# Transrepression

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{{short description|Molecular biological process}}
In the field of [molecular biology](/source/molecular_biology), '''transrepression''' is a process whereby one [protein](/source/protein) represses (i.e., inhibits) the activity of a second protein through a [protein-protein interaction](/source/protein-protein_interaction). Since this repression occurs between two different protein molecules ([intermolecular](/source/intermolecular)), it is referred to as a [trans-acting](/source/trans-acting) process.

The protein that is repressed is usually a [transcription factor](/source/transcription_factor) whose function is to up-regulate (i.e., increase) the rate of [gene transcription](/source/transcription_(genetics)).  Hence the net result of transrepression is down regulation of gene transcription.

An example of transrepression is the ability of the [glucocorticoid receptor](/source/glucocorticoid_receptor) to inhibit the transcriptional promoting activity of the [AP-1](/source/AP-1_transcription_factor) and [NF-κB](/source/NF-%CE%BAB) transcription factors.<ref name="pmid2118106">{{Cite journal| vauthors = Lucibello FC, Slater EP, Jooss KU, Beato M, Müller R | title = Mutual transrepression of Fos and the glucocorticoid receptor: involvement of a functional domain in Fos which is absent in FosB | journal = EMBO J. | volume = 9 | issue = 9 | pages = 2827–34 |date=September 1990 | pmid = 2118106 | pmc = 551994 | doi = 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07471.x}}</ref><ref name="A 276575">{{Cite journal|pmid=12130681|date=Aug 2002|author=Lin, Cw|author2=Nakane, M|author3=Stashko, M|author4=Falls, D|author5=Kuk, J|author6=Miller, L|author7=Huang, R|author8=Tyree, C|author9=Miner, Jn|author10=Rosen, J|author11=Kym, Pr|author12=Coghlan, Mj|author13=Carter, G|author14=Lane, Bc|title=trans-Activation and repression properties of the novel nonsteroid glucocorticoid receptor ligand 2,5-dihydro-9-hydroxy-10-methoxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-5-(1-methylcyclohexen-3-y1)-1H-1benzopyrano3,4-fquinoline (A276575) and its four stereoisomers|volume=62|issue=2|pages=297–303|issn=0026-895X|journal=Molecular Pharmacology|url=http://molpharm.aspetjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=12130681|format=Free full text|doi=10.1124/mol.62.2.297|url-access=subscription}}</ref>  In addition to [transactivation](/source/transactivation), transrepression is an important pathway for the [anti-inflammatory](/source/anti-inflammatory) effects of [glucocorticoid](/source/glucocorticoid)s.<ref name="pmid16942889">{{Cite journal| vauthors = Pascual G, Glass CK | title = Nuclear receptors versus inflammation: mechanisms of transrepression | journal = Trends Endocrinol. Metab. | volume = 17 | issue = 8 | pages = 321–7 |date=October 2006 | pmid = 16942889 | doi = 10.1016/j.tem.2006.08.005 | s2cid = 19612552 }}</ref><ref name="pmid17622575">{{Cite journal| vauthors = Newton R, Holden NS | title = Separating transrepression and transactivation: a distressing divorce for the glucocorticoid receptor? | journal = Mol. Pharmacol. | volume = 72 | issue = 4 | pages = 799–809 |date=October 2007 | pmid = 17622575 | doi = 10.1124/mol.107.038794 | s2cid = 52803631 }}</ref> Other [nuclear receptor](/source/nuclear_receptor)s such as [LXR](/source/Liver_X_receptor) and [PPAR](/source/Peroxisome_proliferator-activated_receptor) have been demonstrated to also have the ability to transrepress the activity of other proteins.<ref name="pmid17218271">{{Cite journal| vauthors = Ghisletti S, Huang W, Ogawa S, Pascual G, Lin ME, Willson TM, Rosenfeld MG, Glass CK | title = Parallel SUMOylation-dependent pathways mediate gene- and signal-specific transrepression by LXRs and PPARγ | journal = Mol. Cell | volume = 25 | issue = 1 | pages = 57–70 |date=January 2007 | pmid = 17218271 | pmc = 1850387 | doi = 10.1016/j.molcel.2006.11.022 }}</ref>

==See also==
*[Selective glucocorticoid receptor agonist](/source/Selective_glucocorticoid_receptor_agonist)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

Category:Molecular biology

{{Molecular-biology-stub}}

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Transrepression](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transrepression) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transrepression?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.