# TrES-2A

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Main sequence star in the constellation Draco

GSC 03549-02811 GSC 03549-02811 as seen from the Kepler spacecraft. Celestial north is to the left. Observation data Epoch J2000.0 Equinox ICRS Constellation Draco[1] TrES-2A Right ascension 19h 07m 14.0376s[2] Declination +49° 18′ 59.091″[2] Apparent magnitude (V) 11.41[3] Characteristics TrES-2A Evolutionary stage main sequence[2] Spectral type G0V[3] Apparent magnitude (B) ~12.030[4] Apparent magnitude (V) 11.411±0.005[4] Apparent magnitude (I) 11.07[5] Apparent magnitude (Z) 11.04[5] Apparent magnitude (J) 10.232±0.020[6] Apparent magnitude (H) 9.920±0.026[6] Apparent magnitude (K) 9.846±0.022[6] Variable type Planetary transit[3] TrES-2C Spectral type K[5] Apparent magnitude (I) 14.73[5] Apparent magnitude (Z) 14.47[5] Astrometry Radial velocity (Rv) 1.20±1.21[2] km/s Proper motion (μ) RA: 5.434(15) mas/yr[2] Dec.: 1.572(16) mas/yr[2] Parallax (π) 4.6308±0.0116 mas[2] Distance 704 ± 2 ly (215.9 ± 0.5 pc) Details[7] TrES-2A Mass 0.983+0.059 −0.063 M☉ Radius 1.003±0.033 R☉ Temperature 5850±50 K Metallicity [Fe/H] −0.15±0.10 dex Rotational velocity (v sin i) 2.0±1.5 km/s Age 5.0+2.7 −2.1 Gyr TrES-2C Mass 0.67[5] M☉ Other designations TrES-2 Parent Star, V581 Dra, WDS J19072+4919AB, Kepler-1, KOI-1, KIC 11446443, TOI-2140, TIC 399860444, TYC 3549-2811-1, GSC 03549-02811, 2MASS J19071403+4918590[4] Database references SIMBAD TrES-2A TrES-2C Exoplanet Archive data

**GSC 03549-02811** (sometimes referred to as **Kepler-1**, or either **TrES-2A** or **TrES-2 parent star** in reference to its [exoplanet](/source/Exoplanet) [TrES-2b](/source/TrES-2b))[8] is a [binary star](/source/Binary_star) system containing a [G-type](/source/G-type_main-sequence_star) [main-sequence](/source/Main_sequence) [star](/source/Star) similar to the [Sun](/source/Sun). This star is located approximately 704 [light-years](/source/Light-year) away in the [constellation](/source/Constellation) of [Draco](/source/Draco_(constellation)). The [apparent magnitude](/source/Apparent_magnitude) of this star is 11.41, which means it is not visible to the [naked eye](/source/Naked_eye) but can be seen with a medium-sized [amateur telescope](/source/Amateur_telescope) on a clear dark night. The age of this star is about 5 billion years.[4]

## Nomenclature

The designation GSC 03549-02811 comes from the [Guide Star Catalog](/source/Guide_Star_Catalog).

The star is often called TrES-2,[9] in reference to its planet discovered by the [Trans-Atlantic Exoplanet Survey](/source/Trans-Atlantic_Exoplanet_Survey) (TrES). The discovery paper[3] and the [SIMBAD](/source/SIMBAD) database[4] use this designation for the planet itself, but other sources call the star TrES-2 (or TrES-2A)[10] and the planet TrES-2b,[11] following the standard [exoplanet naming convention](/source/Exoplanet_naming_convention). In keeping with the planet being component b, the companion star is designated TrES-2C, although it is also designated Kepler-1B.[4]

The planet was also observed by the [Kepler space telescope](/source/Kepler_space_telescope), and so the star is also known as Kepler-1.[4] Since the planet [transits](/source/Astronomical_transit) the star, the star is classified as a [planetary transit variable](/source/Planetary_transit_variable) and has received the [variable star designation](/source/Variable_star_designation) V581 Draconis.[12]

## Binary star

In 2008 a study was undertaken of fourteen stars with exoplanets that were originally discovered using the [transit method](/source/Methods_of_detecting_extrasolar_planets#Transit_method) through relatively small telescopes. These systems were re-examined with the 2.2M [reflector telescope](/source/Reflector_telescope) at the [Calar Alto Observatory](/source/Calar_Alto_Observatory) in [Spain](/source/Spain). This star system, along with two others, was determined to be a previously unknown [binary star](/source/Binary_star) system. The previously unknown secondary star is a dim [magnitude](/source/Apparent_magnitude) 15 [K-type](/source/Stellar_classification#Class_K) star separated by about 232 [AU](/source/Astronomical_unit) from the primary, appearing offset from the primary by about one arc second in the images. This discovery resulted in a significant recalculation of parameters for both the planet and the primary star.[5]

## Planetary system

A [light curve](/source/Light_curve) for TrES-2A, plotted from *[TESS](/source/Transiting_Exoplanet_Survey_Satellite)* data[13]

