# Trimeresurus

> Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Trimeresurus
> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Trimeresurus.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trimeresurus
> Source revision: 1355557247
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

Genus of snakes

Trimeresurus White-lipped pit viper, T. albolabris Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Reptilia Order: Squamata Suborder: Serpentes Family: Viperidae Subfamily: Crotalinae Genus: Trimeresurus Lacépède, 1804 Synonyms Trimeresurus Lacepède, 1804 Craspedocephalus Kuhl & van Hasselt, 1822 Trimeresura – Fleming, 1822 Craspedocephalus – Gray, 1825 Megaera Wagler, 1830 Atropos Wagler, 1830 Trimesurus Gray, 1842[1]

***Trimeresurus*** is a [genus](/source/Genus) of [pit vipers](/source/Pit_viper) native to [Asia](/source/Asia). They are found from the [Indian subcontinent](/source/Indian_subcontinent) throughout [Southeast Asia](/source/Southeast_Asia), [China](/source/China), and the [Pacific Islands](/source/Pacific_Islands). The genus currently contains 44 recognized [species](/source/Species).[2] Common names include **Asian palm pit vipers**,[3] **Asian lanceheads**, and **green pit vipers**.[4]

## Description

Most species in the genus *Trimeresurus* are relatively small, primarily [arboreal](/source/Arboreal) species, with thin bodies and [prehensile](/source/Prehensility) tails. Most *Trimeresurus* species are typically green in color, but some species also have yellow, black, orange, red, or gold markings.

## Feeding

The diet of *Trimeresurus* species includes a variety of animals, including [lizards](/source/Lizard), [amphibians](/source/Amphibian), [birds](/source/Bird), [rodents](/source/Rodent), and other small [mammals](/source/Mammal).

## Reproduction

Like most viper species, many of the species in the genus *Trimeresurus* are [ovoviviparous](/source/Ovoviviparity), bearing live young. However, some species such as *[T. macrolepis](/source/Trimeresurus_macrolepis)* and *[T. hageni](/source/Trimeresurus_hageni)* are [oviparous](/source/Oviparity), laying [eggs](/source/Egg_(biology)). Also, the reproductive biology of some *Trimeresurus* species is as yet unknown.

## Venom

*Trimeresurus* [venom](/source/Venom_(poison)) varies in toxicity between species, but all are primarily [hemotoxic](/source/Hemotoxic) and considered to be medically significant to humans.

## Geographic range

Species in the genus *Trimeresurus* are found in [Southeast Asia](/source/Southeast_Asia) from [India](/source/India) (including regions of the [North Chotanagpur division](/source/North_Chotanagpur_division) of [Jharkhand](/source/Jharkhand)) to [Southern China](/source/Southern_China), [Taiwan](/source/Taiwan), and [Japan](/source/Japan), and the [Malay Archipelago](/source/Malay_Archipelago) to [Timor](/source/Timor).[1]

