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(September 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this message) City and municipality in Veracruz, Mexico Tres Valles City and municipality Coat of arms Location of Tres Valles within Veracruz State Tres Valles Location of Tres Valles within Mexico Coordinates: 18°10′N 96°01′W / 18.167°N 96.017°W / 18.167; -96.017 Country Mexico State Veracruz Region Papaloapan Municipality Tres Valles Government • Mayor José Manuel Díaz Rodríguez Area • Total 378.1 km2 (146.0 sq mi) Elevation 40 m (130 ft) Population (2010) • Total 45 097 • Density 82.3/km2 (213/sq mi) Time zone UTC-6 (CST) • Summer (DST) UTC-5 (CDT) Postal code 95300 Area code 288 Website http://www.tresvalles.gob.mx/ **Tres Valles** (transl. Three valleys) is a town and [municipality](/source/Municipalities_of_Veracruz) in the [Mexican state](/source/List_of_states_of_Mexico) of [Veracruz](/source/Veracruz), created as a [free municipality](/source/Local_government#Mexico) by decree on November 25, 1988. It is located in the lower reaches of the [Papaloapan](/source/Papaloapan), and borders the state of [Oaxaca](/source/Oaxaca) and the towns of [Tierra Blanca](/source/Tierra_Blanca%2C_Veracruz) and [Cosamaloapan](/source/Cosamaloapan). Monument of [Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla](/source/Miguel_Hidalgo_y_Costilla) The main source of income is agriculture, particularly sugar cane cultivation, but rice, corn, beans, pineapples, [sorghum](/source/Sorghum), and mangoes are also grown here. ## Etymology The historical origin of the name Three Valleys is uncertain, but the generally accepted version is that it was named after three valleys in the region: Valle Nacional, the Valley of Tesechoacán (currently José Azueta) and Playa Vicente. The earliest known version of the "Three Valleys" dates from 1962. ### History ### Prehispanic era Approximate territory under jurisdiction of Puctlancingo in the 16th century. This area of the lower Papaloapan was populated primarily by the [Olmec](/source/Olmec), who disappeared for unknown reasons. Later, the area was inhabited by the [Totonac](/source/Totonac_people), from approximately 500–100 BCE. By the time the [Spanish arrived](/source/Spanish_conquest_of_the_Aztec_Empire), the area had been conquered by the Mexicas, as with much of the [Mesoamerican](/source/Mesoamerican) peoples. The current municipality of Tres Valles was divided between the jurisdictions of Cosamaloapan and Puctlancingo, but the only people on record within the current limits were the Puctlancingo, located at the confluence of the [Amapa](/source/Amapa_River) and [Tonto](/source/Tonto_River) rivers. It is likely that there were other small settlements at the time of conquest. A 1584 map showed a hill with ruins called Quateupan south of the Coapilla creek, near the river Tonto. ### Colonial period After the fall of [Tenochtitlan](/source/Tenochtitlan), [Cortés](/source/Hern%C3%A1n_Cort%C3%A9s) sent [Gonzalo de Sandoval](/source/Gonzalo_de_Sandoval) to the conquest of the [Tuxtepec](/source/Tuxtepec) garrison. Achieving his mission, he subjected the people of the Papaloapan basin to the [encomienda](/source/Encomienda) system. Cosamaloapan joined the jurisdiction of the district of Guaspaltepec to form one [corregimiento](/source/Corregimiento) (township). In 1600, Tuxtepec and Puctlancingo were added to the congregation of the province Guaspaltepec. That same year, Guaspaltepec was abandoned, its inhabitants were living in Mixtlan, the head priest moved to Chacaltianguis and the fate of the township was in the air. After