# Treubaria
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{{Short description|Genus of algae}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Treubaria triappendiculata 410318208.jpg
| image_caption = ''Treubaria triappendiculata''
| taxon = Treubaria
| parent_authority = (Korshikov) Fott
| authority = C.Bernard
| type_species = ''Treubaria triappendiculata'' {{au|C.Bernard}}
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = See text
}}
'''''Treubaria''''' is a [genus](/source/genus) of microscopic [green algae](/source/green_algae), the sole genus in the family '''Treubariaceae'''.[See the [NCBI](/source/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=52684 webpage on Treubaria]. Data extracted from the {{cite web | url=https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/pub/taxonomy/ | title=NCBI taxonomy resources | publisher=[National Center for Biotechnology Information](/source/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information) | access-date=2007-03-19}}] ''Treubaria'' is found in freshwater habitats and has a [cosmopolitan distribution](/source/cosmopolitan_distribution).[
The genus was [circumscribed](/source/circumscription_(taxonomy)) by [Charles Jean Bernard](/source/Charles_Jean_Bernard) in Protococ. Desmid. Eau Douce 5–6, 12, 169 in 1908.
The genus name of ''Treubaria'' is in honour of [Melchior Treub](/source/Melchior_Treub) (1851–1910), who was a Dutch [botanist](/source/botanist). He worked at the [Bogor Botanical Gardens](/source/Bogor_Botanical_Gardens) in [Buitenzorg](/source/Buitenzorg) on the island of [Java](/source/Java), south of [Batavia, Dutch East Indies](/source/Batavia%2C_Dutch_East_Indies), gaining renown for his work on tropical flora.][{{cite book | last=Burkhardt | first=Lotte | title=Eine Enzyklopädie zu eponymischen Pflanzennamen |trans-title=Encyclopedia of eponymic plant names | publisher=Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum, Freie Universität Berlin | year=2022 | isbn=978-3-946292-41-8 | url=https://doi.org/10.3372/epolist2022|format=pdf |language=German |location=Berlin | doi=10.3372/epolist2022 | s2cid=246307410 |access-date=January 27, 2022}}]
==Description==
''Treubaria'' consists of single cells that are [planktonic](/source/planktonic). The [protoplast](/source/protoplast) is 5–22 μm in diameter, spherical to multi-lobed, with 3–4 (sometimes up to 20) hollow, conical or tubular spines (up to 83 μm long) radiating from the cells. Cells are uninucleate when young, but have up to four or five [nuclei](/source/cell_nucleus) when mature. They have one [chloroplast](/source/chloroplast) when young; chloroplasts have one (or multiple) [pyrenoid](/source/pyrenoid)s.[{{AlgaeBase genus|id=43451|name=Treubaria|accessdate=2023-12-08}}]
''Treubaria'' reproduces [asexually](/source/asexual_reproduction); sexual reproduction has not been observed in ''Treubaria''. Asexual reproduction typically occurs through the formation of [autospore](/source/autospore)s; four autospores are produced per cell. One species is known to produce [zoospsore](/source/zoospsore)s. Two, four, or eight zoospores are produced per cell, each with four [flagella](/source/flagella).[
==Classification==
The classification of ''Treubaria'' is currently unclear. Currently, the taxonomy of [green algae](/source/green_algae) is in flux because morphological characteristics do not align with [phylogenetic](/source/phylogenetic) relationships. Phylogenetically, ''Treubaria'' forms a close relationship with ''[Cylindrocapsa](/source/Cylindrocapsa)'', ''[Elakatothrix](/source/Elakatothrix)'', and ''[Trochiscia](/source/Trochiscia)''. All four genera share [ultrastructural](/source/ultrastructural) features such as pyrenoids where the matrix is penetrated by cytoplasmic invaginations, and ''Cylindrocapsa'' produces quadriflagellate zoospores. However, the genera share litle else in common, making a coherent classification difficult.][{{cite journal|doi=10.1046/j.1529-8817.2001.00162.x |title=Phylogeny of the Chlorophyceae with special reference to the Sphaeropleales: a study of 18S and 26S rDNA data |date=2001 |last1=Buchheim |first1=Mark A. |last2=Michalopulos |first2=Eugenia A. |last3=Buchheim |first3=Julie A. |journal=Journal of Phycology |volume=37 |issue=5 |pages=819–835 |bibcode=2001JPcgy..37..819B |s2cid=84617219 |doi-access=free }}]
==Species==
As accepted by [WoRMS](/source/WoRMS);[{{cite web |title=Treubaria C.Bernard, 1908 |url=https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=576713 |website=www.marinespecies.org |publisher=WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species |access-date=25 November 2022}}]
*''[Treubaria crassicornuta](/source/Treubaria_crassicornuta)'' {{Au|Z.-Y.Hu, 1994}}
*''[Treubaria crassispina](/source/Treubaria_crassispina)'' {{Au|G.M.Smith, 1926}}
*''[Treubaria planctonica](/source/Treubaria_planctonica)'' {{Au|(G.M.Smith) Korshikov, 1953}}
*''[Treubaria quadrispina](/source/Treubaria_quadrispina)'' {{Au|(G.M.Smith) Fott & Kovácik, 1975}}
*''[Treubaria schmidlei](/source/Treubaria_schmidlei)'' {{Au|(Schröder) Fott & Kovácik, 1975}}
*''[Treubaria setigera](/source/Treubaria_setigera)'' {{Au|(W.Archer) G.M.Smith, 1933}}
*''[Treubaria triappendiculata](/source/Treubaria_triappendiculata)'' {{Au|C.Bernard, 1908}}
*''[Treubaria umbrina](/source/Treubaria_umbrina)'' {{Au|(G.M.Smith) Fott & Kováčik, 1975}}
Former species;
* ''T. euryacantha'' {{Au|(Schmidle) Korshikov, 1953}} accepted as ''Treubaria triappendiculata''
* ''T. limnetica'' {{Au|(G.M.Smith) Fott & Kovácik, 1975}} accepted as ''Treubaria schmidlei''
* ''T. varia'' {{Au|Tiffany & Ahlstrom, 1931}} accepted as ''Treubaria schmidlei''
Species of ''Treubaria'' are identified based on morphological characteristics such as the shape of the protoplast and the shape and number of spines. However, all species are very [polymorphic](/source/Polymorphism_(biology)) and require further revisions.[
==References==
{{Reflist|1}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q7838887}}
Category:Sphaeropleales genera
Category:Sphaeropleales
Category:Freshwater algae
{{Chlorophyceae-stub}}
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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Treubaria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treubaria) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treubaria?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.
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