## Species

Image Species[2] Taxon author[2] Subsp.*[2] Common name[5] Geographic range[1] T. albolabris Gray, 1842 0 white-lipped pit viper India (Assam), Nicobar Islands, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Southern China (Fujian, Hainan, Guangxi, Guangdong), Hong Kong, West Malaysia, Indonesia (Sumatra, Borneo, Sulawesi, Java, Madura, Lombok, Sumbawa, Komodo, Flores, Sumba, Rote, Timor, Kisar, Wetar). T. andersonii Theobald, 1868 0 Anderson's pit viper, Andaman pit viper Andaman Islands, Nicobar Islands. T. arunachalensis Captain, Deepak, Pandit, Bhatt & Athreya, 2019 0 Arunachal pit viper India: Arunachal Pradesh T. ayerwadyensis Chan, Anuar, Sankar, Law, Law, Shivaram, Christian, Mulcahy & Malhotra, 2023 0 Ayerwady pit viper Myanmar T. calamitas Vogel, David & Sidik, 2022 0 Indonesia (Nias Island). T. cantori Blyth, 1846 0 Cantor's pit viper India: Nicobar Islands, and possibly the Andaman Islands. T. cardamomensis Malhotra, Thorpe, Mrinalini & B. Stuart, 2011 0 Cardamom Mountains green pit viper Eastern Thailand, Koh Kong Province in Cambodia. T. caudornatus Chen, Ding, Vogel & S. Shi, 2020 0 ornamental-tailed pit viper China (Yunnan). T. ciliaris Idiiatullina, Pawangkhanant, Tawan, Worranuch, Dechochai, Suwannapoom, Nguyen, Chanhome & Poyarkov, 2023 0 limestone eyelash pit viper Thailand T. cryptographicus Pawangkhanant, Idiiatullina, Ruangsuwan, Matsukoji, David, Suwannapoom & Poyarkov, 2025 0 Cryptic green pit viper Thailand T. Cyanolabris Idiiatullina, Nguyen, Bragin, Pawangkhanant, Le, Vogel, David & Poyarkov, 2024 0 blue lipped green pit viper Vietnam T. davidi Chandramouli, P. Campbell & Vogel, 2020.[6] 0 Car Nicobar, India. T. erythrochloris Pawangkhanant, Idiiatullina, Smits, Dugdale, Pierce, Suwannapoom & Poyarkov, 2025 0 Red barred green pit viper Thailand T. erythrurus Cantor, 1839 0 red-tailed bamboo pit viper India (Assam and Sikkim), Bangladesh and Myanmar. T. fasciatus Boulenger, 1896 0 banded pit viper Indonesia: Djampea Island. T. flavomaculatus Gray, 1842 2 Philippine pit viper Philippine Islands: Agutayan, Batan, Camiguin, Catanduanes, Dinagat, Jolo, Leyte, Luzon, Mindanao, Mindoro, Negros and Polillo. T. gracilis Ōshima, 1920 0 Kikushi habu Central Taiwan. T. gumprechti David, Vogel, Pauwels & Vidal, 2002 0 Gumprecht's green pit viper China (Yunnan), Laos, Thailand, Vietnam. T. gunaleni Vogel, David & Sidik, 2014 0 Gunalen's pit viper Sumatra. T. guoi Chen, S. Shi, Vogel & Ding, 2020 0 Guo's green pit viper China, Vietnam, Thailand, Myanmar. T. hageni Lidth de Jeude, 1886 0 Hagen's pit viper Peninsular Thailand, West Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia (Sumatra and the nearby islands of Bangka, Simalur, Nias, Batu and the Mentawai Islands. T. honsonensis L. Grismer, Ngo & J. Grismer, 2008 0 Hon Son pit viper Southern Vietnam. T. insularis Kramer, 1977 0 Sunda Island pit viper, white-lipped island pit viper Indonesia, Timor-Leste T. kanburiensis M.A. Smith, 1943 0 Kanburi pit viper Thailand. T. kirscheyi Vogel, David & Sidik, 2022 0 Simeulue pit viper Indonesia (Simeulue Island). T. kraensis Idiiatullina, Nguyen, Pawangkhanant, Suwannapoom, Chanhome, Nguyen, David, Vogel & Poyarkov, 2024 0 Nicobar Kra isthumus pit viper India: Thailand. T. kuiburi Sumontha, Suntrarachun, Pauwels, Pawangkhanant, Chomngam, Iamwiriyakul & Chanhome, 2021 0 Kui Buri pit viper Thailand. T. labialis Steindachner, 1867 0 Nicobar bamboo pit viper India: Nicobar Islands. T. lanna