the disappearance of Guaspaltepec the district came under the power of Cosamaloapan. In 1786 the [Spanish crown](/source/Monarchy_of_Spain) ordered the creation of the Municipality of Veracruz. The area remained a Canton until 1917. Consequently, the municipality became important for political and administrative organization. ### Foundation Monument to [Miguel Hidalgo](/source/Miguel_Hidalgo) November 21, 1907, is considered the founding date of the city of Tres Valles. However, the exact date is unknown. The earliest record with that date in 1982, when a commemorative monument to [Miguel Hidalgo](/source/Miguel_Hidalgo) was placed in the city's central park. It seems that during the process of building the monument, the date was established. There's also a document dated November 24, 1939, stating that the founding was "32 years ago", that is, around 1907. According to historians the settlement has existed since at least 1900, when a camp was created for builders of the [Pacific Veracruz railway](/source/Ferrocarril_de_Veracruz_al_Istmo). The only relevant fact pointing to this period is the 1907 arrival of the Martinez family, owners of the land where the town was settled. Perhaps this and other facts have survived in the collective memory and over the passage of time, this has become the year considered the foundation of the community. ### Mexican Revolution ### Post-Revolutionary era In 1921, Three Valleys had a population of 791 persons (399 men and 392 women). In 1924, the first school was established (which now houses the School "March 18") which was directed by Prof. "Nacha", originally from Tierra Blanca, Veracruz. It was built by Ignacio Martinez, who also donated the land. Also in 1924, Martinez built the first Catholic chapel, in honor of [Our Lady of Guadalupe](/source/Our_Lady_of_Guadalupe). This location is now the Municipal Agency, as the chapel was stripped during the [Cristero War](/source/Cristero_War). The banana boom ended with the plague the [Sigatoka fungus](/source/Black_sigatoka). Soon after came the [expropriation](/source/Nationalization) of the three banana companies, decreed by President [Lázaro Cárdenas](/source/L%C3%A1zaro_C%C3%A1rdenas), which were merged into the "Transcontinental" company. ## Geography Geographical Maps of Tres Valles hidrología Climas ### Location The municipal territory covers an area of approximately 378.1 km2 (146.0 sq mi), and is located in the south-central area of Veracruz, bounded by 96 ° 01 'and 96 ° 18' west of [Greenwich](/source/Greenwich) and between 18 ° 10 '18 25' north latitude, in the region of Papalopan, between the state of Oaxaca and the towns of Tierra Blanca and Cosamaloapan. ### Hydrography The main rivers are the [Amapa](/source/Amapa_River) and [Tonto](/source/Tonto_River), followed in importance by the Hondo, Mondongo, the Coyote, Zapote, and Jobo. ### Climate Tres Valles has a warm humid climate, with winter rainfall makingup less than 5% of the annual rainfall. The rainy season is in autumn, and June is the hottest month of the year. There is no weather station in the municipality, and the nearest station is in located in Ciudad Alemán. Climate data for CD. Alemán, Veracruz Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high °F 97.7 103.1 107.6 109.4 113.9 112.1 104.0 101.3 102.2 99.5 96.8 95.0 113.9 Mean daily maximum °F 81.1 83.5 89.6 93.9 96.8 93.2 90.7 90.7 89.8 87.4 84.6 81.9 88.5 Mean daily minimum °F 63.0 63.7 67.1 70.7 73.9 74.1 72.7 72.7 72.9 70.9 68.0 64.9 69.6 Record low °F 50.0 32.0 51.8 57.2 64.4 66.2 66.2 66.2 65.3 58.1 54.5 45.5 32.0 Average precipitation inches 1.37 1.07 