# Universal Immunisation Programme

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Vaccination program by the Government of India

**Universal Immunisation Programme** (**UIP**) is a [vaccination](/source/Vaccination) programme launched by the [Government of India](/source/Government_of_India) in 1985.[1] It became a part of Child Survival and Safe Motherhood Programme in 1992 and has remained one of the key areas under the [National Health Mission](/source/National_Health_Mission) since 2005. The programme now consists of vaccination against 12 diseases- [tuberculosis](/source/Tuberculosis), [diphtheria](/source/Diphtheria), [pertussis](/source/Pertussis) (whooping cough), [tetanus](/source/Tetanus), [poliomyelitis](/source/Poliomyelitis), [measles](/source/Measles), [hepatitis B](/source/Hepatitis_B), [rotaviral gastroenteritis](/source/Rotaviral_gastroenteritis), [Japanese encephalitis](/source/Japanese_encephalitis), [rubella](/source/Rubella), [pneumonia](/source/Pneumonia) ([haemophilus influenzae](/source/Haemophilus_influenzae) type B) and Pneumococcal diseases ([pneumococcal pneumonia](/source/Pneumococcal_pneumonia) and [meningitis](/source/Meningitis)). Hepatitis B and Pneumococcal diseases[2] were added to the UIP in 2007 and 2017 respectively.[3][4] The cost of all the vaccines are borne entirely by the [Government of India](/source/Government_of_India) and is funded through taxes with a budget of ₹7,234 crore (US$750 million) in 2022 and the program covers all residents of India, including foreign residents.[5]

The other additions in UIP through the way are [inactivated](/source/Inactivated_vaccine) [polio vaccine](/source/Polio_vaccine) (IPV), [rotavirus vaccine](/source/Rotavirus_vaccine) (RVV), [Measles](/source/Measles_vaccine)-[Rubella](/source/Rubella_vaccine) vaccine (MR). Four new vaccines have been introduced into the country's Universal Immunisation Programme (UIP), including injectable polio vaccine, an adult vaccine against Japanese Encephalitis and [Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine](/source/Pneumococcal_conjugate_vaccine).[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*]

## Background

Vaccines against rotavirus, rubella and polio (injectable) will help the country meet its [Millennium Development Goals](/source/Millennium_Development_Goals) 4 targets that include reducing child mortality by two-thirds by 2015, besides meeting meet global polio eradication targets. An adult vaccine against Japanese encephalitis was also introduced in districts with high levels of the disease. The recommendations to introduce these new vaccines have been made after numerous scientific studies and comprehensive deliberations by the [National Technical Advisory Group of India](/source/National_Immunization_Technical_Advisory_Group) (NTAGI), the country's apex scientific advisory body on immunisation.[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*]

Vaccine benefits are debated with some urging caution in the choice of vaccines introduced while expanding the immunisation programme, despite overwhelming and widespread documented scientific evidence on the efficacy of vaccines.[6]

With these new vaccines, India's UIP will now provide universal and free vaccines against 13[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*] life-threatening diseases, to 27 million children annually. Calling it one of the most significant health policies in the last 30 years, the note pointed out that the latest decision along with the recently introduced [pentavalent vaccine](/source/Pentavalent_vaccine), will help prevent death in about one lakh infants and adults in the working age group, besides putting a stop to about 10 lakh hospitalizations each year.[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*]

"The introduction of four new lifesaving vaccines, will play a key role in reducing the childhood and infant mortality and morbidity in the country. Many of these vaccines are already available through private practitioners to those who can afford them. The government will now ensure that the benefits of vaccination reach all sections of the society, regardless of social and economic status," the PM said.[7]

From February 2017, Union ministry of health and family welfare has rolled out Measles-Rubella vaccine from UIP.[8]

## See also

- [Vaccine-preventable diseases](/source/Vaccine-preventable_diseases)

- [World Immunization Week](/source/World_Immunization_Week)

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-nhm_1-0)** ["Immunization :: National Health Mission"](https://nhm.gov.in/index1.php?lang=1&level=2&sublinkid=824&lid=220). *nhm.gov.in*. Retrieved 11 January 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** ["Shri J P Nadda launches Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) under Universal Immunization Programme (UIP)"](http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=161763). *pib.nic.in*. Retrieved 2017-05-30.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** ["Archived copy"](https://web.archive.org/web/20130301221617/http://mohfw.nic.in/NRHM/Immunization/Routine%20Immunization%20Programme_Brief%20status.pdf) (PDF). Archived from [the original](http://mohfw.nic.in/NRHM/Immunization/Routine%20Immunization%20Programme_Brief%20status.pdf) (PDF) on March 1, 2013. Retrieved March 9, 2013.{{[cite web](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web)}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ([link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title))