Idiiatullina, Nguyen, Pawangkhanant, Suwannapoom, Chanhome, Mirza, David, Vogel & Poyarkov, 2024 0 Nicobar Lanna pit viper India: Thailand. T. lii Cai et al., 2026 [7] 0 Huaxi Green Pitviper West Sichuan, China. T. liqibini Liang et al., 2026 [8] 0 Li Qibin’s Green Pit Viper Yunan Province, China. T. macrops Kramer, 1977 0 large-eyed pit viper Thailand, Cambodia and southern Vietnam. T. malcolmi Loveridge, 1938 0 Malcolm's pit viper Borneo. T. mayaae Rathee, Purkayastha, Lalremsanga, Dalal, Biakzuala, Muansanga & Mirza, 2022[9] 0 Maya's pit viper India: Meghalaya (Ri Bhoi), Mizoram (Champhai), Assam (Guwahati)[10] T. mcgregori Taylor, 1919 0 McGregor's pit viper, McGregor's tree viper, Philippine pit viper Batan Island, Philippines. T. medoensis Zhao, 1977 0 Motuo bamboo pit viper Northern India, northern Myanmar, and China (southeastern Xizang). T. mutabilis Stoliczka, 1870 0 Central Nicobar pit viper, Central Nicobar bamboo pit viper Central Nicobar Island. T. nebularis Vogel, David & Pauwels, 2004 0 Cameron Highlands pit viper, clouded pit viper West Malaysia (Cameron Highlands), Thailand. T. phuketensis Sumontha, Kunya, Pauwels, Nitikul & Punnadee, 2011 [11] 0 Phuket pit viper Thailand: Phuket Island. T. popeiorum M.A. Smith, 1937 2 Popes' pit viper Northern India, Myanmar, Thailand, West Malaysia, Vietnam and Indonesia (Sumatra, the Mentawai Islands of Siberut, Sipora, and North Pagai, and on the island of Borneo). T. purpureomaculatus Gray, 1832 0 mangrove pit viper Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, West Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia (Sumatra). T. rubeus (Malhotra, Thorpe, Mrinalini & L. Stuart, 2011) 0 ruby-eyed green pitviper southern Vietnam and eastern Cambodia T. sabahi Regenass & Kramer, 1981 0 Sabah bamboo pit viper, Sabah pit viper Sabah, Sarawak T. salazar Mirza, Bhosale, Phansalkar, Sawant, Gowande & Patel (2020) 0 Salazar's pit viper[12] India: western lowlands of Arunachal Pradesh T. schultzei Griffin, 1909 0 Schultze's pit viper Philippines: Palawan and Balabac. T. septentrionalis Kramer, 1977 0 Nepal pit viper, Himalayan white-lipped pit viper Bangladesh, India, Nepal T. sichuanensis Guo & Wang, 2011 0 Sichuan pit viper Sichuan, China T. stejnegeri Schmidt, 1925 2 Stejneger's pit viper India (Assam), and Nepal through Myanmar and Thailand to China (Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan, Fujian, Zhejiang, Yunnan) and Taiwan. T. sumatranusT Raffles, 1822 0 Sumatran pit viper Southern Thailand, West and East Malaysia (Sabah and Sarawak on Borneo) and Indonesia (Bangka, Billiton, Borneo, Sumatra and the nearby islands of Simalur, Nias, and possibly the Mentawai Islands [Sipora]). T. Tennasserimensis Idiiatullina, Nguyen, Pawangkhanant, Suwannapoom, Chanhome, Mirza, David, Vogel & Poyarkov, 2024 0 Tennasserim pit viper Thailand. T. tibetanus Huang, 1982 0 Tibetan bamboo pit viper China: Xiang (Tibet) Autonomous Region. T. truongsonensis Orlov, Ryabov, Thanh & Cuc, 2004 0 Quang Binh pit viper Central Vietnam T. uetzi Vogel, Nguyen, David, 2023 0 Uetz's pit viper Myanmar. T. venustus Vogel, 1991 0 beautiful pit viper, brown-spotted pit viper Southern Thailand T. vogeli David, Vidal & Pauwels, 2001 0 Vogel's pit viper Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam. T. whitteni Vogel, David & Sidik, 2022 0 Siberut pit viper Indonesia (Siberut Island). T. yingjiangensis Chen, Ding, J. Shi & Zhang, 2019 0 Southwest China T. yunnanensis Schmidt, 1925 0 Yunnan bamboo pit viper Southern China