0.83 1.06 4.09 13.04 16.57 14.95 14.20 6.33 3.26 1.86 78.63 Record high °C 36.5 39.5 42.0 43.0 45.5 44.5 40.0 38.5 39.0 37.5 36.0 35.0 45.5 Mean daily maximum °C 27.3 28.6 32.0 34.4 36.0 34.0 32.6 32.6 32.1 30.8 29.2 27.7 31.4 Mean daily minimum °C 17.2 17.6 19.5 21.5 23.3 23.4 22.6 22.6 22.7 21.6 20.0 18.3 20.9 Record low °C 10.0 0.0 11.0 14.0 18.0 19.0 19.0 19.0 18.5 14.5 12.5 7.5 0.0 Average precipitation mm 34.9 27.2 21.0 27.0 103.9 331.1 420.8 379.8 360.8 160.7 82.8 47.2 1,997.2 [citation needed] ## Demographics Tres Valles is one of the most populated municipalities in the region, behind only [Tierra Blanca](/source/Tierra_Blanca%2C_Veracruz) (94 090) and [Cosamaloapan](/source/Cosamaloapan) (57 336). Its population centres include: Population Centres Population Centre Coordinates Population 2005 Distance from municipal seat(km) Tres Valles 18°14′00″N 96°08′00″W / 18.23333°N 96.13333°W / 18.23333; -96.13333 16030 0 Los Naranjos 18°21′14″N 96°09′59″W / 18.35389°N 96.16639°W / 18.35389; -96.16639 3444 13 Novara 18°12′00″N 96°06′32″W / 18.20000°N 96.10889°W / 18.20000; -96.10889 2650 5 Poblado 3 18°17′24″N 96°05′33″W / 18.29000°N 96.09250°W / 18.29000; -96.09250 2186 7 Col. Obrera 18°15′24″N 96°09′42″W / 18.25667°N 96.16167°W / 18.25667; -96.16167 1821 3 Sources: INEGI ### Ethnic groups According to the results of Population and Housing Census conducted by the [National Institute of Statistics and Geography](/source/Instituto_Nacional_de_Estad%C3%ADstica_y_Geograf%C3%ADa) in 2010, the population over three years in the municipality of Tres Valles is 42,846 inhabitants, of which 3364 belong to an [Indigenous peoples of Mexico | indigenous group], being speakers of any dialect. This represents 7.85% of the population. Dialect Speakers Males Females Chinantecan 1989 895 1094 Mazatecan 804 398 406 Zapotec 48 22 26 Náhuatl 35 17 18 Mixtecan 27 10 17 Mayan 6 6 0 Cuicatec 3 1 2 Ixcatec 2 1 1 Popoluca 2 1 1 Huave 1 1 0 None Specified 43 23 20 Total 2960 1375 1585 Indigeonous Population by Dialect ## Government and administration ### Municipal administration The Three Valleys government consists of a mayor, a trustee, and a [council](/source/Municipal_council) consisting of five council members: two elected by a [relative majority](/source/Relative_majority) and three by [proportional representation](/source/Proportional_representation). The current mayor, Dr. Carlos Alberto Córdova Morales, started office on January 1, 2011, representing the [National Action Party](/source/National_Action_Party_(Mexico)). Municipal Presidents of Tres Valles Period Name Party 1988–1991 Fernando Cano Cano CM 1992–1994 Pedro Aguilar Ibáñez PRI 1995–1997 Helen B. Fernández López PPS 1998–2000 Francisco Ochoa Cortés PRI 2001–2004 Valentín Reyes López Coal. PT–PRD 2005–2007 Adriana Loreto Leal Zatarain Coal. PRD–PT -Convergence 2008–2010 Juan Manuel Maus Martínez Coal. PRI–PVEM ### Legislative Representation #### State The municipality is located in the 18th Electoral District of Veracruz with headquarters in the city of [Cosamaloapan](/source/Cosamaloapan). The current representative is Elena Aguirre Zamorano of [PRI](/source/Partido_Revolucionario_Institucional). #### Federal In the 17th Electoral District of Veracruz, headquartered in Cosamaloapan, the representative is José Luis Álvarez Martínez of PRI. ## Infrastructure ### Highways Principal roads of Tres Valles. The municipal area has many roads, both paved and gravel, used for intra- and inter- municipality travel. #### Federal The main [federal road](/source/Mexican_Federal_Highway) passing through is Highway 145, which connects La