# Tulista > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Tulista > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Tulista.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulista > Source revision: 1289926743 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}} {{Automatic taxobox | taxon = Tulista | image = 1 H Tulista marginata - Ashton 2.jpg | image_alt = | image_caption = ''[Tulista marginata](/source/Tulista_marginata)'' | authority = Raf. | display_parents = 2 | subdivision_ranks = | subdivision = |synonyms=*''[Haworthia](/source/Haworthia)'' subgenus ''Robustipedunculares'' [Duval](/source/Henri_August_Duval) }} '''''Tulista''''' is a small genus of succulent plants endemic to the [Cape Provinces](/source/Cape_Provinces) of [South Africa](/source/South_Africa). They were formerly included within the genus ''[Haworthia](/source/Haworthia)''. ==Characteristics== The genus is characterised by a large size (relative to other haworthias), by their stemless rosette growth form, by the yellow exudate in their non-fibrous leaves,{{Cite journal | doi=10.1007/s00606-014-1127-4| title=Nuclear genome sizes of 343 accessions of wild collected Haworthia and Astroloba (Asphodelaceae, Alooideae), compared with the genome sizes of Chortolirion, Gasteria and 83 Aloe species| journal=Plant Systematics and Evolution| volume=301| issue=3| pages=931–953| year=2015| last1=Zonneveld| first1=B. J. M.| bibcode=2015PSyEv.301..931Z| s2cid=30984307}} and by their distinctive flowers with robust peduncles. ==Taxonomy== The genus ''[Haworthia](/source/Haworthia)'' was long considered problematic, and suspected of being polyphyletic. It was accordingly divided into three different subgenera: ''Haworthia'' (the soft, green, leafy, and often retuse species); ''Hexangulares'' (the harder, often tubercled species); ''Robustipedunculares'' (the four largest, most robust species). Several phylogenetic studies have confirmed this division, and shown that ''[Haworthia](/source/Haworthia)'' actually comprises three [clade](/source/clade)s that are only distantly related. Based on phylogenetic evidence, in 2013, [Gordon Rowley](/source/Gordon_Rowley) revived the genus ''Tulista'', first erected by [Constantine Samuel Rafinesque](/source/Constantine_Samuel_Rafinesque) in 1840, but long consigned to synonymy with ''Haworthia''. However, Rowley adopted a very broad concept of ''Tulista'', in which as well as ''Haworthia'' subgenus ''Robustipedunculares'', the genus included ''[Astroloba](/source/Astroloba)'' and ''Aloe aristata'' (now ''[Aristaloe aristata](/source/Aristaloe_aristata)''), among other taxa. Later in 2013, this broad concept was rejected by Manning et al. later, and ''Tulista'' re-circumscribed to consist of four species, a decision supported by Gildenhuys and Klopper in 2016. Rowley has subsequently defended his original approach to the genus, though it is no longer widely accepted. The same phylogenetic studies suggested that the closest relatives of ''Tulista'' were the genera ''[Astroloba](/source/Astroloba)'' and ''[Gonialoe](/source/Gonialoe)''. ===Species=== In 2014, Manning et al. recognized four species in the genus ''Tulista'', all accepted by [Plants of the World Online](/source/Plants_of_the_World_Online) {{as of|2023|May|lc=yes}}.{{cite web |title=''Tulista'' Raf. |work=Plants of the World Online |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|url=http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24875-1 |access-date=2023-05-08 }} All four species are highly variable, each with many different forms. [[File:Tulista kingiana in cultivation - Cape Town.jpg|thumb|right|upright=0.5|''[Tulista kingiana](/source/Tulista_kingiana)'']] [[File:Haworthia marginata.jpg|thumb|right|upright=0.5|''[Tulista marginata](/source/Tulista_marginata)'']] [[File:Tulista minima - haworthia minima in cultivation 4.jpg|thumb|right|upright=0.5|''[Tulista minor](/source/Tulista_minor)'']] [[File:1 Haworthia maxima in habitat - Worcester South Africa.jpg|thumb|right|upright=0.5|''[Tulista pumila](/source/Tulista_pumila)'']] *''[Tulista kingiana](/source/Tulista_kingiana)'' (Poelln.) Gideon F.Sm. & Molteno ::Previously known as ''Haworthia kingiana'', it is the rarest and furthest east of the four species. It occurs in the vicinity of Mossel Bay. It has a yellow-green colour, smooth glossy tubercles, and it sometimes has margins and keels. There are compact rounded forms, and thin elongated forms. Some populations also offset.{{Cite journal |doi = 10.11646/phytotaxa.297.3.8|title = A new combination in Tulista, T. Kingiana (Asphodeloideae, Xanthorrhoeaceae / Alooideae, Asphodelaceae)|journal = Phytotaxa|volume = 297|issue = 3|pages = 285|year = 2017|last1 = Smith|first1 = Gideon F.