# Upper Pine Bottom State Park

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State park in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania, United States

Upper Pine Bottom State Park Interactive map of Upper Pine Bottom State Park Location Cummings Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania, United States Coordinates 41°19′08″N 77°25′15″W / 41.31885°N 77.42076°W / 41.31885; -77.42076[1] Area 5 acres (2.0 ha)[2] Elevation 932 feet (284 m) Established 1923 Administrator Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources Named for Upper Pine Bottom Run Website Official website Upper Pine Bottom State Park Upper Pine Bottom State Park Location in Pennsylvania Show map of Pennsylvania Upper Pine Bottom State Park Upper Pine Bottom State Park (the United States) Show map of the United States Pennsylvania State Parks

**Upper Pine Bottom State Park** is a 5-acre (2 ha) [Pennsylvania state park](/source/List_of_Pennsylvania_state_parks) in [Lycoming County, Pennsylvania](/source/Lycoming_County%2C_Pennsylvania), United States. The park is in [Cummings Township](/source/Cummings_Township%2C_Lycoming_County%2C_Pennsylvania) on [Pennsylvania Route 44](/source/Pennsylvania_Route_44) and is surrounded by the [Tiadaghton State Forest](/source/Tiadaghton_State_Forest). It is on Upper Pine Bottom Run, which gave the park its name and is a [tributary](/source/Tributary) of [Pine Creek](/source/Pine_Creek_(Pennsylvania)). Upper Pine Bottom State Park is in the [Pine Creek Gorge](/source/Pine_Creek_Gorge), where the streams have cut through five major rock formations from the [Devonian](/source/Devonian) and [Carboniferous](/source/Carboniferous) periods.

The earliest recorded inhabitants of the area were the [Susquehannocks](/source/Susquehannock), followed by the [Iroquois](/source/Iroquois), [Lenape](/source/Lenape), and [Shawnee](/source/Shawnee). Upper Pine Bottom Run was the site of a [furnace](/source/Metallurgical_furnace) for [pig iron](/source/Pig_iron) in 1814, the first [sawmill](/source/Sawmill) was built on it in 1815, and in 1825 an earlier bridle path across its headwaters became a [turnpike](/source/Toll_road). The lumber industry led to the [clearcutting](/source/Clearcutting) of the area in the 19th century. The state forest was started in 1898 and the park was formed from it by 1923 as a Class B public camp. The [Civilian Conservation Corps](/source/Civilian_Conservation_Corps) had a camp on the run and improved the park in the 1930s, but it was not transferred to the Bureau of State Parks until 1962. Though it began as a public campsite and once had a [picnic](/source/Picnic) pavilion, as of 2017[\[update\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Upper_Pine_Bottom_State_Park&action=edit) it is for day use only and its only facilities are a few picnic tables and a parking area.

Upper Pine Bottom State Park is one of the smallest state parks in Pennsylvania, and is maintained by staff from nearby [Little Pine State Park](/source/Little_Pine_State_Park). In addition to picnics, its chief use is as a parking area for local [hunters](/source/Hunting), [anglers](/source/Fishing), [hikers](/source/Hiking), [cross-country skiers](/source/Cross-country_skiing), [snowmobilers](/source/Snowmobile), and [all-terrain vehicle](/source/All-terrain_vehicle) riders. Upper Pine Bottom Run is state-approved and [stocked](/source/Fish_stocking) for [trout](/source/Trout) fishing in season. [Second-growth forest](/source/Second-growth_forest) now covers the region; the surrounding state forest and park are home to a variety of flora and fauna.

## History

### Native Americans

Humans have lived in what is now Pennsylvania since at least 10,000 BC. The first settlers were [Paleo-Indian](/source/Paleo-Indians) nomadic hunters known from their [stone tools](/source/Stone_tool).[3][4] The [hunter-gatherers](/source/Hunter-gatherer) of the [Archaic period](/source/Archaic_period_in_the_Americas), which lasted locally from 7000 to 1000 BC, used a greater variety of more sophisticated stone artifacts. The [Woodland period](/source/Woodland_period) marked the gradual transition to semi-permanent villages and [horticulture](/source/Horticulture), between 1000 BC and 1500 AD. Archeological evidence found in the state from this time includes a range of pottery types and styles, [burial mounds](/source/Tumulus), pipes, bows and arrows, and ornaments.[3]

Upper Pine Bottom State Park is in the [West Branch Susquehanna River](/source/West_Branch_Susquehanna_River) drainage basin, the earliest recorded inhabitants of which were the [Iroquoian](/source/Iroquoian_languages)-speaking [Susquehannocks](/source/Susquehannock). They were a [matriarchal](/source/Matriarchy) society that lived in [stockaded](/source/Stockade) villages of large [long houses](/source/Long_house).[4] Upper Pine Bottom Run is at the southern end of the [Pine Creek Gorge](/source/Pine_Creek_Gorge), and the mountains surrounding the gorge were "occasionally inhabited" by the Susquehannocks.[5] Their numbers were greatly reduced by disease and warfare with the Five Nations of the [Iroquois](/source/Iroquois), and by 1675 they had died out, moved away, or been [assimilated](/source/Cultural_assimilation) into other tribes.[4][6]

After this, the lands of the West Branch Susquehanna River valley were under the nominal control of the Iroquois. They lived in long houses, primarily in what is now [New York](/source/New_York_(state)), and had a strong [confederacy](/source/Confederation) which gave them power beyond their numbers.[4] The Iroquois and other tribes used the [Pine Creek Path](/source/Pine_Creek_Path) through the gorge, traveling between a path on the [Genesee River](/source/Genesee_River) in modern New York in the north, and the [Great Shamokin Path](/source/Great_Shamokin_Path) along the West Branch Susquehanna River in the south. The [Seneca](/source/Seneca_nation) tribe of the Iroquois believed that the Pine Creek Gorge was sacred land and never established a permanent settlement there,[7] though they did use the path through the gorge and had seasonal hunting camps along it.[8]

To fill the void left by the demise of the Susquehannocks, the Iroquois encouraged displaced tribes from the east to settle in the West Branch watershed, including the [Shawnee](/source/Shawnee) and [Lenape](/source/Lenape) (or Delaware).[4][6] The valleys of Pine Creek and its tributaries in Cummings Township were used by the Iroquois and [Algonkian](/source/Algonquian_languages) tribes as a [hunting](/source/Hunting) ground. Historians believe that there may have been a Shawnee village and burial ground just to the north of [Little Pine State Park](/source/Little_Pine_State_Park) on Little Pine Creek, just a few miles from what became Upper Pine Bottom State Park.[9]

The [French and Indian War](/source/French_and_Indian_War) (1754–1763) led to the migration of many Native Americans westward to the [Ohio River](/source/Ohio_River) basin.[4] In October 1784, the United States acquired a large tract of land, including what is now Upper Pine Bottom State Park, from the Iroquois in the [Second Treaty of Fort Stanwix](/source/Treaty_of_Fort_Stanwix_(1784)) (this acquisition is known in Pennsylvania as the [Last Purchase](/source/History_of_Pennsylvania#Westward_expansion)).[6] In the years that followed, Native Americans almost entirely left Pennsylvania;[4] however some isolated bands of natives remained in the Pine Creek Gorge until the [War of 1812](/source/War_of_1812).[10]

