# Tulosesus subpurpureus

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{{Short description|Species of fungus}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = 
| genus = Tulosesus
| species = subpurpureus
| authority = ([A.H. Sm.](/source/Alexander_H._Smith)) [D. Wächt](/source/Dieter_W%C3%A4chter) & [A. Melzer](/source/Andreas_Melzer) (2020)
| synonyms = ''Coprinus subpurpureus'' <small>[A.H. Sm.](/source/Alexander_H._Smith) (1948)</small><br>
''Coprinellus subpurpureus'' <small>[Redhead](/source/Scott_Alan_Redhead), [Vilgalys](/source/Rytas_J._Vilgalys) & [Moncalvo](/source/Jean-Marc_Moncalvo) (2001)</small><br>
}}

'''''Tulosesus subpurpureus''''' is a species of [mushroom](/source/mushroom) producing [fungus](/source/fungus) in the family [Psathyrellaceae](/source/Psathyrellaceae).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Species Fungorum - Tulosesus subpurpureus (A.H. Sm.) D. Wächt. & A. Melzer, Mycol. Progr. 19(11): 1213 (2020) |url=http://www.speciesfungorum.org/Names/GSDSpecies.asp?RecordID=831953 |access-date=2022-07-15 |website=www.speciesfungorum.org}}</ref>

== Taxonomy ==
The species was originally found in 1948 in [Cheboygan County](/source/Cheboygan_County%2C_Michigan), [Michigan](/source/Michigan), USA, and [described](/source/species_description) by mycologist [Alexander H. Smith](/source/Alexander_H._Smith), who named it ''Coprinus subpurpureus''.<ref name="Smith1948" />

In 2001 a [phylogenetic](/source/Phylogenetics) study resulted in a major reorganization and reshuffling of that genus and this species was transferred to ''[Coprinellus](/source/Coprinellus)''.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Redhead SA |first1=Scott A |author2=Vilgalys R |author3=Moncalvo J-M |author4=Johnson J |author5=Hopple JS |author6=Hopple, John S |author7=Johnson, Jacqui |author8=Moncalvo, Jean-Marc |author9=Vilgalys, Rytas |year=2001 |title=''Coprinus'' Pers. and the disposition of ''Coprinus'' species ''sensu lato'' |journal=Taxon |volume=50 |issue=1 |pages=203&ndash;241 |doi=10.2307/1224525 |jstor=1224525}}</ref>

The species was known as ''Coprinellus'' ''subpurpureus'' until 2020 when the German mycologists [Dieter Wächter](/source/Dieter_W%C3%A4chter) & [Andreas Melzer](/source/Andreas_Melzer_(Mycologist)) reclassified many species in the [Psathyrellaceae](/source/Psathyrellaceae) family based on [phylogenetic](/source/Phylogenetics) analysis.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Wächter |first=Dieter |last2=Melzer |first2=Andreas |date=2020-11-01 |title=Proposal for a subdivision of the family Psathyrellaceae based on a taxon-rich phylogenetic analysis with iterative multigene guide tree |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-020-01606-3 |journal=Mycological Progress |language=en |volume=19 |issue=11 |pages=1151–1265 |doi=10.1007/s11557-020-01606-3 |issn=1861-8952|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

==Description==
The [cap](/source/pileus_(mycology)) is {{convert|1.5|cm|in|1|abbr=on}} tall, and up to {{convert|3.5|cm|in|abbr=on}} when fully expanded. The cap surface when young has a powdery bloom (''pruinose''), but becomes smooth (''glabrous'') in maturity; it is typically brownish in color, but in maturity is colored more purple near the center, and is dark gray to black near the edges. The [flesh](/source/trama_(mycology)) is thin and fragile, with no discernible odor or taste. The [gills](/source/lamella_(mycology)) have an adnate attachment to the stem, and are narrow and placed closely together; they are [buff](/source/buff_(color)) in color before darkening to black in maturity prior to dissolving (''deliquescing''). The [stipe](/source/stipe_(mycology)) is {{convert|4|to|10|cm|in|abbr=on}} tall by {{convert|0.1|to|0.25|cm|in|2|abbr=on}} thick.<ref name=Smith1948>{{cite journal |author=Smith AH |year=1948 |title=Studies in the dark-spored agarics |journal=Mycologia |volume=40 |issue=6 |pages=669–707 |doi=10.2307/3755317 |jstor=3755317|pmid=18102857}}</ref>

The [spore](/source/spore)s are smooth, elliptical or roughly oval depending on the direction in which they are viewed, and have dimensions of 12–14 by 5.5–6.8 by 7–8&nbsp;[μm](/source/micrometre). The [basidia](/source/basidia) are 4-spored, and 18–30 by 6–7&nbsp;μm.<ref name=Smith1948/>

==Habitat==
''Coprinellus subpurpureus'' was found growing on wet leaves under [hardwood](/source/hardwood) trees in [Michigan](/source/Michigan), USA.<ref name=Smith1948/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.grzyby.pl/coprinus-site-Kees-Uljee/species/subpurpu.htm ''C. subpurpureus'' at Uljé's Coprinus site]

{{Taxonbar|from=Q5168921}}

Category:Fungi described in 1948
Category:Fungi of North America
subpurpureus
Category:Fungus species

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Tulosesus subpurpureus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulosesus_subpurpureus) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulosesus_subpurpureus?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.