|last2 = Figueiredo|first2 = Estrela|last3 = Molteno|first3 = Steven| bibcode=2017Phytx.297..285S }} *''[Tulista marginata](/source/Tulista_marginata)'' (Lam.) G.D.Rowley ::Previously known as ''Haworthia marginata'', this species occurs from the range of ''T. pumila'' eastwards, as far as Riversdale. The second largest species, it has fewer or no tubercles and it usually has clear margins and a keel on its leaves. It is also extremely variable in its forms and it is highly prized as an ornamental. It does not usually offset.Rowley, G.D. (2013) ''Generic concepts in the Alooideae. III:The phylogenetic story''. Alsterworthia International Special Issue no. 10:1–8 and 13(2): 24–26. *''[Tulista minor](/source/Tulista_minor)'' (Aiton) Gideon F.Sm. & Molteno [https://web.archive.org/web/20201201002447/https://wcsp.science.kew.org/namedetail.do?name_id=531678 Tulista minor - WCSP] ::Previously known as ''Haworthia minima'' or ''Haworthia minor'',{{Cite journal |doi = 10.11646/phytotaxa.346.2.8|title = A new combination in Tulista, T. Minor (Alooideae, Asphodelaceae)|journal = Phytotaxa|volume = 346|issue = 2|pages = 201|year = 2018|last1 = Smith|first1 = Gideon F.|last2 = Figueiredo|first2 = Estrela|last3 = Molteno|first3 = Steven| bibcode=2018Phytx.346..201S }} this species occurs to the south of the range of ''T. marginata''. Here it tends to occur in [renosterveld](/source/renosterveld) vegetation, often near the coast. It is very densely covered with tubercles and it usually has a blue-green colour. There are compact rounded forms, and thin elongated forms. Some populations offset.{{Cite journal |doi = 10.25223/brad.n37.2019.a18|title = A significant westerly extension of the natural distribution range of Tulista minor (Aiton) Gideon F.Sm. & Molteno (Asphodelaceae: Alooideae) in the Overberg, Western Cape Province, South Africa|journal = Bradleya|volume = 2019|issue = 37|pages = 201|year = 2019|last1 = Molteno|first1 = Steven|last2 = Smith|first2 = Gideon F.| bibcode=2019Bradl2019..201M | s2cid=196654451 }} *''[Tulista pumila](/source/Tulista_pumila)'' (L.) G.D.Rowley ::Previously known as ''Haworthia pumila/maxima/margaritifera'', this is the far western species, occurring in the [Robertson Karoo](/source/Robertson_Karoo) vegetation in the [Western Cape](/source/Western_Cape), [South Africa](/source/South_Africa). It is the largest species. It usually has a darker colour and raised tubercles on its leaves. It does not usually offset. ==Gallery== Some of the many varieties of the four species in this genus: File:Haworthia maxima in cultivation.jpg|''T. pumila'' File:Haworthia Maxima (6890633155).jpg|''T. pumila'' File:Z Sparsa hawortha pumila 4.jpg|''T. pumila'' File:Haworthia marginata - Tulista Heidelberg RSA 99.jpg|''T. marginata'' File:Tulista marginata - drew variety in cultivation 5.jpg|''T. marginata'' File:Haworthia marginata Tulista in habitat - Western Cape Acilliers 5.jpg|''T. marginata'' File:Haworthia minima MBB 3.jpg|''T. minor'' File:Tulista minima - brandrivier opalina form 2.jpg|''T. minor'' File:Haworthia minima MBB 7.jpg|''T. minor'' File:Tulista kingiana 4 - compact form.jpg|''T. kingiana'' File:Tulista kingiana at Moerasrivier after fire 1.jpg|''T. kingiana'' File:Tulista kingiana 1 - compact form.jpg|''T. kingiana'' == References == {{Reflist|refs= {{Citation |last1=Gildenhuys |first1=Sean D. |last2=Klopper |first2=Ronell R. |date=2016 |title=A synoptic review and new infrageneric classification for the genus Haworthiopsis (Xanthorrhoeaceae: Asphodeloideae) |journal=Phytotaxa |volume=265 |issue=1 |pages=1–26 |url=https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/57046/Gildenhuys_Synoptic_2016.pdf |access-date=2017-10-18 |doi=10.11646/phytotaxa.265.1.1 |bibcode=2016Phytx.265....1G |name-list-style=amp |hdl=2263/57046 |hdl-access=free }} {{Citation |last1=Manning |first1=John |last2=Boatwright |first2=James S. |last3=Daru |first3=Barnabas H. |last4=Maurin |first4=Olivier |last5=Bank |first5=Michelle van der |date=2014 |title=A Molecular Phylogeny and Generic Classification of Asphodelaceae Subfamily Alooideae: A Final Resolution of the Prickly Issue of Polyphyly in the Alooids? |journal=Systematic Botany |volume=39 |issue=1 |pages=55–74 |doi=10.1600/036364414X678044 |bibcode=2014SysBo..39...55M |s2cid=86714657 |name-list-style=amp }} {{Citation |last1=Rowley |first1=G.D. |date=2013 |title=Generic concepts in the Alooideae 3: The phylogenetic story |journal=Alsterworthia International |volume=10 |pages=1–7 |postscript=; cited in {{harvtxt|Gildenhuys|Klopper|2016}}}} {{Citation |last1=Rowley |first1=Gordon |date=2015 |title=''Tulista'' Raf. - Counsel for the Defence |journal=Alsterworthia |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=2–3 |url=https://alsterworthia.haworthia.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/alsterworthia-v15-1.pdf |access-date=2017-10-20 }} }} ==External links== {{Commons category|Tulista}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q20720103}} Category:Tulista Category:Endemic flora of the Cape Provinces Category:Renosterveld Category:Asphodelaceae genera Category:Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Tulista](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulista) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulista?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.