Tinaja, Ciudad Alemán, and Sayula. The entire route is a paved two-lane road, crossing through some important towns such as La Granja, Three Valleys and Novara. On this road are the municipality's main industries: the [sugar](/source/Sugar_mill), and [paper mills](/source/Paper_mill), the [pork processor](/source/Slaughterhouse) and rice fields. #### State • Tres Valles – Poblado 3 Road, two lanes and paved. • Tres Valles – Los Naranjos Road, with a paved stretch from Tres Valles to Loma San Juan. • Loma San Juan – Los Naranjos Road, two-laned dirt road. #### Interstate • La Granja – [Temascal](/source/Temascal_or_Nuevo_Soyaltepec) Road, two-laned and paved. ## Popular festivals •Last week of March and beginning of April: The Festival of Flowers •April: [Carnival](/source/Carnival) •November 20: [Feast of Christ the King](/source/Feast_of_Christ_the_King) •Last week of November: Agricultural, Livestock, Cultural and Industrial Fair. ## Notable people **Ignacio Martínez Gutiérrez** Ignacio Martínes. Born in 1884 and died in 1966. Son of Dona Refugio Gutierrez Gil and Jesús Martínez Ochoa, a native of [Chavinda](/source/Chavinda), [Michoacán](/source/Michoac%C3%A1n). Former Tres Valles Municipal Agent. When [smallpox](/source/Smallpox) lashed the region, he founded the school which would later be called ["March 18"](/source/Mexican_oil_expropriation). He married Dona Trinidad Hernández Huerta of [Tehuacan](/source/Tehuac%C3%A1n%2C_Puebla), [Puebla](/source/Puebla) on May 25, 1906, in the parish of San Juan Bautista, San Juan de la Punta, now [Cuitlahuac](/source/Cuitlahuac%2C_Veracruz). From there they moved to the Tres Valles area, taking possession of 2,500 acres (10 km2) of land, where he created a [plantation](/source/Plantation) and founded Tres Valles. He had several sons and daughters, some of whom chose the priesthood, including Father Jesus ([Otatitlán](/source/Otatitl%C3%A1n%2C_Veracruz) pastor for many years), Ignacio (Brother Marist) and Father Gabriel Martinez (pastor of Tres Valles). **Gabriel Martínez Hernández** Born on January 6, 1921, known as Father Gabriel. At an early age he went to study at a [boarding school](/source/Boarding_school) with his older brothers at a [Marist](/source/Society_of_Mary_(Marists)) College in [Tlalpan, Mexico](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tlalpan,_Mexico&action=edit&redlink=1), where he heard the call of God at 13 years, thereby going to a [seminary](/source/Seminary) in 1933. He was ordained priest in the parish of San Miguel de Orizaba, Veracruz, on March 25, 1944, and was sent to service the ministry entrusted to him, the people of [Naolinco, Veracruz](/source/Naolinco%2C_Veracruz), where he spent two and a half years. Subsequently appointed by the bishop as the [Vicar](/source/Vicar) of Tres Valles on September 21, 1946. He came to the city as a spiritual father on 22 October of that year. Conditions for undertaking the mission of [evangelization](/source/Evangelization) in the town of Tres Valles were unfavorable, because the authorities in times of religious persecution were given the task of abolishing the faith of the people. The people themselves were excited to have a spiritual guide. Tres Valles only had a rustic chapel in the outskirts of the city, so there was the need to erect a chapel in a central location. This was built on December 5, 1976, on the land opposite the park. **Francisco Sánchez Contreras** Born in Tres Valles on September 23, 1938. With a degree in Law from the [University of Veracruz](/source/University_of_Veracruz). In 1963 he served as a promoter of civic activities of the