# Trachymyrmex

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***Trachymyrmex*** is a [genus](/source/Genus) of [fungus-growing ants](/source/Fungus-growing_ants) in the [subfamily](/source/Subfamily) [Myrmicinae](/source/Myrmicinae). The genus is mainly tropical in distribution, with most species being found in Central and South America.[2]

The [queens](/source/Queen_ant) of the species appear to mate with only one male on their [nuptial flight](/source/Nuptial_flight).[3]

## Species

A number of species were moved from *Trachymyrmex* based on molecular phylogeny by Solomon *et al.* 2019. Of the species formerly included, nine were retained in *Trachymyrmex*, while 31 of the species were moved to the new genus *[Mycetomoellerius](/source/Mycetomoellerius)*, and an additional nine moved to *[Paratrachymyrmex](/source/Paratrachymyrmex)*.[4]

*Trachymyrmex* species

- *[T. arizonensis](/source/Trachymyrmex_arizonensis)* (Wheeler, 1907)
- *[T. carinatus](/source/Trachymyrmex_carinatus)* Mackay & MacKay, 1997
- *[T. desertorum](/source/Trachymyrmex_desertorum)* (Wheeler, 1911)
- *[T. nogalensis](/source/Trachymyrmex_nogalensis)* Byars, 1951
- *[T. pakawa](/source/Trachymyrmex_pakawa)* Sánchez-Peña *et al*, 2018
- *[T. pomonae](/source/Trachymyrmex_pomonae)* Rabeling *et al*, 2007
- *[T. saussurei](/source/Trachymyrmex_saussurei)* (Forel, 1885)
- *[T. septentrionalis](/source/Trachymyrmex_septentrionalis)* (McCook, 1881)
- *[T. smithi](/source/Trachymyrmex_smithi)* Buren, 1944

Species moved to *Mycetomoellerius*

- *[T. agudensis](/source/Mycetomoellerius_agudensis)* (Kempf, 1967)
- *[T. atlanticus](/source/Mycetomoellerius_atlanticus)* (Mayhé-Nunes & Brandão, 2007)
- *[T. cirratus](/source/Mycetomoellerius_cirratus)* Mayhé-Nunes & Brandão, 2005
- *[T. compactus](/source/Mycetomoellerius_compactus)* Mayhé-Nunes & Brandão, 2002
- *[T. dichrous](/source/Mycetomoellerius_dichrous)* Kempf, 1967
- *[T. echinus](/source/Mycetomoellerius_echinus)* Weber, 1938
- *[T. farinosus](/source/Mycetomoellerius_farinosus)* (Emery, 1894)
- *[T. fiebrigi](/source/Mycetomoellerius_fiebrigi)* (Santschi, 1916)
- *[T. gaigei](/source/Mycetomoellerius_gaigei)* (Forel, 1914)
- *[T. guianensis](/source/Mycetomoellerius_guianensis)* Weber, 1937
- *[T. haytianus](/source/Mycetomoellerius_haytianus)* (Wheeler & Mann, 1914)
- *[T. holmgreni](/source/Mycetomoellerius_holmgreni)* Wheeler, 1925
- *[T. iheringi](/source/Mycetomoellerius_iheringi)* (Emery, 1888)
- *[T. isthmicus](/source/Mycetomoellerius_isthmicus)* Santschi, 1931
- *[T. ixyodus](/source/Mycetomoellerius_ixyodus)* Mayhé-Nunes & Brandão, 2007
- *[T. jamaicensis](/source/Mycetomoellerius_jamaicensis)* (André, 1893)
- *[T. kempfi](/source/Mycetomoellerius_kempfi)* Fowler, 1982
- *[T. oetkeri](/source/Mycetomoellerius_oetkeri)* (Forel, 1908)
- *[T. opulentus](/source/Mycetomoellerius_opulentus)* (Mann, 1922) (jr syn **T. wheeleri*)
- *[T. papulatus](/source/Mycetomoellerius_papulatus)* Santschi, 1922
- †*[T. primaevus](/source/Mycetomoellerius_primaevus)* Baroni Urbani, 1980
- *[T. pruinosus](/source/Mycetomoellerius_pruinosus)* (Emery, 1906)
- *[T. relictus](/source/Mycetomoellerius_relictus)* Borgmeier, 1934
- *[T. ruthae](/source/Mycetomoellerius_ruthae)* Weber, 1937
- *[T. squamulifer](/source/Mycetomoellerius_squamulifer)* (Emery, 1896)
- *[T. tucumanus](/source/Mycetomoellerius_tucumanus)* (Forel, 1914)
- *[T. turrifex](/source/Mycetomoellerius_turrifex)* (Wheeler, 1903)
- *[T. urichii](/source/Mycetomoellerius_urichii)* (Forel, 1893)
- *[T. verrucosus](/source/Mycetomoellerius_verrucosus)* Borgmeier, 1948
- *[T. zeteki](/source/Mycetomoellerius_zeteki)* Weber, 1940