### Lumber and turnpike

The land that became Cummings Township was first settled by [European Americans](/source/European_American) in 1784. Lycoming County was formed from a part of [Northumberland County](/source/Northumberland_County%2C_Pennsylvania) on April 13, 1795.[11] Upper Pine Bottom Run was originally "famed for the wonderful white pine forest that clothed all the bottomlands",[12] and the region was covered with [eastern white pine](/source/Eastern_white_pine) and [eastern hemlock](/source/Tsuga_canadensis) trees, which lumbermen harvested.[9][13] To accommodate larger-scale [lumber](/source/Lumber) operations and the large quantities of pine logs which these floated downstream to the [West Branch Susquehanna River](/source/West_Branch_Susquehanna_River), the [Pennsylvania General Assembly](/source/Pennsylvania_General_Assembly) declared [Pine Creek](/source/Pine_Creek_(Pennsylvania)) a public highway on March 16, 1798.[5]

A log raft on Pine Creek

The area surrounding Upper Pine Bottom State Park has been a wilderness for much of its history. In 1806–1807 a [bridle path](/source/Bridle_path) was cut through the woods just west of the source of Upper Pine Bottom Run as part of a 72-mile (116 km) path between [Jersey Shore](/source/Jersey_Shore%2C_Pennsylvania) (to the south, at the mouth of Pine Creek) and [Coudersport](/source/Coudersport%2C_Pennsylvania) (to the northwest, on the [Allegheny River](/source/Allegheny_River) in [Potter County](/source/Potter_County%2C_Pennsylvania)). The bridle path was widened to a road to accommodate wagons in 1812.[14]

The new road soon brought industry to the region. The discovery of [iron ore](/source/Iron_ore) along the road led seven men to form a company to manufacture iron. In 1814 they built a [furnace](/source/Metallurgical_furnace) to produce [pig iron](/source/Pig_iron) on Upper Pine Bottom Run. It took one to two days to haul the ore to the furnace, and other supplies had to be transported 15 miles (24 km) to the furnace on steep mountain roads. These costs were too high, and the furnace lost almost $7,000 (approximately $141,000 in 2025) before closing in 1817. The ruins of the iron furnace were visible through much of the 19th century.[13][15]

The first two [sawmills](/source/Sawmill) were built on Upper Pine Bottom Run in 1815 and 1817.[13] In 1817, Michael and Henry Wolf also arrived in the area from [Berks County](/source/Berks_County%2C_Pennsylvania) and built a sawmill near the mouth of Little Pine Creek,[13] which is 1.8 miles (2.9 km) downstream Pine Creek from the mouth of Upper Pine Bottom Run.[16] The Wolfs' sawmill and the land they cleared for farming helped establish the [unincorporated](/source/Unincorporated_area#United_States) village of [Waterville](/source/Waterville%2C_Pennsylvania), which became the most significant population center in Cummings Township, and is about 2.5 miles (4.0 km) southeast of Upper Pine Bottom State Park.[12][13]

[Pennsylvania Route 44](/source/Pennsylvania_Route_44) passes through the park, and was the scene of a wildfire in 1894.

The Jersey Shore and Coudersport [Turnpike](/source/Toll_road) was built along the former bridle path between 1825 and 1834. The turnpike, which operated until 1860, had [toll booths](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/toll_booth) every 5 miles (8 km) and charged a horse-drawn wagon $1.68 to travel the entire road.[14] A post office was established in nearby Waterville in 1849; early businesses there included two stores and a hotel, which still stands.[13] [Pennsylvania Route 44](/source/Pennsylvania_Route_44), which passes through the park, still follows the course of the former path and turnpike between Haneyville (at the western end of Upper Pine Bottom Run) and Coudersport (to the north).[14][\[a\]](#endnote_Anone)

Economic development and increased settlement led the Pennsylvania General Assembly to establish Cummings Township in 1832 from land taken from parts of [Mifflin](/source/Mifflin_Township%2C_Lycoming_County%2C_Pennsylvania) and [Brown Townships](/source/Brown_Township%2C_Lycoming_County%2C_Pennsylvania). The new township was named for John Cummings, who was an associate judge in the local court system at the time. Early industry in the township included lumber and quarries for [flag](/source/Flagstone) and building stone.[13] In 1839 [Clinton County](/source/Clinton_County%2C_Pennsylvania) was formed from the western part of Lycoming County,[17] with much of the eastern border of the new county formed by the turnpike.[18]

In 1851 the [Susquehanna Boom](/source/Susquehanna_Boom) opened on the West Branch Susquehanna River at Williamsport. The [log boom](/source/Log_boom), a series of artificial islands with chains between them to catch logs, led to an expansion of the lumber industry and to Williamsport's nickname, "Lumber Capital of the World".[19] In 1852, the 3 miles (4.8 km) of Upper Pine Bottom Run upstream of the mouth were made a public highway by the state legislature,[20] and by 1888 the West Branch Lumber Company owned the headwaters of Upper Pine Bottom Run.[21]

The lumber era did not last; the [old-growth forests](/source/Old-growth_forest) were clearcut by the early 20th century and the Pine Creek Gorge was stripped bare. Nothing was left except the discarded, dried-out tree tops, which became a fire hazard, so much of the land burned and was left barren.[22] In the spring of 1894 a fire burned in what is now Tiadaghton State Forest along Route 44 to near Haneyville. In the summer of 1908 the area around the park burned again, in a fire that stretched from [Galeton](/source/Galeton%2C_Pennsylvania) to Jersey Shore.[23] The soil was depleted of nutrients, fires baked the ground hard, and jungles of blueberries, blackberries, and mountain laurel covered the clearcut land, which became known as the "Pennsylvania Desert". Disastrous floods swept the area periodically and much of the wildlife was wiped out.[24]

### State forest and park

The only remnant of the former picnic pavilion is this stone foundation.

As the timber was exhausted and the land burned, many companies simply abandoned their holdings.[24] Conservationists like [Joseph Rothrock](/source/Joseph_Rothrock) became concerned that the forests would not regrow if they were not [managed](/source/Forest_management) properly. They called for the state to purchase land from the lumber companies and for a change in the philosophy of forest management. In 1895 Rothrock was appointed the first commissioner of the Pennsylvania Department of Forests and Waters, the forerunner of today's [Department of Conservation and Natural Resources](/source/Pennsylvania_Department_of_Conservation_and_Natural_Resources). In 1897 the Pennsylvania General Assembly passed legislation which authorized the purchase of "unseated lands for forest reservations" and the first [Pennsylvania state forest lands](/source/List_of_Pennsylvania_state_forests) were acquired the following year.[25]

On July 13, 1898, the state bought a 409-acre (166 ha) tract of land in Cummings Township for $72.99 ($2825 in 2025 terms).[15] This was the first purchase for what became Tiadaghton State Forest, which surrounds Upper Pine Bottom State Park.[23] Most of the major purchases for it were made between 1900 and 1935. As of 2017[\[update\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Upper_Pine_Bottom_State_Park&action=edit), the Tiadaghton State Forest covered 146,539 acres (59,302 ha), chiefly in Lycoming County with small tracts in [Clinton](/source/Clinton_County%2C_Pennsylvania), [Potter](/source/Potter_County%2C_Pennsylvania), [Tioga](/source/Tioga_County%2C_Pennsylvania), and [Union](/source/Union_County%2C_Pennsylvania) Counties. The largest section of the state forest covers 105,000 acres (42,000 ha) in the Pine Creek valley (and encircles the park).[26][27]

Upper Pine Bottom State Park traces its existence to the early 1920s, when the Pennsylvania Department of Forestry built 31 campsites on state forest land between 1921 and 1925. The park was established by 1923 as "Upper Pine Bottom Class B Public Camp",[28] and named for the stream that flows through it. Class B camps were on secondary highways and were "used primarily by hikers, hunters, fishermen, vacationists, and picknickers who desire to go far into the woods and make their stay comfortable".[12] Each Class B camp had a lean-to shelter for camping, potable water, picnic tables, a fireplace, garbage can, and a latrine. There was no charge to use any of the camps, but stays were limited to two consecutive nights.[29]

