# Ulvales

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> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulvales
> Source revision: 1346069098
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{{Short description|Order of algae}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Ulva lactuca - Sowerby.jpg
| image_caption = ''[Ulva](/source/Sea_lettuce)''
| taxon = Ulvales
| authority = Blackman & Tansley
| subdivision_ranks = Families
| subdivision_ref = <ref name="Algaebase">{{cite web | url = http://www.algaebase.org/browse/taxonomy/?id=4584 | publisher = AlgaeBase version 4.2 World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway | access-date = 2018-04-09 | title = Order: Ulvales taxonomy browser |author1=Guiry, M.D.  |author2=Guiry, G.M.  |name-list-style=amp | year = 2007 }}</ref>
| subdivision = 
* [Bolbocoleonaceae](/source/Bolbocoleonaceae)
* [Cloniophoraceae](/source/Cloniophoraceae)
* [Ctenocladaceae](/source/Ctenocladaceae)
* [Kornmanniaceae](/source/Kornmanniaceae)
* [Phaeophilaceae](/source/Phaeophilaceae)
* [Ulvaceae](/source/Ulvaceae)
* [Ulvellaceae](/source/Ulvellaceae)
}}

'''Ulvales''' is an order of [green alga](/source/green_alga)e in the class [Ulvophyceae](/source/Ulvophyceae). Algae of this order are most commonly found in aquatic habitats (mainly marine or [brackish](/source/brackish) waters); some are found in [fresh water](/source/fresh_water) or are terrestrial. They are found free-floating, attached to a substrate, or [endophytic](/source/endophytic).<ref name=Skaloud/> Well-known examples include ''[Ulva](/source/Ulva)'' (including ''[Enteromorpha](/source/Enteromorpha)''), which is commonly known as sea lettuce and is a ubiquitous [seaweed](/source/seaweed).<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Hayden |first1=Hillary S. |last2=Waaland |first2=J. Robert |title=Phylogenetic systematics of the Ulvaceae (Ulvales, Ulvophyceae) using chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequences |journal=Journal of Phycology |date=2002 |volume=38 |issue=6 |pages=1200–1212 |doi=10.1046/j.1529-8817.2002.01167.x}}</ref>

The Ulvales consist of macroscopic or microscopic algae with diverse morphologies (filamentous, pseudoparenchymatous, tubular or blade-like). Cells generally contain a single parietally placed [chloroplast](/source/chloroplast) with one or multiple [pyrenoid](/source/pyrenoid)s, and one or multiple [nuclei](/source/cell_nucleus).<ref name=Skaloud/>

[Asexual reproduction](/source/Asexual_reproduction) occurs via biflagellate or quadriflagellate [zoospore](/source/zoospore)s. Sexual reproduction is variable, but has not been reported from all taxa. Sexual reproduction is [isogamous](/source/isogamous) or [anisogamous](/source/anisogamous), with gametes (which are biflagellate) being formed from unisexual or bisexual thalli. The cell cycle is [diplohaplontic](/source/diplohaplontic), and generations may be isomorphic or heteromorphic.<ref name=Skaloud/>

==Phylogeny==
[Molecular phylogenetic](/source/Molecular_phylogenetic) studies suggest the following relationships between families:<ref name=Skaloud>{{cite book | last1 = Škaloud | first1 = Pavel | last2 = Rindi | first2 = Fabio | last3 = Boedeker | first3 = Christian | last4 = Leliaert | first4 = Frederik | title = Chlorophyta: Ulvophyceae | series = Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa | volume = 13 | publisher = Springer Spektrum | location = Berlin, Germany | year = 2018 | isbn = 978-3-662-55494-4 | doi = 10.1007/978-3-662-55495-1 | url = https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-662-55495-1 | pages=i-x, 1–289 }}</ref>

{{clade
|1=
{{clade
|label1=Ulvales
|1=
{{clade
|1={{clade
|1={{clade
|1={{clade
|1=Ulvaceae
|2=Ulvellaceae
}}
|2=Cloniophoraceae
}}
|2={{clade
|1=Bolbocoleonaceae
|2=Kornmanniaceae
}}
}}
|2={{clade
|1=Phaeophilaceae
|2=Ctenocladaceae
}}
}}
|2=[Chlorocystidales](/source/Chlorocystidales) (outgroup)
}}
}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{cite web|title=Ulvales|url=https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=9331|website=ITIS Report|publisher=Integrated Taxonomic Information System|access-date=24 April 2015}}
* {{cite web|title=Bibliography for Ulvales by Page|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/name/Ulvales|website=Biodiversity Heritage Library|access-date=24 April 2015}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q1367727}}
{{Authority control}}

Category:Ulvales
Category:Chlorophyta orders

{{Ulvophyceae-stub}}

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Ulvales](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulvales) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulvales?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.