# Tuboplasty

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**Tuboplasty** refers to a number of surgical operations that attempt to restore patency and functioning of the [fallopian tube](/source/Fallopian_tube)(s) so that a pregnancy could be achieved. As tubal infertility is a common cause of [infertility](/source/Infertility), tuboplasties were commonly performed prior to the development of effective [in vitro fertilization](/source/In_vitro_fertilization) (IVF) or repair of any type of tube-like structure, including the [Eustachian tube](/source/Eustachian_tube) in the head and neck.[citation needed]

## Types

Different types of tuboplasty can be distinguished:[1][2]

- **Tubal reanastomosis**, involves resection of occluded tubal tissue and joining the healthy segments.
- **Fimbrioplasty**, separating agglutinated fimbriae.
- **Salpingostomy**, creating a new distal opening for the tube.
- **Salpingolysis**, removing adhesions from around the tube.
- **Cornual implantation**, resecting of an occluded transmural segment of the tube and connecting the distal patent segment of the tube to the [uterus](/source/Uterus) so that it links up with the endometrial cavity.

## Techniques

Above surgical procedures are performed through either a [laparotomy](/source/Laparotomy) or [laparoscopy](/source/Laparoscopy) approach. Techniques include the use of [microsurgery](/source/Microsurgery), [laser](/source/Laser), [electrocautery](/source/Electrocautery), [hydrodissection](/source/Hydrodissection), mechanical [dissection](/source/Dissection), and use of surgical [stents](/source/Stents), hoods, adhesions barriers, and more.[citation needed]

Results depend on the underlying pathology and the skill of the surgeon. [Pregnancy rates](/source/Pregnancy_rate) may range from 0–48% (Rock, 1985).[3]

[Ectopic pregnancy](/source/Ectopic_pregnancy) is a complication after a tuboplasty. It may require a [salpingectomy](/source/Salpingectomy) (removal of a tube).

## History

Schroder is credited to have performed the first tuboplasty when he created an ampullary cuff and thus reopened an occluded tube in 1884.[2] The first postoperative pregnancy was reported by Martin in 1891, however it aborted. For about a century tuboplastic procedures were the main approach to correct tubal infertility situations. With the development of IVF technology, IVF has increasingly supplanted tuboplasty as a treatment for tubal infertility.[citation needed]

## See also

- [Fallopian tube obstruction](/source/Fallopian_tube_obstruction)

## References

1. Kodaman PH, Arici A, Seli E (2004). "Evidence-based diagnosis and management of tubal factor infertility". *Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology*. **16** (3): 221–9. [doi:10.1097/00001703-200406000-00004](https://doi.org/10.1097/00001703-200406000-00004). [PMID 15129051](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15129051). [S2CID 43312882](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:43312882)

1. Mattingly RF (November 1977). *Te Linde's Operative Gynecology*. J. B. Lippincott Co., 5th Edition, 1977. p. 324ff. ISBN 0-397-50375-X.

1. Grisaru D, Lessing JB, Brazowski E, Botchan A, Daniell Y, Peyser RM (Jul 1996). ["Mucocele formation 20 years after an appendiceal uterine transplantation for infertility mistaken for hydrops tubae profluens"](http://humrep.oxfordjournals.org/content/11/7/1433.full.pdf). *Human Reproduction*. **11** (7): 1433–4. [doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a019414](https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a019414). [PMID 8671481](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8671481)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Tuboplasty](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuboplasty) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuboplasty?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.