Picnic table and Upper Pine Bottom Run at Upper Pine Bottom State Park

During the [Great Depression](/source/Great_Depression), the [Civilian Conservation Corps](/source/Civilian_Conservation_Corps) (CCC) set up nine camps in Tiadaghton State Forest. The camps included two near Upper Pine Bottom State Park: CCC Camp S-82-Pa (Waterville, also known as Haneyville) was on Upper Pine Bottom Run about 2.5 miles (4.0 km) west of the park and operated from May 1933 to 1941;[30] CCC Camp S-129-Pa (Little Pine) was at the site of nearby Little Pine State Park and operated from 1933 to 1937.[31][32] The CCC planted large numbers of trees in the state forest, did work in the park, and built a pavilion at the site in 1936.[33] Although the roof of a structure was still visible in the park in a 1959 aerial photo,[34][\[b\]](#endnote_Bnone) by 2017 there were no pavilions or other buildings in the park.[1] The United States' entry into the [Second World War](/source/World_War_II) in 1941 led to the end of the CCC, and all its camps were closed by the summer of 1942.[35]

In 1950 the park was known as "Upper Pine Bottom State Forest Picnic Area" and was mentioned in a *[New York Times](/source/The_New_York_Times)* article on the Pine Creek Gorge.[36] On November 11, 1954, the Pennsylvania Geographic Board made the picnic area name official.[29] The Pennsylvania Bureau of Forestry's Division of State Parks became the Bureau of State Parks in 1962 and Upper Pine Bottom (and all state parks and picnic areas) were transferred to it from Forestry that year.[23] In 1972, Upper Pine Bottom was one of 10 state forest picnic areas kept by the Bureau of State Parks (35 were transferred to the Bureau of Forestry), and Forrey's 1984 *History of Pennsylvania's State Parks* referred to it as a state forest picnic area.[29] The [Pennsylvania Department of Transportation](/source/Pennsylvania_Department_of_Transportation) (Penn DOT) 1993 map still called it a picnic area,[37] but Cupper's 1993 *Our Priceless Heritage: Pennsylvania's State Parks 1893–1993* called it a state park,[33] as did the Penn DOT 2002 map.[38]

As of 2017[\[update\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Upper_Pine_Bottom_State_Park&action=edit) Upper Pine Bottom State Park is a roadside park for day use only, with a small parking lot and a few picnic tables. In addition to picnics, its chief use is as a parking area for local hunters, [anglers](/source/Fishing), [hikers](/source/Hiking), [cross country skiers](/source/Cross-country_skiing), and [snowmobilers](/source/Snowmobile). Staff from nearby Little Pine State Park maintain Upper Pine Bottom,[1] and it is one of the smallest state parks in Pennsylvania. [Prouty Place State Park](/source/Prouty_Place_State_Park), a picnic area to the northwest in Potter County, is also 5 acres (2.0 ha). Only [Sand Bridge State Park](/source/Sand_Bridge_State_Park), another picnic area to the south in Union County, is smaller, at 3 acres (1.2 ha).[39]

## Geology and climate

See also: [Climate of Pennsylvania](/source/Climate_of_Pennsylvania)

Although the rock formations exposed in Upper Pine Bottom State Park and the Pine Creek Gorge are at least 300 million years old, the gorge itself formed about 20,000 years ago, in the [last ice age](/source/Last_glacial_period). Pine Creek had flowed northeasterly until then, but was dammed by rocks, soil, ice, and other debris deposited by the receding [Laurentide Continental Glacier](/source/Laurentide_Ice_Sheet). The dammed creek formed a lake near what would later be the village of Ansonia in [Shippen Township](/source/Shippen_Township%2C_Tioga_County%2C_Pennsylvania) in Tioga County, and the lake's glacial meltwater overflowed the [debris dam](/source/Landslide_dam), reversing the flow of Pine Creek. The creek flooded to the south and quickly carved a deep channel on its way to the West Branch Susquehanna River.[40][41]

The land on which Upper Pine Bottom State Park sits was part of the coastline of a shallow sea that covered a great portion of what is now North America about 300 million years ago, in the [Pennsylvanian subperiod](/source/Pennsylvanian_(geology)). The high mountains to the east of the sea gradually eroded, causing a buildup of [sediment](/source/Sediment) made up primarily of [clay](/source/Clay), [sand](/source/Sand) and [gravel](/source/Gravel). Tremendous pressure on the sediment caused the formation of the rocks that are found today in the Pine Creek drainage basin: [sandstone](/source/Sandstone), [shale](/source/Shale), [conglomerates](/source/Conglomerate_(geology)), [limestone](/source/Limestone), and [coal](/source/Coal).[41][42]

Erosion of the dissected Allegheny Plateau by Upper Pine Bottom Run is visible in this 1959 aerial view. PA 44 follows the run, and the outline of the park is red.

The park is at an elevation of 932 feet (284 m) on the [Allegheny Plateau](/source/Allegheny_Plateau), which formed in the [Alleghenian orogeny](/source/Alleghenian_orogeny) some 300 million years ago, when the part of [Gondwana](/source/Gondwana) that became Africa collided with what became North America, forming [Pangaea](/source/Pangaea).[43][44] Although the gorge and its surroundings seem to be mountainous, the area is a [dissected plateau](/source/Dissected_plateau). Years of [erosion](/source/Erosion) have cut away the soft rocks, forming the valleys, and left the hardest of the ancient rocks relatively untouched on the top of sharp ridges, giving them the appearance of "mountains".[41]

Five major rock formations from the [Devonian](/source/Devonian) and [Carboniferous](/source/Carboniferous) periods are present in Upper Pine Bottom State Park and Cummings Township. The youngest of these, which forms the highest points in the township, is the [Pottsville Formation](/source/Pottsville_Formation), a gray conglomerate dating to the early [Pennsylvanian](/source/Pennsylvanian_(geology)) that may contain sandstone, [siltstone](/source/Siltstone), and shale, as well as [anthracite](/source/Anthracite) coal. Low-sulfur coal was once mined at three locations within the Pine Creek watershed, and there is a coal deposit between the headwaters of Upper Pine Bottom and Lower Pine Bottom Runs. Below this is the [Mauch Chunk Formation](/source/Mauch_Chunk_Formation), from the late [Mississippian](/source/Mississippian_age), which is formed with grayish-red shale, siltstone, sandstone, and conglomerate.[21][41][45][46]

Next below these is the Mississippian [Burgoon Sandstone](/source/Pocono_Formation), which is buff-colored with shale, coal, and conglomerate inclusions. Below this is the late [Devonian](/source/Devonian) and early Mississippian [Huntley Mountain Formation](/source/Huntley_Mountain_Formation), which is made of relatively soft grayish-red shale and olive-gray sandstone. The lowest and oldest layer is the red shale and siltstone of the [Catskill Formation](/source/Catskill_Formation), some 375 million years old. This layer is relatively soft and easily eroded, which helped to form the Pine Creek Gorge. The source of Upper Pine Bottom Run is on Mauch Chunk rock, and the stream cuts deeper as it flows east to Pine Creek. In the park Upper Pine Bottom Run has cut through layers of Burgoon sandstone and Huntley Mountain rock, and downstream of the park to its mouth the deepest parts of the valleys are made of the Catskill Formation.[41][43][45][46][47]