Department of Social Action. In 1969 was appointed Organising Secretary of the CDE, PRI. He has published several articles on socio-political topics. On February 16, 1987, he served as Secretary of the Joint Land Commission. He died on May 30, 2011, in [Xalapa, Veracruz](/source/Xalapa%2C_Veracruz). **Ignacio Villaseñor Arano** Born in Tres Valles on December 6, 1942. With degrees in International Relations from [UNAM](/source/UNAM) and the [Catholic University of Leuven](/source/Catholic_University_of_Leuven_(1834%E2%80%931968)). In 1973 he became Deputy Director General of the [Foreign Service](/source/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Mexico), and in 1976 he became the Deputy Director General of Foreign Service and Director of the [Mexican Embassy in Britain](/source/Mexico_%E2%80%93_United_Kingdom_relations) in 1977. He became Managing Director of Regional Organizations in 1979. In 1982 he was minister and chargé d'affaires in the [U.S.](/source/Mexico_%E2%80%93_United_States_relations) and then Senior Director for Bilateral Affairs, and became Ambassador to [Ecuador](/source/Ecuador) in 1989. He has been decorated by many countries. ## Economy ### Industry #### Sugar Mill The Tres Valles [sugar mill](/source/Sugar_mill) was built by the Federal Government in 1978 to meet the requirements of refined sugar in the production of [soft drinks](/source/Soft_drinks). It has been operated since 1988 by PIASA and has a milling capacity of approximately 11,000 tons of [cane](/source/Sugar_cane) a day, generating more than 1500 tons of sugar per 24 hours. #### Pulp and Paper On June 22, 1972, saw the creation of Papel Periódico on the instructions of then-president of Mexico, [Luis Echeverría Álvarez](/source/Luis_Echeverr%C3%ADa_%C3%81lvarez), for the manufacture of [newsprint](/source/Newsprint), using sugarcane as the basic raw material. ### Agriculture #### Sugarcane Tres Valles is the largest producer of sugarcane in the state and the [fifth largest nationally](/source/Economy_of_Mexico#Agriculture). According to [SAGARPA](/source/SAGARPA). In 2009, 28,000 hectares were under cultivation with 24,000 being crushed by the Tres Valles [mill](/source/Mill_(grinding)). The sugar industry is the most important generator of jobs in the local economy, and the main source of income for at least 14,000 people. #### Rice Within Mexico, Veracruz and [Campeche](/source/Campeche) are the major producers of rice. Tres Valles is the largest producer of rice in the state of Veracruz and the first nationally. #### Other As an extremely fertile municipality, there are many agricultural products grown for personal consumption or for sale. These include: State Position Product Area under cultivation (Hectares) Production (Tonnes) Value (Mexican Pesos) 83 Corn 1 330.00 2940.00 5 810 880 7 Sorghum 750.00 2100.00 3 150 000 9 Pineapples 30.00 1245.00 3 703 880 ## Tourism Catholic Church of Christ the King. The most important buildings are the Three Valleys Municipal Palace (built after 1988) and the parish church of Christ the King. Monuments include: a statue of Don [Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla](/source/Miguel_Hidalgo_y_Costilla), a bust of [Benito Juárez](/source/Benito_Ju%C3%A1rez), the "Father of the Americas", a bust of [Emiliano Zapata](/source/Emiliano_Zapata), and a monument dedicated to mothers. ## Gastronomy Tres Valles has extensive gastronomic heritage, which over the years has been enriched by the influence of the [Chinantec](/source/Chinantecan_languages) and [Mazatec people](/source/Mazatec_people) who have settled in this county. Delicacies