# Tricolia pullus
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{{Short description|Species of gastropod}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Tricolia pullus pullus 01.JPG
| image_caption = ''Tricolia pullus''
| taxon = Tricolia pullus
| authority = ([Linnaeus](/source/Carl_Linnaeus), [1758](/source/10th_edition_of_Systema_Naturae))
| synonyms_ref = [{{WRMS species|141700|''Tricolia pullus'' (Linnaeus, 1758)||2 October 2012}}]
==Subspecies==
Subspecies within this species are not clearly distinguishable and are described on a geographical base. They include:
* ''Tricolia pullus azorica'' (Dautzenberg, 1889)
* ''Tricolia pullus canarica'' Nordsieck, 1973
* ''Tricolia pullus picta'' (da Costa, 1778) (synonyms: ''Phasianella pullus picta'' (da Costa, 1778); ''Tricolia picta'' (da Costa, 1778) )
* ''Tricolia pullus pullus'' ([Linnaeus](/source/Carl_Linnaeus), [1758](/source/10th_edition_of_Systema_Naturae)) (synonym: ''Turbo pullus pullus'' Linnaeus, 1758)
File:Tricolia pullus canarica 01.JPG|''Tricolia pullus canarica''
File:Tricolia pullus picta 01.JPG|''Tricolia pullus picta''
==Description==
The size of the plump, oval shell varies between 3 mm and 11 mm. The shell has five or six rounded, gently convex [whorls](/source/Whorl_(mollusc)) with a smooth structure, the [body whorl](/source/body_whorl) being the largest. The shell has a short, abrupt [spire](/source/Spire_(mollusc)). There is no distinct [umbilicus](/source/Umbilicus_(mollusc)). The [aperture](/source/Aperture_(mollusc)) is roundish oval with a conspicuous [operculum](/source/Operculum_(gastropod)) is thick and has a white calcareous surface. The colour pattern of the shiny shell is very variable and goes from cream to white with pink or purple-brown spots spirally distributed in zigzag or flamed patterns.[Peter Hayward ''et al''., ''The Sea Shore of Britain & Europe'', Collins Pocket Guides, HarperCollins Publishers, 1996, {{ISBN|0-00-219955-6}}][(in Dutch) R.H. De Bruyne,'' Geïllustreerde Schelpenencyclopedie'', Rebo Productions, 2003 {{ISBN|90-366-1361-2}}]
The adults are [gonochoristic](/source/gonochoristic), i.e. consisting of distinct males and females. The [ova](/source/Ovum) are released in the sea and fertilized externally.[Marie Lebour (1937), The Eggs and Larvae of the British Prosobranchs with Special Reference to those Living in the Plankton, Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom (1937), 22: 105-166, {{doi|10.1017/S0025315400011917}}]
==Distribution==
This species is distributed in European waters, the [Mediterranean Sea](/source/Mediterranean_Sea), the [Sea of Azov](/source/Sea_of_Azov), in the Atlantic Ocean along the [Canaries](/source/Canary_Islands) and in the Indian Ocean along [Madagascar](/source/Madagascar). It is found in the [sublittoral zone](/source/sublittoral_zone) and deeper waters (up to 35 m) in often abundant numbers on red [seaweed](/source/seaweed)s (''Laurencia'', ''Lomentaria'', ''Mastocarpus''), collecting [diatom](/source/diatom)s and [detritus](/source/detritus).
==References==
{{Reflist}}
* Dautzenberg, P. (1923). ''Liste préliminaire des mollusques marins de Madagascar et description de deux especes nouvelles''. Journal de Conchyliologie 68: 21-74
* Vera Fretter, ''Some observations on ''Tricolia pullus'' (L.) and ''Margarites helicinus'' (Fabricius)'', J. Mollus. Stud. (1955) 31 (3-4): 159–162.
* Backeljau, T. (1986). ''Lijst van de recente mariene mollusken van België [List of the recent marine molluscs of Belgium]''. Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen: Brussels, Belgium. 106 pp.
* Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). ''European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification''. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213
* Kantor Yu.I. & Sysoev A.V. (2006) ''Marine and brackish water Gastropoda of Russia and adjacent countries: an illustrated catalogue''. Moscow: KMK Scientific Press. 372 pp. + 140 pls
==External links==
* [https://archive.org/details/systemanaturae01linnuoft Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentius Salvius: Holmiae. ii, 824 pp]
* {{Gastropods.com|key=2|id=10182|title=''Tricolia pullus pullus''|access-date=19 March 2011}}
* [http://naturdata.com/Tricolia-pullus-5145.htm Naturdata.com : ''Tricolia pullus'' from Portugal with photos]
{{Taxonbar|from=Q633853}}
{{Commons category}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tricolia Pullus}}
Category:Phasianellidae
Category:Gastropods described in 1758
Category:Animal taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Tricolia pullus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tricolia_pullus) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tricolia_pullus?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.