The Allegheny Plateau has a [continental climate](/source/Continental_climate), with occasional severe low temperatures in winter and average daily temperature ranges (difference between the daily high and low) of 20 °F (11 °C) in winter and 26 °F (14 °C) in summer.[48] The mean annual [precipitation](/source/Precipitation_(meteorology)) for the Pine Creek watershed is 36 to 42 inches (914 to 1,070 mm).[42] January is the coldest month at Upper Pine Bottom State Park, July the warmest, and June the wettest. The highest recorded temperature at the park was 104 °F (40 °C) in 1988, and the record low was −19 °F (−28 °C) in 1982.[49]

Climate data for Upper Pine Bottom State Park Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 35 (2) 39 (4) 48 (9) 62 (17) 72 (22) 80 (27) 84 (29) 83 (28) 75 (24) 63 (17) 51 (11) 39 (4) 61 (16) Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 18 (−8) 20 (−7) 27 (−3) 36 (2) 47 (8) 56 (13) 60 (16) 59 (15) 52 (11) 40 (4) 32 (0) 24 (−4) 39 (4) Average precipitation inches (mm) 2.47 (63) 2.31 (59) 3.11 (79) 3.27 (83) 3.69 (94) 4.47 (114) 3.95 (100) 4.20 (107) 3.96 (101) 3.34 (85) 3.41 (87) 2.74 (70) 40.92 (1,042) Source: The Weather Channel[49]

## Ecology

Upper Pine Bottom Run in the park in summer

Descriptions from early explorers and settlers give an idea of what the Pine Creek Gorge was like before it was clearcut. The forest was up to 85 percent hemlock and white pine; hardwoods made up the rest.[50] The Pine Creek watershed, which Upper Pine Bottom Run is part of, was home to large predators such as [wolves](/source/Gray_wolf), [lynx](/source/Canadian_lynx), [wolverines](/source/Wolverine), [panthers](/source/Cougar), [fishers](/source/Fisher_(animal)), [bobcats](/source/Bobcat) and [foxes](/source/Vulpes); all except the last three are locally extinct. The area had herds of [American bison](/source/American_bison), [elk](/source/Elk) and [white-tailed deer](/source/White-tailed_deer), and large numbers of [black bears](/source/American_black_bear), [river otters](/source/Northern_river_otter), and [beavers](/source/American_beaver). [Rattlesnakes](/source/Rattlesnake) and insects plagued early explorers and settlers in the region.[5]

The virgin forests cooled the land and streams, and centuries of accumulated organic matter in the forest soil caused slow percolation of rainfall into the creeks and runs so that they flowed more evenly year-round.[50][51] Pine Creek and its tributaries were home to large numbers of fish, including trout, but dams downstream on the [Susquehanna River](/source/Susquehanna_River) have eliminated the [shad](/source/Shad) and [eels](/source/Eel) once found here by blocking their [migrations](/source/Fish_migration).[5] Habitat for land animals was destroyed by the clearcutting of forests, but there was also a great deal of hunting, with bounties paid for large predators.[5]

Upper Pine Bottom Run's virgin white pines were all clearcut, but in 1925 the Department of Forests and Waters reported "thrifty young growth has now taken in its place".[12] In the 1920s [chestnut blight](/source/Chestnut_blight) killed almost all the [American chestnut](/source/American_chestnut) trees in the Tiadaghton State Forest, and oak trees suffered from [oak leaf tier moths](/source/Croesia_semipurpurana) in the 1950s and [oak leaf roller moths](/source/Archips_semiferanus) in 1967. [Gypsy moths](/source/Gypsy_moth) defoliated the state forest between 1978 and 1982.[23] The surrounding state forest is "dominated by mixed oak forests", along with hardwoods such as [ash](/source/Fraxinus), [beech](/source/Beech), [birch](/source/Birch), [cherry](/source/Prunus_serotina), and [maple](/source/Maple),[26] as well as hemlock and pine.[52] The Pine Creek Gorge is home to over 225 species of wildflowers, plants and trees, 40 species of mammals, 245 species of birds, and 26 species of fish. Common animals include deer, squirrels, bear, eagles, [wild turkey](/source/Wild_turkey), and ravens.[53]

## Recreation

Autumnal view of Upper Pine Bottom Run in the park; it is state-approved and stocked for trout fishing in season.

As of 2017[\[update\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Upper_Pine_Bottom_State_Park&action=edit) recreational opportunities within the 5-acre (2.0 ha) Upper Pine Bottom State Park were limited to picknicking and fishing.[1] Although the park was established in the early 1920s as a campground with a latrine,[12] the park today has no campsites or sanitary facilities.[39] Upper Pine Bottom Run was listed in a guide for [trout](/source/Trout) and [bass fishing](/source/Bass_fishing) in 1885,[54] and in 1925 the Department of Forests and Waters said there was good fishing and hunting in the camp. Brown trout over 20 inches (51 cm) long were reported in the stream in 1994.[52] All of Upper Pine Bottom Run has been designated as approved trout waters by the [Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission](/source/Pennsylvania_Fish_and_Boat_Commission), which means that it is [stocked](/source/Fish_stocking) with trout and may be fished during trout season.[55]

Upper Pine Bottom State Park also serves as a parking area and access point for the surrounding state forest, where recreational opportunities include hiking and hunting. The most common game animals are black bear, [ruffed grouse](/source/Ruffed_grouse), white-tailed deer, and wild turkey. The state forest trails are also open to mountain biking and horseback riding, and in winter are used for cross-country skiing and snowmobiling.[1][26] Just north of the park is the 19-mile (31 km) Haneyville ATV Trail system for [all-terrain vehicles](/source/All-terrain_vehicle). The parking area for the trail is on PA 44 at the site of the former CCC camp S-82-Pa, and the history of the stream is reflected in the names of three of the trails in the system: Furnace Trail (for the iron furnace), CCC Trail, and Plantation Loop (for the plantations of trees planted by the CCC).[56]

Panoramic view of the park from the parking area

## Notes

- **a.** [**^**](#ref_Anone) Morey and Harrison's *History of Cherry Springs State Park* says of the bridle path that became the Jersey Shore–Coudersport Turnpike: "It is interesting to note that the present-day Pennsylvania Route 44 follows the historic path with very few exceptions", but the history does not explicitly mention Upper Pine Bottom State Park.[14] However, the official map of the Tiadaghton State Forest clearly shows the road south of Haneyville along the border between Lycoming and Clinton counties as "Old Coudersport Pike" (and not the road along Upper Pine Bottom Run).[26]

- **b.** [**^**](#ref_Bnone) For a detailed view showing the roof of the structure, see [this image](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Upper_Pine_Bottom_Run_Aerial_detail.JPG).

