# Trevoa
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{{Short description|Family of shrubs and trees}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Trevoa quinquenervia.jpg
| image_caption = ''Trevoa quinquenervia''
| taxon = Trevoa
| authority = Miers ex Hook.
| synonyms = * ''Talguenea'' Miers ex Endl.
}}
'''''Trevoa''''' is a [genus](/source/genus) of [actinorhizal](/source/actinorhizal) plants; these [dicotyledon](/source/dicotyledon) flora are trees or small shrubs. The genus was first proposed by Miers in 1825, but was not fully described until 1830 by Sir [William Jackson Hooker](/source/William_Jackson_Hooker).[J. Miers. 1860] Genus members are notable for their ability to fix [nitrogen](/source/nitrogen). Species of this genus are generally found in the near coastal forests and arid [shrubland](/source/shrubland) of [South America](/source/South_America). Some species are localized in the mountains of central [Chile](/source/Chile); for example, the species ''[Trevoa trinervis](/source/Trevoa_trinervis)'' occurs in the [La Campana National Park](/source/La_Campana_National_Park)[C. Michael Hogan. 2008] and other proximate areas of central Chile.
Along with some related plants in the family [Rhamnaceae](/source/Rhamnaceae), they [fix nitrogen](/source/nitrogen_fixation) via [root nodule](/source/root_nodule)s which contain ''[Frankia](/source/Frankia)'' bacteria.[{{citation | journal = Appl Environ Microbiol | date = September 1998 | volume = 64 | issue = 9 | pages = 3539–3543 | pmc = 106764 | title = Diversity of Frankia Strains in Root Nodules of Plants from the Families Elaeagnaceae and Rhamnaceae |author1=Michael L. Clawson |author2=Margarita Carú |author3=David R. Benson | doi = 10.1128/AEM.64.9.3539-3543.1998 |name-list-style=amp | pmid=9726914| bibcode = 1998ApEnM..64.3539C }}] Other nitrogen-fixing genera in this family include ''[Ceanothus](/source/Ceanothus)'', ''[Colletia](/source/Colletia)'', ''[Discaria](/source/Discaria)'', ''[Kentrothamnus](/source/Kentrothamnus)'', and ''[Retanilla](/source/Retanilla)''.[{{citation | journal = American Journal of Botany | year = 2000 | volume = 87 | pages = 1309–1324 | title = A phylogenetic analysis of Rhamnaceae using rbcL and trnL-F plastid DNA sequences | author = James E. Richardson | author2 = Michael F. Fay | author3 = Quentin C. B. Cronk | author4 = Diane Bowman | author5 = Mark W. Chase | name-list-style = amp | doi = 10.2307/2656724 | issue=9| jstor = 2656724| doi-access = free }}]
==Taxonomy==
The botanist [Karl Friedrich Reiche](/source/Karl_Friedrich_Reiche), publishing in the years 1894–1911, recognized 6 species.[{{citation | contribution-url = http://efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=60&taxon_id=133348 | contribution = Trevoa Miers. | author = Karl Friedrich Reiche| author-link = Karl Friedrich Reiche | title = Estudios críticos de la Flora de Chile}}] Currently there are five recognized species in the genus.
===Species===
''Trevoa'' comprises the following species:[{{cite web | url = https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:33537-1 | author=Govaerts R | website = Plants of the World Online | title = ''Trevoa'' Miers ex Hook. | publisher=Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew | accessdate = 15 December 2020}}][{{cite web | url = http://www.theplantlist.org/1.1/browse/A/Rhamnaceae/Trevoa/ | title = The Plant List entry for ''Trevoa'' | date = September 2013 | website = [The Plant List](/source/The_Plant_List), v.1.1 | publisher = [Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew](/source/Royal_Botanic_Gardens%2C_Kew) and the [Missouri Botanical Garden](/source/Missouri_Botanical_Garden) | accessdate = 15 December 2020}}]
* ''[Trevoa campanulata](/source/Trevoa_campanulata)'' Reiche
* ''[Trevoa closiana](/source/Trevoa_closiana)'' Miers
* ''[Trevoa glauca](/source/Trevoa_glauca)'' Reiche
* ''[Trevoa quinquenervia](/source/Trevoa_quinquenervia)'' Gillies & Hook. (syn. ''Talguenea quinquenervia''[{{citation | title = Reproductive biology of the andromonoecious shrub ''Trevoa quinquenervia'' (Rhamnaceae) |author1=Diego Medan |author2=Ana C. D'Ambrogio | doi = 10.1111/j.1095-8339.1998.tb02526.x | journal = Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |issn = 0024-4074 | volume = 126 | issue = 3 | page = 191 | year = 1998| doi-access = free }}])
* ''[Trevoa spinifer](/source/Trevoa_spinifer)'' Escal.
===Species names with uncertain taxonomic status===
The status of the following species and hybrids is unresolved:[{{cite web |title=''Trevoa trinervis'' Miers|url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/tro-27500770|work=The Plant List (2010)|accessdate=2 January 2014}}]
==Notes==
{{Reflist|2}}
==References==
* C. Michael Hogan. 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121017013207/http://globaltwitcher.auderis.se/artspec_information.asp?thingid=82831 ''Chilean Wine Palm: Jubaea chilensis'', GlobalTwitcher.com, ed. N. Stromberg]
* J. Miers. 1860. ''The Annals and Magazine of Natural History: Including Zoology, Botany, and Geology'', Published by Taylor and Francis, ser.3: v.5, p 487
{{Taxonbar|from=Q13490019}}
Category:Rhamnaceae
Category:Rhamnaceae genera
{{Rhamnaceae-stub}}
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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Trevoa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trevoa) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trevoa?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.