**) Not including the [nominate subspecies](/source/Nominotypical_subspecies).* T) [Type species](/source/Type_species).[1]

## Taxonomy

Additional species that may be recognized by other sources include:[13]

- *[T. barati](/source/Trimeresurus_popeorum_barati)* [Regenass](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Urs_Regenass) & [Kramer](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Eugen_Kramer), 1981. Commonly called Barat's bamboo viper, found in [Indonesia](/source/Indonesia).

- *[T. fucatus](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Trimeresurus_fucatus&action=edit&redlink=1)* [Vogel](/source/Gernot_Vogel), [David](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Patrick_David) & [Pauwels](/source/Olivier_Sylvain_G%C3%A9rard_Pauwels), 2004. Commonly called the Siamese peninsula pit viper and found in southern [Thailand](/source/Thailand), [Myanmar](/source/Myanmar), [Malaysia](/source/Malaysia).

The genus *Trimeresurus* (*sensu lato*) has been the subject of considerable taxonomic work since 2000, resulting in the recognition of additional [genera](/source/Genus) within this complex. Most authors now recognise the genus *[Protobothrops](/source/Protobothrops)* for the species *cornutus*, *flavoviridis*, *jerdonii*, *kaulbacki*, *mucrosquamatus*, *tokarensis*, *xiangchengensis*,[14][15][16] since these have been shown not to be closely related to other *Trimeresurus* in recent phylogenetic analyses.

In addition, [Malhotra](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Anita_Malhotra) and [Thorpe](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Roger_S._Thorpe) (2004)[15] proposed a radical shake up of the entire genus, splitting *Trimeresurus* into seven genera. Their proposed arrangement (including species described since 2004) is shown in the table below:

Genus Species included Trimeresurus andalasensis, borneensis, brongersmai, gramineus, malabaricus, puniceus, salazar, strigatus, trigonocephalus, wiroti Cryptelytrops albolabris, andersonii, cantori, erythrurus, fasciatus, honsonensis (Hon Son Pit Viper), insularis, kanburiensis, labialis, macrops, purpureomaculatus, rubeus, septentrionalis, venustus Himalayophis tibetanus Parias flavomaculatus, hageni, malcolmi, mcgregori, schultzei, sumatranus Peltopelor macrolepis Popeia barati, buniana, fucata, nebularis, popeiorum, sabahi Viridovipera gumprechti, medoensis, stejnegeri, truongsonensis, vogeli, yunnanensis

This new arrangement has been followed by many,[16][17] but not all[13][18] subsequent authors.

[David](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Patrick_David) et al. (2011) considered some of the genera of Malhotra & Thorpe to be [subgenera](/source/Subgenus) of the genus *Trimeresurus*, creating new combinations such as *"Trimeresurus (Parias) flavomaculatus"*, *"Trimeresurus (Popeia) popeiorum"*, *"Trimeresurus (Viridovipera) stejnegeri"*, etc.[19]

## Gallery

		- A juvenile *T. vogeli* in [Khao Yai National Park](/source/Khao_Yai_National_Park), Thailand

		- *Trimeresurus fucatus* from [Khao Sok National Park](/source/Khao_Sok_National_Park), Thailand

		- *Trimeresurus albolabris* from [Kaeng Krachan National Park](/source/Kaeng_Krachan_National_Park), Thailand

		- *Trimeresurus gumprechti*, Gumprecht's green pit viper, from [Phu Hin Rong Kla National Park](/source/Phu_Hin_Rong_Kla_National_Park), Thailand

		- *Trimeresurus macrops* from [Khao Yai National Park](/source/Khao_Yai_National_Park), Thailand

		- *Trimeresurus popeiorum* from [Kaeng Krachan National Park](/source/Kaeng_Krachan_National_Park), Thailand

## See also

- [Craspedocephalus](/source/Craspedocephalus)

- [Ovophis](/source/Ovophis)

- [Protobothrops](/source/Protobothrops)