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-dcnr_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-dcnr_1-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-dcnr_1-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-dcnr_1-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-dcnr_1-4) ["Upper Pine Bottom Run State Park"](https://www.pa.gov/agencies/dcnr/recreation/where-to-go/state-parks/find-a-park/upper-pine-bottom-state-park). Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Retrieved January 22, 2026.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-forrey2_2-0)** Forrey, William C. (2017). ["History of Pennsylvania's State Parks 1984 to 2015"](https://paconservationheritage.org/wp-content/uploads/2015-history-of-state-parks-forrey.pdf) (PDF). Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. p. 73. Retrieved January 22, 2026.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-prehistory_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-prehistory_3-1) Kent, Barry C.; Smith III, Ira F.; McCann, Catherine, eds. (1971). *Foundations of Pennsylvania Prehistory*. Anthropological Series of the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. Vol. 1. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, The Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. pp. 4, 7–11, 85–96, 195–201. [OCLC](/source/OCLC_(identifier)) [2696039](https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/2696039).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-indians_4-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-indians_4-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-indians_4-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-indians_4-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-indians_4-4) [***f***](#cite_ref-indians_4-5) [***g***](#cite_ref-indians_4-6) Wallace, Paul A. W. (2000) [1961]. *Indians in Pennsylvania*. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, The Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. pp. 4–12, 84–89, 99–105, 145–148, 157–164. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-89271-017-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89271-017-1). *Note*: For a general overview of Native American History in the West Branch Susquehanna watershed, see Meginness, John Franklin (1892). ["Chapter I. Aboriginal Occupation."](https://www.usgennet.org/usa/pa/county/lycoming/history/Chapter-01.html). [*History of Lycoming County, Pennsylvania: including its aboriginal history; the colonial and revolutionary periods; early settlement and subsequent growth; organization and civil administration; the legal and medical professions; internal improvement; past and present history of Williamsport; manufacturing and lumber interests; religious, educational, and social development; geology and agriculture; military record; sketches of boroughs, townships, and villages; portraits and biographies of pioneers and representative citizens, etc. etc*](https://www.usgennet.org/usa/pa/county/lycoming/history/lyco-history-01.html) (1st ed.). Chicago, IL: Brown, Runk & Co. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-7884-0428-8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7884-0428-8). Retrieved June 8, 2009. {{[cite book](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_book)}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility ([help](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#invalid_isbn_date)) Retrieved on June 16, 2017. *Note:* ISBN refers to the Heritage Books July 1996 reprint. URL is to a scan of the 1892 version with some [OCR](/source/Optical_character_recognition) typos.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-seasons_ltw_5-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-seasons_ltw_5-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-seasons_ltw_5-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-seasons_ltw_5-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-seasons_ltw_5-4) Owlett, Steven E. (1993). "The Land That Was". *Seasons Along The Tiadaghton: An Environmental History of the Pine Creek Gorge* (1st ed.). Petaluma, California: Interprint. pp. 39, 40, 43, 46, 49, 50. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-9635905-0-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9635905-0-2).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-donehoo_6-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-donehoo_6-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-donehoo_6-2) Donehoo, Dr. George P. (1999) [1928]. *A History of the Indian Villages and Place Names in Pennsylvania* (Second Reprint ed.). [Lewisburg, Pennsylvania](/source/Lewisburg%2C_Pennsylvania): Wennawoods Publishing. pp. 154–155, 215–219. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [1-889037-11-7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-889037-11-7). *Note*: ISBN refers to a 1999 reprint edition.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-spotlight1_7-0)** Morey, Tim (2004). ["Park Spotlight: Leonard Harrison and Colton Point state parks"](https://web.archive.org/web/20120910112726/http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/news/resource/res2005/05-0315-leonardharrisonsp.aspx). Resource: The Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from [the original](http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/news/resource/res2005/05-0315-leonardharrisonsp.aspx) on September 10, 2012. Retrieved June 16, 2017.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-path_8-0)** Wallace, Paul A. W. (1987). *Indian Paths of Pennsylvania* (Fourth Printing ed.). [Harrisburg, Pennsylvania](/source/Harrisburg%2C_Pennsylvania): Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. pp. 66–72, 130–132. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-89271-090-X](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89271-090-X). *Note:* ISBN refers to 1998 impression

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-lpsp_9-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-lpsp_9-1) ["Little Pine State Park"](https://web.archive.org/web/20111106063239/http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/stateparks/findapark/littlepine/index.htm). Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from [the original](http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/stateparks/findapark/littlepine/index.htm) on November 6, 2011. Retrieved June 16, 2017.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-sexton_10-0)** Sexton Jr., John L. (1883). "Shippen Township". [*History of Tioga County, Pennsylvania with Illustrations, Portraits and Sketches*](http://www.joycetice.com/1883/shippent.htm). New York, New York: W. W. Munsell & Co. pp. 313–326. Retrieved June 16, 2017.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** ["Lycoming County 5th class"](https://www.phmc.state.pa.us/bah/dam/counties/pdfs/Lycoming.pdf) (PDF). [Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission](/source/Pennsylvania_Historical_and_Museum_Commission). Retrieved June 16, 2017.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-in_penns_woods_12-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-in_penns_woods_12-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-in_penns_woods_12-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-in_penns_woods_12-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-in_penns_woods_12-4) Illick, Joseph Simon; Shoemaker, Henry Wharton (April 1925). [*In Penn's Woods: A Handy and Helpful Pocket Manual of the Natural Wonders and Recreational Facilities of the State Forests of Pennsylvania*](https://books.google.com/books?id=zm8mAQAAMAAJ&q=upper+pine+bottom&pg=RA4-PA34). Bulletin 31 (revised). Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania Department of Forests and Waters. pp. 34, 35. Retrieved June 15, 2017.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-meginness_13-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-meginness_13-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-meginness_13-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-meginness_13-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-meginness_13-4) [***f***](#cite_ref-meginness_13-5) [***g***](#cite_ref-meginness_13-6) Meginness, John Franklin (1892). ["Chapter XLVI. Brown, Cummings, Pine, and McHenry."](https://www.usgennet.org/usa/pa/county/lycoming/history/Chapter-46.html). [*History of Lycoming County, Pennsylvania ...*](https://www.usgennet.org/usa/pa/county/lycoming/history/lyco-history-01.html) (1st ed.). Chicago, IL: Brown, Runk & Co. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-7884-0428-8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7884-0428-8). Retrieved June 16, 2017. (*Note:* ISBN refers to Heritage Books July 1996 reprint. URL is to a scan of the 1892 version with some [OCR](/source/Optical_character_recognition) typos). {{[cite book](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_book)}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility ([help](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#invalid_isbn_date))

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-pike_14-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-pike_14-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-pike_14-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-pike_14-3) Morey, Tim; Harrison, Maxine (2002). ["Cherry Springs State Park: Hidden Resource in the Dark (part of the "Emerald Gems" series)"](https://web.archive.org/web/20210126091804/http://www.kwastronomy.com/History_of_Cherry_Springs_Park.htm). *Pennsylvania Recreation & Parks*. **33** (2). [State College, Pennsylvania](/source/State_College%2C_Pennsylvania): Pennsylvania Recreation and Park Society. [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0742-793X](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0742-793X). Archived from [the original](http://www.kwastronomy.com/History_of_Cherry_Springs_Park.htm) on January 26, 2021. Retrieved June 16, 2017. *Note*: URL is to an authorized reprint of the article as "History of Cherry Springs State Park" on Kevin Wigell's Astronomy Page

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-inflation-US_15-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-inflation-US_15-1) 1634–1699: [McCusker, J. J.](/source/John_J._McCusker) (1997). [*How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda*](https://www.americanantiquarian.org/proceedings/44525121.pdf) (PDF). [American Antiquarian Society](/source/American_Antiquarian_Society). 1700–1799: [McCusker, J. J.](/source/John_J._McCusker) (1992). [*How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States*](https://www.americanantiquarian.org/proceedings/44517778.pdf) (PDF). [American Antiquarian Society](/source/American_Antiquarian_Society). 1800–present: Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. ["Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–"](https://www.minneapolisfed.org/about-us/monetary-policy/inflation-calculator/consumer-price-index-1800-). Retrieved February 29, 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-river_miles_16-0)** Bureau of Watershed Management, Division of Water Use Planning, Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (2001). [*Pennsylvania Gazetteer of Streams*](https://web.archive.org/web/20150917160158/http://www.lycoming.edu/cwi/pdfs/paGazetterOfStreams.pdf) (PDF). Prepared in Cooperation with the United States Department of the Interior Geological Survey. Archived from [the original](http://www.lycoming.edu/cwi/pdfs/paGazetterOfStreams.pdf) (PDF) on September 17, 2015. Retrieved June 16, 2017.{{[cite book](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_book)}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ([link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list))