include: the corn [tamale](/source/Tamale) with both fresh and red sauce, pudding, coconut candies, sweet cocoa, rice, dumplings, and stuffed [plantains](/source/Plantain_(cooking)). ## References ## External links - [Official Municipal page (Spanish)](http://www.3valles.com.mx) - [State Government page (Spanish)](https://web.archive.org/web/20010422095108/http://www.tresvalles.gob.mx/) v t e State of Veracruz Xalapa (capital) Municipalities of Veracruz Huasteca Alta Region Chalma Chiconamel Chinampa de Gorostiza El Higo Naranjos Amatlán Ozuluama de Mascareñas Pánuco Platón Sánchez Pueblo Viejo Tamalín Tamiahua Tampico Alto Tantima Tantoyuca Tempoal de Sánchez Huasteca Baja Region Álamo Temapache Benito Juárez Castillo de Teayo Cerro Azul Chicontepec de Tejeda Chontla Citlaltépetl Huayacocotla Ilamatlán Ixcatepec Ixhuatlán de Madero Tancoco Tepetzintla Texcatepec Tlachichilco Tuxpan Zacualpan Zontecomatlán de López y Fuentes Totonaca Region Cazones de Herrera Chumatlán Coahuitlán Coatzintla Coxquihui Coyutla Espinal Filomeno Mata Gutiérrez Zamora Mecatlán Papantla Poza Rica Tecolutla Tihuatlán Zozocolco de Hidalgo Nautla Region Atzalán Colipa Juchique de Ferrer Martínez de la Torre Misantla Nautla San Rafael Tenochtitlán Tlapacoyan Vega de Alatorre Yecuatla Capital Region Acajete Acatlán Actopan Alto Lucero Altotonga Apazapan Ayahualulco Banderilla Chiconquiaco Coacoatzintla Coatepec Cosautlán de Carvajal Emiliano Zapata (Dos Ríos) Ixhuacán Jalacingo Jalcomulco Jilotepec Landero y Coss Las Minas Las Vigas de Ramírez Miahuatlán Naolinco Perote Rafael Lucio Tatatila Teocelo Tepetlán Tlacolulan Tlalnelhuayocan Tonayán Villa Aldama Xalapa Xico Sotavento Region Boca del Río Cotaxtla Jamapa La Antigua (José Cardel) Manlio Fabio Altamirano Medellín Paso de Ovejas Puente Nacional Soledad de Doblado Tlalixcoyan Úrsulo Galván Veracruz Mountains Region Acultzingo Alpatláhuac Amatlán de los Reyes Aquila Astacinga Atlahuilco Atoyac Atzacan Calcahualco Camarón de Tejeda Camerino Z. Mendoza Carrillo Puerto (Tamarindo) Chocamán Coetzala Comapa Córdoba Coscomatepec Cuichapa Cuitláhuac Fortín de las Flores Huatusco Huiloapan de Cuauhtémoc Ixhuatlán del Café Ixhuatlancillo Ixtaczoquitlán La Perla Los Reyes Magdalena Maltrata Mariano Escobedo Mixtla de Altamirano Naranjal Nogales Omealca Orizaba Paso del Macho Rafael Delgado Río Blanco San Andrés Tenejapan Sochiapa Soledad Atzompa Tehuipango Tenampa Tepatlaxco Tequila Texhuacán Tezonapa Tlacotepec de Mejía Tlaltetela Tlaquilpa Tlilapan Tomatlán Totutla Xoxocotla Yanga Zentla Zongolica Papaloapan Region Acula Ángel R. Cabada Alvarado Amatitlán Carlos A. Carrillo Chacaltianguis Cosamaloapan de Carpio Ignacio de la Llave Isla Ixmatlahuacan José Azueta Juan Rodríguez Clara Lerdo de Tejada Otatitlán Playa Vicente Saltabarranca Santiago Sochiapan (Xochiapa) Tierra Blanca Tlacojalpan Tlacotalpan Tres Valles Tuxtilla Los Tuxtlas Region Catemaco San Andrés Tuxtla Santiago Tuxtla Hueyapan de Ocampo Olmeca Region Acayucan Agua Dulce Chinameca Coatzacoalcos Cosoleacaque Hidalgotitlán Ixhuatlán del Sureste Jáltipan Jesús Carranza Las Choapas Mecayapan Minatitlán Moloacán Nanchital Oluta Oteapan Pajapan San Juan Evangelista Sayula de Alemán Soconusco Soteapan Tatahuicapan Texistepec Uxpanapa Zaragoza Authority control databases International VIAF National United States Other Yale LUX --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Tres Valles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tres_Valles) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tres_Valles?action=history)). 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