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** Patra, Nilanjan. ["UNIVERSAL IMMUNIZATION PROGRAMME IN INDIA: THE DETERMINANTS OF CHILDHOOD IMMUNIZATION"](http://www.isical.ac.in/~wemp/Papers/PaperNilanjanPatra.pdf) (PDF). Indian Statistical Institute, Calcutta. p. 1. Retrieved 1 February 2012.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Chatterjee_5-0)** Chatterjee, Susmita; Pant, Manish; Haldar, Pradeep; Aggarwal, Mahesh Kumar; Laxminarayan, Ramanan (June 2016). ["Current costs & projected financial needs of India's Universal Immunization Programme"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5094121). *The Indian Journal of Medical Research*. **143** (6): 801–808. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.4103/0971-5916.192073](https://doi.org/10.4103%2F0971-5916.192073). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0971-5916](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-5916). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [5094121](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5094121). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [27748306](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27748306).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** Andre F; Booy R; Bock H (2008). ["Vaccination greatly reduces disease, disability, death and inequity worldwide"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2647387). *Bulletin of the World Health Organization*. **86** (2): 140–146. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.2471/BLT.07.040089](https://doi.org/10.2471%2FBLT.07.040089). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [2647387](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2647387). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [18297169](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18297169).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** ["Govt adds 4 vaccines to immunisation programme"](http://www.livemint.com/Politics/dRUdNB3m65UAGb0RAmvWTO/Govt-adds-4-vaccines-to-immunisation-programme.html). Livemint. July 3, 2014. Retrieved February 18, 2017.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** Ghosh, Abantika (January 10, 2017). ["Measles-rubella vaccine to roll out in February"](http://indianexpress.com/article/india/measles-rubella-vaccine-to-roll-out-in-february-4467248/). The India Express. Retrieved February 18, 2017.

v t e Health and Healthcare in India Healthcare Disease surveillance Health informatics Healthcare Healthcare system reform Hospitals in India Medical colleges Organ donation/transplantation Vaccination in India Universal Immunisation Programme Women's health Public health system in India Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) Anganwadi Auxiliary nurse midwife (ANM) All India Institutes of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Primary Health Centre (PHC) Mohalla Clinics Medicine Pharmacy Pharmaceutical industry Biotechnology Diseases Disease-related deaths Cardiovascular disease Chronic diseases Diabetes Enterovirus 71 (EV71) HIV/AIDS Leprosy Malnutrition Obesity Pneumonic plague Blue-ear disease SARS (outbreak progress) Stroke Tuberculosis Government Ministry of Health Ayushman Bharat Yojana NACO National Health Mission Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation Ministry of Ayush Agencies and institutes Public National Centre for Disease Control Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme Indian Council of Medical Research National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases National Institute of Epidemiology National Institute of Virology Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratories Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Central Drug Research Institute Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology Indian Institute of Chemical Biology Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Institute of Microbial Technology Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology National Chemical Laboratory National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories Epidemics Global pandemics Swine Flu COVID-19 Cholera pandemics First Second Third Fourth Fifth Sixth Other outbreaks Smallpox Plague Hepatitis Bubonic plague Statistics National Family Health Survey Studies Million Death Study Other issues Criminal: Corruption Human trafficking Smoking Suicide Socioeconomic: Demographics Environment Pollution Caste Sanitation Poverty Vegetarianism

v t e Mental health and healthcare in India Psychiatric hospitals and other in-patient units Antara Bangur Institute of Neurosciences Central Institute of Psychiatry Ranchi Institute of Mental Health, Amritsar Institute of Human Behaviour and Allied Sciences National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research State Mental Health Institute Vidyasagar Institute of Mental Health and Neuro and Allied Sciences Yerwada Mental Hospital Non-governmental organizations AASRA The Alternative Story The Banyan Lifeline Foundation The Live Love Laugh Foundation Schizophrenia Research Foundation Vandrevala Foundation Mental health professional associations Indian Psychiatric Society Indian Association of Private Psychiatry Indian Association of Clinical Psychology National Academy of Psychology Mental health journals Indian Journal of Psychiatry Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health Mens Sana Monographs Key people H. Narayan Murthy Radhika Chandiramani Bhargavi Davar Vikram Patel Anirudh Kala Alok Sarin Indira Sharma Shekhar Seshadri Girindrasekhar Bose M. Sarada Menon Controversy & criticism Erwadi fire incident Political abuse of psychiatry in India

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Universal Immunisation Programme](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Immunisation_Programme) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Immunisation_Programme?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.