1. **[^](#cite_ref-clinton_17-0)** ["Clinton County 7th class"](https://www.phmc.state.pa.us/bah/dam/counties/pdfs/Clinton.pdf) (PDF). Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. Retrieved June 16, 2017.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-18)** Maynard, D. S. (1875). ["Chapter XXVIII Gallauher Township"](https://web.archive.org/web/20050327112831/http://www.kcnet.org/~history/Gallauher.html). *Historical view of Clinton County: from its earliest settlement to the present time: comprising a complete sketch and topographical description of each township in the county*. Lock Haven, Pennsylvania: Enterprise Printing House. Archived from [the original](http://www.kcnet.org/~history/Gallauher.html) on March 27, 2005. Retrieved June 16, 2017.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-taber_19-0)** Taber III, Thomas T. (1995). "Chapter Two: The Boom — Making It All Possible". *Williamsport Lumber Capital* (1st ed.). [Montoursville, Pennsylvania](/source/Montoursville%2C_Pennsylvania): Paulhamus Litho, Inc. p. 88. [OCLC](/source/OCLC_(identifier)) [35920715](https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/35920715).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-20)** [*Laws of the General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Passed at the Session of 1852, in the Seventy-sixth Year of Independence. With an Appendix*](https://books.google.com/books?id=uvkqAAAAIAAJ&q=%22Upper+Pine+Bottom+Run%22&pg=PA789). Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Theo. Fenn & Company, Printers to the State. 1852. p. 716. Retrieved June 16, 2017.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-coal_21-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-coal_21-1) Meginness, John Franklin (1892). ["Chapter XXV. Geology and Agriculture."](https://www.usgennet.org/usa/pa/county/lycoming/history/Chapter-25.html). [*History of Lycoming County, Pennsylvania ...*](https://www.usgennet.org/usa/pa/county/lycoming/history/lyco-history-01.html) (1st ed.). Chicago, IL: Brown, Runk & Co. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-7884-0428-8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7884-0428-8). Retrieved June 14, 2017. (*Note:* ISBN refers to Heritage Books July 1996 reprint. URL is to a scan of the 1892 version with some [OCR](/source/Optical_character_recognition) typos). {{[cite book](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_book)}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility ([help](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#invalid_isbn_date))

1. **[^](#cite_ref-timber_22-0)** ["The Pennsylvania Lumber Museum – History"](https://www.lumbermuseum.org/history.html). Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. Retrieved July 22, 2008.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-crown_jewel_23-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-crown_jewel_23-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-crown_jewel_23-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-crown_jewel_23-3) Thorpe, R.R. (1997). *The Crown Jewel of Pennsylvania: The State Forest System*. Pennsylvania Forestry Association, Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources and the U.S. Forest Service. pp. 68–70. [OCLC](/source/OCLC_(identifier)) [37033507](https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/37033507).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-seasons_doaf_24-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-seasons_doaf_24-1) Owlett, Steven E. (1993). "The Death of a Forest". *Seasons Along The Tiadaghton: An Environmental History of the Pine Creek Gorge* (1st ed.). Petaluma, California: Interprint. pp. 53–62. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-9635905-0-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9635905-0-2).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-vfsfhistory_25-0)** ["History of the William Penn State Forest"](https://web.archive.org/web/20090616130010/http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/forestry/stateforests/valleyforgehistory.aspx). Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from [the original](http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/forestry/stateforests/valleyforgehistory.aspx) on June 16, 2009. Retrieved September 14, 2009.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-tiadaghton_map_26-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-tiadaghton_map_26-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-tiadaghton_map_26-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-tiadaghton_map_26-3) [*A Public Use Map for Tiadaghton State Forest*](http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/cs/groups/public/documents/document/dcnr_20032740.pdf) (PDF) (Map). Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Bureau of Forestry. Retrieved June 14, 2017.[*[dead link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot)*] *Note*: The print version is a map on one side, with a guide to the state forest and its resources on the other side

1. **[^](#cite_ref-27)** ["Tiadaghton State Forest"](https://web.archive.org/web/20150326103724/http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/forestry/stateforests/tiadaghton/). Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Bureau of Forestry. Archived from [the original](http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/forestry/stateforests/tiadaghton/) on March 26, 2015. Retrieved June 14, 2017.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-28)** [*In Penn's Woods: Handbook of Pennsylvania State Forests Giving Locations, Descriptions, and Historical Information of State Forest Monuments, State Forest Parks, Public Camp Grounds and Recreation Centers on State Forest Lands*](https://books.google.com/books?id=zm8mAQAAMAAJ&q=upper+pine+bottom&pg=RA4-PA34). Bulletin 31. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Office of Information, Pennsylvania Department of Forestry. May 1923. p. 12. Retrieved June 15, 2017. *Note:* While this is the earliest reference to Upper Pine Bottom Public Camp in the Bulletin of the Pennsylvania Department of Forestry, the first public camps on state forest land were established in 1921.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-forrey_29-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-forrey_29-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-forrey_29-2) Forrey, William C. (1984). *History of Pennsylvania's State Parks*. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Bureau of State Parks, Office of Resources Management, Department of Environmental Resources, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. pp. 13–16, 90, 91, 97. [OCLC](/source/OCLC_(identifier)) [17824084](https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/17824084).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-30)** ["Pennsylvania CCC Archive Camp Information for S-82-Pa"](http://www.apps.dcnr.state.pa.us/stateparks/ccc/Camp.aspx?ID=108). Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Retrieved June 16, 2017.[*[dead link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot)*]

1. **[^](#cite_ref-31)** ["Pennsylvania CCC Archive Camp Information for S-129-Pa"](http://www.apps.dcnr.state.pa.us/stateparks/ccc/camp.aspx?ID=56). Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Retrieved June 16, 2017.[*[dead link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot)*]