Species moved to *Paratrachymyrmex*

- *[T. bugnioni](/source/Paratrachymyrmex_bugnioni)* (Forel, 1912)
- *[T. carib](/source/Paratrachymyrmex_carib)* (Weber, 1945)
- *[T. cornetzi](/source/Paratrachymyrmex_cornetzi)* (Forel, 1912)
- *[T. diversus](/source/Paratrachymyrmex_diversus)* (Mann, 1916)
- *[T. intermedius](/source/Paratrachymyrmex_intermedius)* (Forel, 1909) (Type)
- *[T. irmgardae](/source/Paratrachymyrmex_irmgardae)* (Forel, 1912)
- *[T. levis](/source/Paratrachymyrmex_levis)* (Weber, 1938)
- *[T. mandibularis](/source/Paratrachymyrmex_mandibularis)* (Weber, 1938)
- *[T. phaleratus](/source/Paratrachymyrmex_phaleratus)* (Wheeler, 1925)

## References

1. ["Genus: *Trachymyrmex*"](http://www.antweb.org/description.do?name=Trachymyrmex&rank=genus&project=allantwebants). *antweb.org*. [AntWeb](/source/AntWeb). Retrieved 13 October 2013.

1. Rabeling, Christian; Cover, Stefan P; Johnson, Robert A; Mueller, Ulrich G (2007). "A review of the North American species of the fungus-gardening ant genus *Trachymyrmex* (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)". *[Zootaxa](/source/Zootaxa)*. **1664**: 1–53. [doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1664.1.1](https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1664.1.1)

1. Murakami, T.; Higashi, Seigo; Windsor, Donald (2000-09-01). "Mating frequency, colony size, polyethism and sex ratio in fungus-growing ants (Attini)". *Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology*. **48** (4): 276–284. [Bibcode:2000BEcoS..48..276M](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2000BEcoS..48..276M). [doi:10.1007/s002650000243](https://doi.org/10.1007/s002650000243). [ISSN 1432-0762](https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1432-0762). [S2CID 11870497](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:11870497)

1. Solomon, S. E.; Rabeling, C.; Sosa-Calvo, J.; Lopes, C. T.; Rodrigues, A.; Vasconcelos, H. L.; Bacci, M. Jr.; Mueller, U. G.; Schultz, T. R. (2019). "The molecular phylogenetics of *Trachymyrmex* Forel ants and their fungal cultivars provide insights into the origin and coevolutionary history of 'higher-attine' ant agriculture". *Systematic Entomology*. **44** (4): 939–956. [Bibcode:2019SysEn..44..939S](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019SysEn..44..939S). [doi:10.1111/syen.12370](https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12370). [S2CID 202854839](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:202854839)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Trachymyrmex](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trachymyrmex) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trachymyrmex?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.