# Traponora

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{{Short description|Genus of lichens}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image =
| image_caption =
| taxon = Traponora
| authority = [Aptroot](/source/Andr%C3%A9_Aptroot) (1997)
| type_species = ''[Traponora asterella](/source/Traponora_asterella)''
| type_species_authority = Aptroot (1997)
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =''[T. asterella](/source/Traponora_asterella)''<br />
''[T. flavothallina](/source/Traponora_flavothallina)''<br />
''[T. fusca](/source/Traponora_fusca)''<br />
''[T. globosa](/source/Traponora_globosa)''<br />
''[T. macrospora](/source/Traponora_macrospora)''<br />
''[T. pallida](/source/Traponora_pallida)''<br />
''[T. varians](/source/Traponora_varians)''
}}

'''''Traponora''''' is a [genus](/source/genus) of [lichen](/source/lichen)-forming [fungi](/source/fungi) in the family [Lecanoraceae](/source/Lecanoraceae).<ref name="Wijayawardene et al. 2020"/> The genus was [circumscribed](/source/circumscription_(taxonomy)) in 2009 by Dutch lichenologist [André Aptroot](/source/Andr%C3%A9_Aptroot), with the Papua New Guinean ''[Traponora asterella](/source/Traponora_asterella)'' assigned as the [type](/source/type_species), and at that time, only species.<ref name="Aptroot et al. 1997"/> Four newly described species were added to the genus in a 2009 publication,<ref name="Aptroot 2009"/> a species formerly in ''[Pyrrhospora](/source/Pyrrhospora)'' was transferred to the genus in 2017,<ref name="Kalb & Kalb 2017"/> and a new species from Australia added in 2018.<ref name="Kalb & Aptroot 2018"/> ''Traponora'' lichens are predominantly from Australasia, with all species but one known to occur in Papua New Guinea.<ref name="Aptroot 2010"/>

==Description==
''Traponora'' species are small, inconspicuous lichens that grow on trees, and are often overlooked because of their diminutive size—with a [thallus](/source/thallus) typically less than {{convert|2|cm|in|abbr=on|1}}. ''Traponora'' produces small, lecideoid [apothecia](/source/apothecia), meaning they lack [alga](/source/alga)e and an amphithecium, and are typically black with a carbonaceous exciple (rim) and blackish disc. The apothecia often have a ragged margin, like those of genus ''[Trapelia](/source/Trapelia)'', for which the genus are named. The [asci](/source/ascus) are of the ''[Lecanora](/source/Lecanora)''-type, and the [ascospore](/source/ascospore)s are simple and thick walled. Although the genus has been tentatively assigned to the family [Lecanoraceae](/source/Lecanoraceae) owing to similarities in ascus structure, its true [phylogenetic](/source/phylogenetic) affiliations are not yet known with certainty.<ref name="Aptroot 2009"/>

==Species==
{{As of|2021|November}}, [Species Fungorum](/source/Species_Fungorum) accepts seven species of ''Traponora''.<ref name="CoL-Species Fungorum"/>

*''[Traponora asterella](/source/Traponora_asterella)'' {{small|Aptroot (1997)}} – pantropical
*''[Traponora flavothallina](/source/Traponora_flavothallina)'' {{small|Kalb & Aptroot (2018)}}<ref name="Kalb & Aptroot 2018"/> – Australia
*''[Traponora fusca](/source/Traponora_fusca)'' {{small|Aptroot (2010)}}<ref name="Aptroot 2010"/> – Taiwan; Philippines
*''[Traponora globosa](/source/Traponora_globosa)'' {{small|Aptroot (2010)}}<ref name="Aptroot 2010"/> – Papua New Guinea
*''[Traponora macrospora](/source/Traponora_macrospora)'' {{small|Aptroot (2010)}}<ref name="Aptroot 2010"/> – Papua New Guinea
*''[Traponora pallida](/source/Traponora_pallida)'' {{small|Aptroot (2010)}}<ref name="Aptroot 2010"/> – Papua New Guinea
*''[Traponora varians](/source/Traponora_varians)'' {{small|(Ach.) J.Kalb & Kalb (2017)}}<ref name="Kalb & Kalb 2017"/> – Thailand

