# Tuffite

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{{short description|Tuff containing both pyroclastic and detrital materials}}
[[File:Tuffit Hohenbol.JPG|thumb|right|Tuffit from [Hohenbol](/source/Hohenbol), Germany]]
'''Tuffite''' is a [tuff](/source/tuff) containing both [pyroclastic](/source/Pyroclastic_rock) and [detrital](/source/detrital) materials, but predominantly pyroclasts.

According to the [IUGS](/source/IUGS) definition, tuffite contains 75% to 25% volcanic (epiclastic) material.<ref>Le Maitre (Editor), 2002, Igneous rocks A Classification and Glossary of Terms Recommendations of the International Union of Geological Sciences Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 9</ref>

There are several classifications that define tuffite. The classification in the IUGS recommendation is based on the definition established by Schmid (1981).<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Schmid|first1=R.|title=Descriptive nomenclature and classification of pyroclastic deposits and fragments: Recommendations of the IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks|journal=Geology|date=1981|volume=9|issue=1|pages=41–43|doi=10.1130/0091-7613(1981)9<41:DNACOP>2.0.CO;2|bibcode=1981Geo.....9...41S }}</ref> [Shvetsov](/source/Mikhail_Sergeyevich_Shvetsov) defined tuffites as rocks containing 50% to 90% volcanic fragments.<ref>Vozárová, A., 2009, Petrohraphy of sedimentary rocks. Comenius University Press, Bratislava, Bratislava, 173 pp. (in Slovak)</ref> Tuffite should therefore contain more than half volcanic material. If rock contains more than 75% to 90% pyroclastic material, it is referred to as tuff. Some other, mostly older, sources state that tuffite may contain 10% to 50% volcanic material.<ref>{{cite web | last = Petránek | first = Jan | authorlink = Jan Petránek | title = On-line geological encyclopedia | work = Pyroklastické horniny | publisher = geology.cz | year = 2007 | url = http://www.geology.cz/aplikace/encyklopedie/term.pl?pyroklasticke_horniny | accessdate = 2012-07-21}} (in Czech)</ref>

The adjective ''tuffitic'' is used for sediments containing less than 25% volcanic fragments.

A tuffite consists of angular and/or rounded fragments of [effusive rock](/source/effusive_rock)s and their [mineral](/source/mineral)s, and may also contain [volcanic ash](/source/volcanic_ash), [pumice](/source/pumice), and [clay minerals](/source/clay_minerals). Nonvolcanic material may consist of [terrigenous](/source/terrigenous), chemical precipitates, or organogenic components. [Quartz](/source/Quartz) or [mica](/source/mica) and an admixture of [carbonates](/source/Carbonate_minerals), siliceous rock fragments, or organic remains may be common.

== References ==
<references/>

Category:Tuff

{{petrology-stub}}

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