar_interface_dermatitis), which in turn has many causes.

It is one of the components of [koilocytosis](/source/koilocytosis), which may be present in potentially pre-[cancerous cervical](/source/cervical_intraepithelial_neoplasia), [oral](/source/HPV-positive_oropharyngeal_cancer) and [anal](/source/anal_intraepithelial_neoplasia) lesions.<ref name="pmid18688031">{{cite journal |vauthors=Krawczyk E, Suprynowicz FA, Liu X, etal |title=Koilocytosis: a cooperative interaction between the human papillomavirus E5 and E6 oncoproteins |journal=Am. J. Pathol. |volume=173 |issue=3 |pages=682–8 |date=September 2008 |pmid=18688031 |doi=10.2353/ajpath.2008.080280 |pmc=2527066 }}</ref>

== See also ==
* [Skin lesion](/source/Skin_lesion)
* [Skin disease](/source/Skin_disease)
* [List of skin diseases](/source/List_of_skin_diseases)

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Clinical and histological nomenclature for skin lesions}}

Category:Dermatologic terminology

{{Dermatology-stub}}

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Vacuolization](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuolization) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuolization?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.