# Type site

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{{short description|Archaeological site that defines a culture}}
{{about|an archaeological type site|a geological type site|type locality (geology)}}

In [archaeology](/source/archaeology), a '''type site''' ([American English](/source/American_English)) or '''type-site''' ([British English](/source/British_English)) is the [site](/source/archaeological_site) used to define a particular [archaeological culture](/source/archaeological_culture) or other [typological unit](/source/Typology_(archaeology)), which is often named after it.<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199534043.001.0001/acref-9780199534043-e-4397|title=type-site|encyclopedia=The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology|last=Darvill|first=Timothy|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2009|isbn=9780191727139|location=Oxford|doi=10.1093/acref/9780199534043.001.0001|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite encyclopedia|title=type site|encyclopedia=Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology|page=580|last=Kipfer|first=Barbara Ann|publisher=Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers|year=2000|location=New York, NY|isbn=978-0-306-46158-3}}</ref> For example, discoveries at [La Tène](/source/La_T%C3%A8ne_(archaeological_site)) and [Hallstatt](/source/Hallstatt) led scholars to divide the [European Iron Age](/source/Iron_Age_Europe) into the [La Tène culture](/source/La_T%C3%A8ne_culture) and [Hallstatt culture](/source/Hallstatt_culture), named after their respective type sites.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Kaeser|first=Marc-Antoine|url=https://www.academia.edu/39018189|title=La Tène, ou la construction d'un site éponyme|publisher=Drémil-Lafage: Editions Mergoil|year=2019|isbn=9782355180927|language=fr}}</ref>

The concept is similar to [type localities](/source/type_locality_(geology)) in [geology](/source/geology) and [type specimen](/source/type_specimen)s in [biology](/source/biology).

==Notable type sites==

=== Africa ===

* [Nok](/source/Nok) ([Kaduna](/source/Kaduna_State), [Nigeria](/source/Nigeria)), of the [Nok culture](/source/Nok_culture)

===East Asia===
*[Banpo](/source/Banpo) ([Yangshao culture](/source/Yangshao_culture), Neolithic [Yangshao culture](/source/Yangshao_culture), China)
*[Liangzhu Town](/source/Liangzhu_Town), near [Hangzhou](/source/Hangzhou) ([Liangzhu culture](/source/Liangzhu_culture), Neolithic, China)
*[Songguk-ri](/source/Songguk-ri) (Middle [Mumun](/source/Mumun_Pottery_Period) culture, southern [Korea](/source/Korea))
*[Suemura cluster of kilns](/source/Suemura_cluster_of_kilns) – [Kiln](/source/Anagama)s of [Sue pottery](/source/Sue_pottery) (Middle and Late [Kofun](/source/Kofun) period, [Osaka](/source/Osaka), [Japan](/source/Japan))
*[Sanage cluster of kilns](/source/Sanage_cluster_of_kilns) — Kilns of {{ill|Green Glazed Ware|ja|緑釉陶器}} and {{ill|Ash Glazed Ware|ja|灰釉陶器}} ([Nara](/source/Nara_period) and [Heian](/source/Heian_period) period, [Aichi Prefecture](/source/Aichi_Prefecture), Japan)