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em|refs=

<ref name="Aptroot et al. 1997">{{cite book |last1=Aptroot |first1=André |last2=Diederich |first2=Paul |last3=Sérusiaux |first3=Emmanuel |last4=Sipman |first4=Harrie J.M. |year=1997 |title=Lichens and lichenicolous fungi from New Guinea |series=Bibliotheca Lichenologica |volume=64 |page=199 |publisher=J. Cramer |location=Berlin/Stuttgart |isbn=978-3-443-58043-8}}</ref>

<ref name="Aptroot 2009">{{cite book |last1=Aptroot |first1=A. |year=2009 |chapter=The lichen genus ''Traponora'' |series=Bibliotheca Lichenologica |title=Diversity of Lichenology – Anniversary Volume |volume=100 |pages=21–30 |publisher=J. Cramer |isbn=978-3-443-58079-7}}</ref>

<ref name="Aptroot 2010">{{cite journal |last1=Aptroot |first1=A. |year=2010 |title=Validation of ''Traponora'' species |journal=Australasian Lichenology |volume=66 |page=58 |url=https://www.anbg.gov.au/abrs/lichenlist/AL_66.pdf}}</ref>

<ref name="CoL-Species Fungorum">{{cite web |author=Source dataset. [Species Fungorum](/source/Species_Fungorum) Plus: Species Fungorum for CoL+ |title=''Traponora'' |url=https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/63VQJ |work=[Catalog of Life](/source/Catalog_of_Life) Version 2021-11-09 |access-date=29 November 2021}}</ref>

<ref name="Kalb & Kalb 2017">{{cite journal |last1=Kalb |first1=J. |last2=Kalb |first2=K. |year=2017 |title=New lichen species from Thailand, new combinations and new additions to the Thai lichen biota |journal=Phytotaxa |volume=332 |issue=2 |pages=141–156|doi=10.11646/phytotaxa.332.2.2 }}</ref>

<ref name="Kalb & Aptroot 2018">{{cite journal |last1=Kalb |first1=K. |last2=Aptroot |first2=A. |year=2018 |title=Six new lichen species from Australia |journal=Australasian Lichenology |volume=82 |pages=84–91 |url=https://www.anbg.gov.au/abrs/lichenlist/AL82.pdf}}</ref>

<ref name="Wijayawardene et al. 2020">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |last1=Wijayawardene |first1=Nalin |last2=Hyde |first2=Kevin |first3=Laith Khalil Tawfeeq |last3=Al-Ani |last4=Somayeh |first4=Dolatabadi |last5=Stadler |first5=Marc |last6=Haelewaters |first6=Danny |last7=Tsurykau |first7=Andrei |last8=Mesic |first8=Armin |last9=Navathe |first9=Sudhir |last10=Papp |first10=Viktor |last11=Oliveira Fiuza |first11=Patrícia |last12=Vázquez |first12=Víctor |last13=Gautam |first13=Ajay |last14=Becerra |first14=Alejandra G. |last15=Ekanayaka |first15=Anusha |last16=K. C. |first16=Rajeshkumar |last17=Bezerra |first17=Jadson |last18=Matočec |first18=Neven |last19=Maharachchikumbura |first19=Sajeewa |last20=Suetrong |first20=Satinee |year=2020 |title=Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa |journal=Mycosphere |volume=11 |pages=1060–1456 |doi=10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8 |doi-access=free|hdl=10481/61998 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>

}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q7835595}}

Category:Lecanoraceae
Category:Lecanorales genera
Category:Lichen genera
Category:Taxa named by André Aptroot
Category:Taxa described in 1997

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Traponora](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traponora) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traponora?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.