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-McD99_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-McD99_1-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-McD99_1-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-McD99_1-3) [McDiarmid RW](/source/Roy_Wallace_McDiarmid), [Campbell JA](/source/Jonathan_A._Campbell), [Touré TA](/source/T'Shaka_A._Tour%C3%A9) (1999). *Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, Volume 1*. Washington, District of Columbia: Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [1-893777-00-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-893777-00-6) (series). [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [1-893777-01-4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-893777-01-4) (volume).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-ITIS_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-ITIS_2-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-ITIS_2-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-ITIS_2-3) ["*Trimeresurus*"](https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=209553). [Integrated Taxonomic Information System](/source/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System). Retrieved 27 September 2006.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Meh87_3-0)** [Mehrtens JM](/source/John_M._Mehrtens) (1987). *Living Snakes of the World in Color*. New York: Sterling Publishers. 480 pp. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-8069-6460-X](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8069-6460-X).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-USN91_4-0)** United States Navy (1991). *Poisonous Snakes of the World*. New York: U.S. Government / Dover Publications Inc. 203 pp. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-486-26629-X](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-486-26629-X).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Gum04_5-0)** [Gumprecht A](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Andreas_Gumprecht), [Tillack F](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Frank_Tillack), [Orlov NL](/source/Nikolai_Liutsianovich_Orlov), [Captain A](/source/Ashok_Captain), [Ryabov S](/source/Sergei_Aleksandrovich_Ryabov) (2004). *Asian Pitvipers*. First Edition. Berlin: GeitjeBooks. 368 pp. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [3-937975-00-4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-937975-00-4).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** [Chandramouli, S.R.](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/S.R._Chandramouli); [Campbell, Patrick D.](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Patrick_D._Campbell); [Vogel, Gernot](/source/Gernot_Vogel) (1 November 2020). ["A new species of green pit viper of the genus *Trimeresurus* Lacépède, 1804 (Reptilia: Serpentes: Viperidae) from the Nicobar Archipelago, Indian Ocean"](http://amphibian-reptile-conservation.org/pdfs/Volume/Vol_14_no_3/ARC_14_3_%5bTaxonomy_Section%5d_169-176_e264.pdf) (PDF). *Amphibian & Reptile Conservation*. **14** (3): 169–176. Retrieved 9 November 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Cai2026_7-0)** Cai, Bo; Gou, Yubo; Wang, Gang; Liu, Fengjing; Liang, Dong; Gu, Xiaodong; Gu, Haijun; Fang, Haolong; Liu, Yuzhou; Li, Qiujie; Ding, Li (2026). ["A New Species of the Genus Trimeresurus Lacépède, 1804 (Squamata, Viperidae) from western Sichuan Province, China"](https://doi.org/10.3897%2Fzse.102.178601). *Zoosystematics and Evolution*. **102** (1): 285–302. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.3897/zse.102.178601](https://doi.org/10.3897%2Fzse.102.178601).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** Liang, Ya-Ting; Ding, Li; Wu, Zheng-Jun; Yang, Rui-Gang; Chen, Ze-Ning (2026). ["Description of a new species from Yunnan, China, within the genus Trimeresurus (Reptilia, Squamata, Viperidae) by integrating morphological and genetic evidence"](https://doi.org/10.3897%2Fzse.102.173390). *Zoosystematics and Evolution*. **102** (1): 303–314. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.3897/zse.102.173390](https://doi.org/10.3897%2Fzse.102.173390).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** [Rathee YS](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Yashpal_Singh_Rathee), [Purkayastha J](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Jayaditya_Purkayastha), [Lalremsanga HT](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Hmar_Tlawmte_Lalremsanga), [Dalal S](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Siddharth_Dalal), [Biakzuala L](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Lal_Biakzuala), [Muansanga L](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Lal_Muansanga), [Mirza ZA](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Zeeshan_Ayaz_Mirza) (2022). [A new cryptic species of green pit viper of the genus *Trimeresurus* Lacépède, 1804 (Serpentes, Viperidae) from northeast India](https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0268402). PLoS ONE 17(5): e0268402. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1371/journal.pone.0268402](https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0268402)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** Karmakar, Rahul. ["New species of venomous snake registered from Northeast"](https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/new-species-of-venomous-snake-registered-from-northeast/article65442320.ece). *The Hindu*. Retrieved 24 March 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** [Sumontha M](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Montri_Sumontha), [Kunya K](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Kirati_Kunya), [Pauwels OSG](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Olivier_Sylvain_G%C3%A9rard_Pauwels), [Nitikul A](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Awat_Nitikul), [Punnadee S](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Suwit_Punnadee) (2011). "*Trimeresurus (Popeia) phuketensis*, a New Pitviper (Squamata: Viperidae) from Phuket Island, Southwestern Thailand". *Russian Journal of Herpetology* **18** (3): 11–17.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-12)** Mirza, Zeeshan A; [Bhosale, Harshal S.](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Harshal_Bhosale); [Phansalkar, Pushkar U.](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Pushkar_U._Phansalkar); [Sawant, Mandar](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Mandar_Sawant); [Gowande, Gaurang G.](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Gaurang_Gowande); [Patel, Harshil](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Harshil_Patel) (15 April 2020). ["A New Species of Green Pit Vipers of the Genus *Trimeresurus* Lacépède, 1804 (Reptilia, Serpentes, Viperidae) from western Arunachal Pradesh, India"](https://zse.pensoft.net/article/48431/). *Zoosystematics and Evolution*. **96** (1): 123–138. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2020ZooEv..96..123M](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020ZooEv..96..123M). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.3897/zse.96.48431](https://doi.org/10.3897%2Fzse.96.48431). Retrieved 24 April 2020.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-RDB_13-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-RDB_13-1) *[Trimeresurus](http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/search.php?submit=Search&genus=Trimeresurus)* at the [Reptarium.cz Reptile Database](http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/). Accessed 2 February 2017.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-14)** [Kraus F](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fred_Kraus), [Mink DG](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Daniel_G._Mink), [Brown WM](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wesley_M._Brown) (1996). "Crotaline intergeneric relationships based on mitochondrial DNA sequence data". *Copeia* **1996**: 763–773.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-MT2004_15-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-MT2004_15-1) [Malhotra A](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Anita_Malhotra), [Thorpe RS](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Roger_S._Thorpe) (2004). "A phylogeny of four mitochondrial gene regions suggests a revised taxonomy for Asian pitvipers (*Trimeresurus* and *Ovophis*)". *Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution* **32**: 83–100.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Castoe_16-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Castoe_16-1) [Castoe TA](/source/Todd_Adam_Castoe), [Parkinson CL](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Christopher_L._Parkinson) (2006). "Bayesian mixed models and the phylogeny of pitvipers (Viperidae: Serpentes)". *Mol. Phylogenet. Evol.* **39**: 91–110.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-17)** [Grismer LL](/source/Larry_Lee_Grismer), [Grismer JL](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Jesse_Leland_Grismer), [McGuire JA](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Jimmy_Adair_McGuire) (2006). "A new species of pitviper of the genus *Popeia* (Squamata: Viperidae) from Pulau Tioman, Pahang, West Malaysia". *Zootaxa* **1305**: 1–19.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-18)** Vogel G (2006). *Venomous Snakes of Asia / Giftschlangen Asiens*. Frankfurt am Main: Terralog, Edition Chimaira.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-19)** David, Patrick; Vogel, Gernot; [Dubois, Alain](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Alain_Dubois) (2011). "On the need to follow rigorously the Rules of the *Code* for the subsequent designation of a nucleospecies (type species) for a nominal genus which lacked one: the case of the nominal genus *Trimeresurus* Lacépède, 1804 (Reptilia: Squamata: Viperidae)". *Zootaxa* **2992**: 1–51.