1. **[^](#cite_ref-32)** ["Little Pine State Park History"](https://web.archive.org/web/20111106063239/http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/stateparks/findapark/littlepine/index.htm). Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from [the original](http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/stateparks/findapark/littlepine/index.htm) on November 6, 2011. Retrieved June 16, 2017.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-cupper_33-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-cupper_33-1) Cupper, Dan (1993). *Our Priceless Heritage: Pennsylvania's State Parks 1893–1993*. [Harrisburg, Pennsylvania](/source/Harrisburg%2C_Pennsylvania): Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, [Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission](/source/Pennsylvania_Historical_and_Museum_Commission) for Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Bureau of State Parks. pp. 20–29. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-89271-056-X](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89271-056-X).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-34)** United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Adjustment Administration (now known as the [Farm Service Agency](/source/Farm_Service_Agency)) (May 6, 1959). ["Photograph AQE-4W-57"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160303225446/http://data.cei.psu.edu/pennpilot/era1960/lycoming_1959/lycoming_1959_photos_jpg_200/lycoming_050659_aqe_4w_57.jpg). Penn Pilot Historical Aerial Photos of Pennsylvania (Sponsored by the Pennsylvania Geological Survey and the [Pennsylvania State University](/source/Pennsylvania_State_University)). Archived from [the original](http://data.cei.psu.edu/pennpilot/era1960/lycoming_1959/lycoming_1959_photos_jpg_200/lycoming_050659_aqe_4w_57.jpg) on March 3, 2016. Retrieved June 16, 2017.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-npsccc_35-0)** Paige, John C. (1985). "Chapter One: A Brief History of the Civilian Conservation Corps". [*The Civilian Conservation Corps and the National Park Service, 1933–1942: An Administrative History*](https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/ccc/index.htm). Washington, D.C.: [U.S. National Park Service](/source/National_Park_Service), Department of the Interior. [OCLC](/source/OCLC_(identifier)) [12072830](https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/12072830). Retrieved June 16, 2017.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-36)** Bryan, Curtis Townley (July 16, 1950). "Pennsylvania's Grand Canyon: Camps and Picnic Areas Abound in Wilds Along Pine Creek Gorge". *[The New York Times](/source/The_New_York_Times)*. p. X19.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-37)** [*1993 General Highway Map Lycoming County Pennsylvania*](https://gis.penndot.gov/BPR_pdf_files/Maps/Type_10_GHS_Historical_Scans/Lycoming_1993_Sheet_2.pdf) (PDF) (Map). Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, Bureau of Planning and Research, Geographic Information Division. Retrieved June 16, 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-38)** [*2002 General Highway Map Lycoming County Pennsylvania*](https://gis.penndot.gov/BPR_pdf_files/Maps/Type_10_GHS_Historical_Scans/Lycoming_2002_Sheet_2.pdf) (PDF) (Map). 1:65,000. Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, Bureau of Planning and Research, Geographic Information Division. Retrieved June 16, 2017.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-manual_39-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-manual_39-1) Forrey's 1984 *History of Pennsylvania's State Parks* lists the area of each park and picnic area, but gives Upper Pine Bottom as 4.0 acres (1.6 ha) and Sand Bridge as 1.5 acres (0.61 ha). The 2016 edition of *The Pennsylvania Manual* gives the current areas – see Bogden, Sharon, ed. (2016). "Section 9: Appendix". [*The Pennsylvania Manual*](https://web.archive.org/web/20170113091555/http://www.dgs.pa.gov/State%20Government/Print,%20Design%20and%20Mail%20Services/Documents/Vol%20122%20-%20Section%209.pdf) (PDF). Vol. 122. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-8182-0375-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8182-0375-6). Archived from [the original](http://www.dgs.pa.gov/State%20Government/Print,%20Design%20and%20Mail%20Services/Documents/Vol%20122%20-%20Section%209.pdf) (PDF) on January 13, 2017. Retrieved June 17, 2017.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-geology_40-0)** McGlade, William G. (1971). ["Pennsylvania Trail of Geology, Leonard Harrison and Colton Point State Parks, The Grand Canyon of Pennsylvania (Park Guide 5)"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160208045437/http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/cs/groups/public/documents/document/dcnr_015925.pdf) (PDF). Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from [the original](http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/cs/groups/public/documents/document/dcnr_015925.pdf) (PDF) on February 8, 2016. Retrieved June 17, 2017.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-seasons_obag_41-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-seasons_obag_41-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-seasons_obag_41-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-seasons_obag_41-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-seasons_obag_41-4) Owlett, Steven E. (1993). "Of Brachiopods and Glaciers". *Seasons Along the Tiadaghton: An Environmental History of the Pine Creek Gorge* (1st ed.). Petaluma, California: Interprint. pp. 27, 28, 31, 34, 36. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-9635905-0-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9635905-0-2).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Streams_II_42-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Streams_II_42-1) Shaw, Lewis C. (June 1984). *Pennsylvania Gazetteer of Streams Part II (Water Resources Bulletin No. 16)*. Prepared in Cooperation with the United States Department of the Interior Geological Survey (1st ed.). Harrisburg, PA: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Environmental Resources. p. 167. [OCLC](/source/OCLC_(identifier)) [17150333](https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/17150333).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-roadside_43-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-roadside_43-1) Van Diver, Bradford B. (1990). *Roadside Geology of Pennsylvania*. Missoula, Montana: Mountain Press Publishing Company. pp. 31–35, 113–115. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-87842-227-7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87842-227-7).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-geology_book_44-0)** Shultz, Charles H., ed. (1999). *The Geology of Pennsylvania*. Harrisburg and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania Geological Society and Pittsburgh Geological Society. pp. 372–374, 391, 399, 818. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-8182-0227-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8182-0227-0).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-map_61_45-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-map_61_45-1) Berg, T. M. (1981). ["Atlas of Preliminary Geologic Quadrangle Maps of Pennsylvania: Jersey Mills"](https://web.archive.org/web/20120919152021/http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/topogeo/map61/jerseymills.pdf) (PDF). Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Bureau of Topographic and Geologic Survey. Archived from [the original](http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/topogeo/map61/jerseymills.pdf) (PDF) on September 19, 2012. Retrieved June 17, 2017.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-map_67_46-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-map_67_46-1) ["Map 67: Tabloid Edition Explanation"](https://web.archive.org/web/20120401183314/http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/topogeo/pub/map/pdfs/map067_tabloid_exp.pdf) (PDF). Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Bureau of Topographic and Geologic Survey. Archived from [the original](http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/topogeo/pub/map/pdfs/map067_tabloid_exp.pdf) (PDF) on April 1, 2012. Retrieved June 17, 2017.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-47)** ["Burgoon Sandstone"](https://mrdata.usgs.gov/geology/state/sgmc-unit.php?unit=PAMb%3B10). [United States Geological Survey](/source/United_States_Geological_Survey). May 22, 2009. Retrieved June 17, 2017.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-48)** ["Climate of Pennsylvania"](https://web.archive.org/web/20120211175742/http://climate.met.psu.edu/data/ncdc_pa.pdf) (PDF). Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania State Climatologist. Archived from [the original](http://climate.met.psu.edu/data/ncdc_pa.pdf) (PDF) on February 11, 2012. Retrieved June 17, 2017.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-WeatherChannel_49-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-WeatherChannel_49-1) ["Upper Pine Bottom State Park Monthly Weather"](https://weather.com/weather/monthly/l/PASPUP:13:US). The Weather Channel Interactive, Inc. Retrieved June 17, 2017.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-dillon_wotf_50-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-dillon_wotf_50-1) Dillon, Chuck (2006). "Wealth of the Forests: Lumber". *Pennsylvania's Grand Canyon: A Natural & Human History* (2nd ed.). Wellsboro, Pennsylvania: Pine Creek Press. pp. 23–24. (No ISBN)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-dillon_hiats_51-0)** Dillon, Chuck (2006). "Human Issues Affecting the Stream". *Pennsylvania's Grand Canyon: A Natural & Human History* (2nd ed.). Wellsboro, Pennsylvania: Pine Creek Press. p. 46. (No ISBN)

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Bloodties_52-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Bloodties_52-1) Kerasote, Ted (1994). [*Bloodties: nature, culture, and the hunt*](https://archive.org/details/bloodtiesnaturec00kera/page/152). Kodansha Globe / Random House. p. [152](https://archive.org/details/bloodtiesnaturec00kera/page/152). [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-56836-027-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56836-027-0).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-53)** Dillon, Chuck (2006). "The Forest Today". *Pennsylvania's Grand Canyon: A Natural & Human History* (2nd ed.). Wellsboro, Pennsylvania: Pine Creek Press. pp. 34–36. (No ISBN)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-54)** Harris, William C., ed. (1885). [*The angler's guide book and tourist's gazetteer of the fishing waters of the United States and Canada*](https://books.google.com/books?id=k_MVAAAAYAAJ&q=%22Upper+Pine+Bottom%22&pg=PA168). New York, New York: The American Angler. p. 168. Retrieved October 21, 2009.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-55)** ["PFBC County Guide"](https://pfbc.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=3292981a1fcf415e9ce4a4a7a3ce98e2). *Interactive map*. [Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission](/source/Pennsylvania_Fish_and_Boat_Commission) (PFBC). Retrieved June 17, 2017.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-56)** [*Haneyville ATV Trail: Tiadaghton State Forest: Lycoming County*](http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/cs/groups/public/documents/document/dcnr_010202.pdf) (PDF) (Map). Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Bureau of Forestry. 2008. Retrieved June 16, 2017.[*[dead link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot)*]

## External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Upper Pine Bottom State Park](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Upper_Pine_Bottom_State_Park).