===Europe===
*a river terrace of the [River Somme](/source/Somme_River) ([Abbeville](/source/Abbeville), France), of the [Abbevillian](/source/Abbevillian) culture
*[Aurignac](/source/Aurignac) ([Haute Garonne](/source/Haute_Garonne), France), of the [Aurignacian](/source/Aurignacian) culture
*[Hallstatt](/source/Hallstatt) ([Salzkammergut](/source/Salzkammergut), [Austria](/source/Austria)), of the [Hallstatt culture](/source/Hallstatt_culture)
*[La Tène, Neuchâtel](/source/La_T%C3%A8ne%2C_Neuch%C3%A2tel), Switzerland, of the [La Tène culture](/source/La_T%C3%A8ne_culture)
*[Vinča, Belgrade](/source/Vin%C4%8Da), Serbia, of the [Vinča culture](/source/Vin%C4%8Da_culture)
*[Abri de la Madeleine](/source/Abri_de_la_Madeleine) ([Dordogne](/source/Dordogne), France), of the [Magdalenian](/source/Magdalenian) culture
*[Le Moustier](/source/Le_Moustier) (Dordogne, France), of the [Mousterian](/source/Mousterian) culture
*[Saint Acheul](/source/Saint_Acheul) (near [Amiens](/source/Amiens), [France](/source/France)), of the [Acheulean](/source/Acheulean) culture
*[Butmir](/source/Butmir) (near [Sarajevo](/source/Sarajevo), [Bosnia-Herzegovina](/source/Bosnia-Herzegovina)), of the [Butmir culture](/source/Butmir_culture)
*[Cucuteni](/source/Cucuteni) (Romania) and [Trypillia](/source/Trypillia) (Ukraine), of the [Cucuteni–Trypillia](/source/Cucuteni%E2%80%93Trypillia_culture) culture

===Mesoamerica===
*[Uaxactun](/source/Uaxactun) ([Maya civilization](/source/Maya_civilization), Dept.of Peten, [Guatemala](/source/Guatemala))
*[Dzibilchaltun](/source/Dzibilchaltun) ([Maya civilization](/source/Maya_civilization), northern [Yucatan](/source/Yucatan), [Mexico](/source/Mexico))
*[Monte Albán](/source/Monte_Alb%C3%A1n) ([Zapotec civilization](/source/Zapotec_civilization), [Oaxaca](/source/Oaxaca), Mexico)

===Near East===
*[Tell Halaf](/source/Tell_Halaf), [Syria](/source/Syria), for the [Halaf culture](/source/Halaf_culture)
*[Tell Hassuna](/source/Tell_Hassuna), [Iraq](/source/Iraq), for the [Hassuna culture](/source/Hassuna_culture)
*[Jemdet Nasr](/source/Jemdet_Nasr), [Iraq](/source/Iraq), for the [Jemdet Nasr period](/source/Jemdet_Nasr_period)
*[Tell al-'Ubaid](/source/Tell_al-'Ubaid), [Iraq](/source/Iraq), for the [Ubaid period](/source/Ubaid_period)
*[Uruk](/source/Uruk), [Iraq](/source/Iraq), for the [Uruk period](/source/Uruk_period)

===Northern America===
*[Folsom, New Mexico](/source/Folsom%2C_New_Mexico) ([Folsom Tradition](/source/Folsom_Tradition)), United States
*[Clovis, New Mexico](/source/Clovis%2C_New_Mexico) ([Clovis culture](/source/Clovis_culture)), United States: generally accepted as the type site for one of the earliest human cultures in the North America
*[La Plata County, Colorado](/source/La_Plata_County%2C_Colorado) ([Basketmaker II period](/source/Pecos_Classification) of the [Anasazi](/source/Anasazi) culture), United States
*[Barton Gulch](/source/Barton_Gulch) of the Blackwater Draw Paleo-Indian culture
*[Adena Mound](/source/Adena_Mound) ([Adena culture](/source/Adena_culture)), United States
*[Borax Lake Site](/source/Borax_Lake_Site), for two of the earliest cultural traditions in California: the Post Pattern and Borax Lake Pattern.

===Oceania===
*[New Caledonia](/source/New_Caledonia), of the [Lapita](/source/Lapita) culture.

===South Asia===
*[Kot Diji](/source/Kot_Diji) (Pre-Indus civilization, [Pakistan](/source/Pakistan))
*[Harappa](/source/Harappa) ([Indus civilization](/source/Indus_civilization), Punjab, northeast Pakistan)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

Category:Archaeological type sites
Category:Methods in archaeology
Category:Bronze Age
Category:Iron Age
Category:Stone Age

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Type site](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_site) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_site?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.