## Further reading

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Trimeresurus](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Trimeresurus).

[Wikispecies](/source/Wikispecies) has information related to ***[Trimeresurus](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Trimeresurus)***.

- [Lacépède BG](/source/Bernard_Germain_de_Lac%C3%A9p%C3%A8de) (1804). "*[Mémoire sur plusieurs animaux de la Nouvelle-Hollande dont la description n'a pas encore été publiée](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/93709#page/187/mode/1up)* " [= Memoir on several animals of New Holland whose description has not yet been published]. *Annales du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris* **4**: 184–211. (*Trimeresurus*, new genus, p. 209). (in French).

v t e Snakes in the genus Trimeresurus Trimeresurus albolabris Trimeresurus ayerwadyensis Trimeresurus borneensis Trimeresurus brongersmai Trimeresurus cantori Trimeresurus erythrurus Trimeresurus fasciatus Trimeresurus flavomaculatus Trimeresurus gracilis Trimeresurus gramineus Trimeresurus hageni Trimeresurus kanburiensis Trimeresurus karanshahi Trimeresurus labialis Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus Trimeresurus salazar Trimeresurus stejnegeri Trimeresurus sumatranus Trimeresurus tibetanus Trimeresurus trigonocephalus

Taxon identifiers Trimeresurus Wikidata: Q2465602 Wikispecies: Trimeresurus CoL: 826C EoL: 35409 GBIF: 2444915 iNaturalist: 30941 IRMNG: 1021490 ITIS: 209553 NCBI: 8764 Open Tree of Life: 130695 Paleobiology Database: 64930

Authority control databases National Israel Other Yale LUX

---
Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Trimeresurus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trimeresurus) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trimeresurus?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.