- [Pennsylvania portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Pennsylvania)

- [Upper Pine Bottom Run State Park](https://www.pa.gov/agencies/dcnr/recreation/where-to-go/state-parks/find-a-park/upper-pine-bottom-state-park) Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources

v t e Protected areas of Pennsylvania Federal National Battlefields and Military Parks Fort Necessity Gettysburg National Fish Hatcheries Allegheny National Forests Allegheny National Historic Sites and Historical Parks Allegheny Portage Railroad Edgar Allan Poe Eisenhower First State Friendship Hill Grey Towers Gloria Dei (Old Swedes') Church Hopewell Furnace Independence Steamtown Valley Forge National Memorials Benjamin Franklin Flight 93 Johnstown Flood Thaddeus Kosciuszko National Monuments Carlisle Federal Indian Boarding School National Recreation Areas Allegheny Delaware Water Gap National Trails Appalachian Lewis and Clark North Country Potomac Heritage National Wild and Scenic Rivers Allegheny River Clarion River Lower Delaware Middle Delaware Upper Delaware National Wildlife Refuge Cherry Valley Erie John Heinz Ohio River Islands Other National Historic Landmarks (Philadelphia) National Natural Landmarks National Register of Historic Places Wilderness Areas State Natural Areas Alan Seeger Algerine Swamp Anders Run Bark Cabin Bear Meadows Bear Run Beartown Woods Big Flat Laurel Black Ash Swamp Bruce Lake Buckhorn Carbaugh Run Charles F. Lewis Cranberry Swamp David R. Johnson Detweiler Run Devil's Elbow East Branch Swamp Forrest H. Dutlinger Frank E. Masland Jr. Halfway Run Hemlocks The Hook Hoverter and Sholl Box Huckleberry Jakey Hollow Johnson Run Joyce Kilmer Kettle Creek Gorge Lebo Red Pine Little Juniata Little Mud Pond Swamp Little Tinicum Island Lower Jerry Run Marion Brooks M.K. Goddard/Wykoff Run Meeting of the Pines Miller Run Mt. Cydonia Ponds Mt. Davis Mt. Logan Pennel Run Pine Creek Gorge Pine Lake Pine Ridge Pine Tree Trail Reynolds Spring Roaring Run Rocky Ridge Rosecrans Bog Ruth Zimmerman Sheets Island Archipelago Snyder-Middleswarth Spruce Swamp Stillwater Sweet Root Tall Timbers Tamarack Run Tamarack Swamp Torbert Island State Parks Allegheny Islands Archbald Pothole Bald Eagle Beltzville Bendigo Benjamin Rush Big Elk Creek Big Pocono Big Spring Black Moshannon Blue Knob Boyd Big Tree Buchanan's Birthplace Bucktail Caledonia Canoe Creek Chapman Cherry Springs Clear Creek Codorus Colonel Denning Colton Point Cook Forest Cowans Gap Delaware Canal Denton Hill Elk Erie Bluffs Evansburg Fort Washington Fowlers Hollow Frances Slocum French Creek Gifford Pinchot Gouldsboro Greenwood Furnace Hickory Run Hillman Hills Creek Hyner Run Hyner View Jacobsburg Jennings Joseph E. Ibberson Kettle Creek Keystone Kings Gap Kinzua Bridge Kooser Lackawanna Laurel Hill Laurel Mountain Laurel Ridge Laurel Summit Lehigh Gorge Leonard Harrison Linn Run Little Buffalo Little Pine Locust Lake Lyman Run Marsh Creek Maurice K. Goddard McCalls Dam McConnells Mill Memorial Lake Milton Mont Alto Moraine Mt. Pisgah Nescopeck Neshaminy Nockamixon Nolde Forest Norristown Farm Ohiopyle Oil Creek Ole Bull Parker Dam Patterson Penn-Roosevelt Pine Grove Furnace Poe Paddy Poe Valley Point Presque Isle Prince Gallitzin Promised Land Prompton Prouty Place Pymatuning R. B. Winter Raccoon Creek Ralph Stover Ravensburg Reeds Gap Ricketts Glen Ridley Creek Ryerson Station Salt Springs Samuel S. Lewis Sand Bridge Shawnee Shikellamy Simon B. Elliott Sinnemahoning Sizerville Susquehanna Susquehanna Riverlands Susquehannock Swatara Tobyhanna Trough Creek Tuscarora Tyler Upper Pine Bottom Varden Vosburg Neck Warriors Path Washington Crossing Whipple Dam White Clay Creek Worlds End Yellow Creek State Forests Bald Eagle Buchanan Clear Creek Cornplanter Delaware Elk Forbes Gallitzin Loyalsock Michaux Moshannon Pinchot Rothrock Sproul Susquehannock Tiadaghton Tioga Tuscarora Weiser William Penn Scenic Rivers Bear Run French Creek Lehigh River LeTort Spring Run Lick Run Lower Brandywine Octoraro Creek Pine Creek Schuylkill River Stony Creek Tucquan Creek Tulpehocken Creek Yellow Breeches Creek State Game Lands 12 13 14 24 25 26 28 29 30 31 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 179 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 335 Wild areas Algerine Asaph Burns Run Clear Shade Hammersley James C. Nelson Kettle Creek Russell P. Letterman Martin Hill McIntyre Penns Creek Quebec Run Quehanna Russell P. Letterman Square Timber Stairway Thickhead Mountain Trough Creek Wolf Run Other Laurel Highlands Hiking Trail Mohn Mill Ponds Wild Plant Sanctuary Stone Valley Recreation Area Local and private Abernathy Field Station Asbury Woods Beechwood Farms Nature Reserve Benjamin Olewine III Nature Center Boyce Park Nature Center Briar Bush Nature Center Carbon County Environmental Education Center Churchville Nature Center Endless Mountains Nature Center Fern Hollow Nature Center Frick Environmental Center Great Valley Nature Center Harrison Hills Park Environmental Education Center Hawk Mountain Sanctuary Honey Hollow Environmental Education Center Jarrett Nature Center John James Audubon Center at Mill Grove Lacawac Lancaster Environmental Center Latodami Nature Center at North Park McKaig Nature Education Center McKeever Environmental Learning Center Millbrook Marsh Nature Center Kettle Creek Environmental Education Center Myrick Conservation Center Ned Smith Center for Nature and Art Nurture Nature Center Peace Valley Nature Center Pocono Environmental Education Center Pool Wildlife Sanctuary Powdermill Nature Reserve Richard Nixon Park Nature Center Riverbend Environmental Education Center Shaver's Creek Environmental Center Silver Lake Nature Center South Park Nature Center Strawberry Hill Nature Center Tom Ridge Environmental Center Trexler Environmental Center Trexler Nature Preserve Tyler Arboretum Welkinweir Whites' Woods Nature Center Winnie Palmer Nature Reserve at Saint Vincent College Woodbourne Forest and Wildlife Preserve Woodcock Creek Nature Center Category Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources Philadelphia Pittsburgh Commons

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Upper Pine Bottom State Park](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_Pine_Bottom_State_Park) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_Pine_Bottom_State_Park?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.