In 2006, the exoplanet [TrES-2b](/source/TrES-2b) was discovered by the [Trans-Atlantic Exoplanet Survey](/source/Trans-Atlantic_Exoplanet_Survey) using the [transit method](/source/Methods_of_detecting_extrasolar_planets#Transit_method). It was also within the [field of view](/source/Kepler_Mission#Known_extrasolar_planets_in_Kepler.27s_field_of_view) of the [Kepler Mission](/source/Kepler_Mission) planet-hunter spacecraft.[3] This system continues to be studied by other projects and the parameters are continuously improved.[14] The planet orbits the primary star.[5]

TrES-2b is a [hot Jupiter](/source/Hot_Jupiter), with a mass and size similar to those of [Jupiter](/source/Jupiter) but an [orbital period](/source/Orbital_period) of only two days. Its orbit is [prograde](/source/Retrograde_and_prograde_motion) relative to its star's rotation.[11] In 2011, TrES-2b was found to have a very low [albedo](/source/Albedo), reflecting less than 1 percent of the light from its star, making it the darkest known exoplanet at the time. However, it also emits a significant amount of light because its surface temperature is so hot that it glows red.[15] Due to its close orbit, it is assumed to be [tidally locked](/source/Tidal_locking) to its parent star.[16]

The TrES-2A planetary system[17][5] Companion (in order from star) Mass Semimajor axis (AU) Orbital period (days) Eccentricity Inclination (°) Radius b 1.199(52) MJ 0.03555(75) 2.4706133738(187) 0 (assumed) 83.908(9) 1.189(25) RJ

## The Kepler mission

Main article: [Kepler space telescope](/source/Kepler_space_telescope)

An image from Kepler with TrES-2 and the star cluster [NGC 6791](/source/NGC_6791) outlined ([celestial north](/source/Celestial_coordinates) is towards the lower left corner)

In March 2009, NASA launched the Kepler spacecraft. This spacecraft was a dedicated mission to discover extrasolar planets by the [transit method](/source/Methods_of_detecting_extrasolar_planets#Transit_method) from [solar orbit](/source/Solar_orbit). In April 2009 the project released the [first light](/source/First_light_(astronomy)) images from the spacecraft, and TrES-2b was one of two objects highlighted in these images. Although TrES-2b was not the only known exoplanet in the field of view of this spacecraft, it was the only one identified in the first-light images. This object was important for calibration and check-out.[18]

## See also

- [List of extrasolar planets](/source/List_of_extrasolar_planets)

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Roman1987_1-0)** [Roman, Nancy G.](/source/Nancy_Roman) (1987). ["Identification of a constellation from a position"](https://doi.org/10.1086%2F132034). *[Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific](/source/Publications_of_the_Astronomical_Society_of_the_Pacific)*. **99** (617): 695. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[1987PASP...99..695R](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1987PASP...99..695R). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1086/132034](https://doi.org/10.1086%2F132034). [Constellation record for this object](https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-4?source=VI%2F42%2Fout&%2F%2Ftables=VI%2F42%2Fout&-c=GSC+03549-02811&-c.eq=J2000&-c.r=++2&-c.u=arcmin&-c.geom=r&-source=&-source=VI%2F42%2Fout&-out=RA1875&-out=DE1875&-out=Cst) at [VizieR](/source/VizieR).

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1. **[^](#cite_ref-Mislis_8-0)** Mislis, D.; Schröter, S.; Schmitt, J. H. M. M.; Cordes, O.; Reif, K. (February 2010). "Multi-band transit observations of the TrES-2b exoplanet". *[Astronomy and Astrophysics](/source/Astronomy_and_Astrophysics)*. **510**: A107. [arXiv](/source/ArXiv_(identifier)):[0912.4428](https://arxiv.org/abs/0912.4428). [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2010A&A...510A.107M](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010A&A...510A.107M). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1051/0004-6361/200912910](https://doi.org/10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F200912910).

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1. **[^](#cite_ref-Barclay2012_10-0)** Barclay, Thomas; Huber, Daniel; et al. (December 2012). "Photometrically Derived Masses and Radii of the Planet and Star in the TrES-2 System". *[The Astrophysical Journal](/source/The_Astrophysical_Journal)*. **761** (1): 53. [arXiv](/source/ArXiv_(identifier)):[1210.4592](https://arxiv.org/abs/1210.4592). [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2012ApJ...761...53B](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012ApJ...761...53B). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1088/0004-637X/761/1/53](https://doi.org/10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F761%2F1%2F53).

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## External links

- ["Host to 'Hot Jupiter' (labeled)"](https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/kepler/multimedia/images/TrES2Hot300.html). *multimedia/images*. NASA. 2009-04-16. Retrieved 2009-04-28.

- ["TrES-2"](https://web.archive.org/web/20091125020320/http://media4.obspm.fr/exoplanets/base/etoile.php?nom=TrES-2). *Exoplanets*. Archived from [the original](http://media4.obspm.fr/exoplanets/base/etoile.php?nom=TrES-2) on 2009-11-25. Retrieved 2009-04-28.

- [KIC](/source/Kepler_space_telescope#Kepler_Input_Catalog) [11446443](https://archive.stsci.edu/kepler/kic10/search.php?kic_kepler_id=11446443&action=Search)

v t e Constellation of Draco List of stars in Draco Draco in Chinese astronomy Stars Bayer α (Thuban) β (Rastaban) γ (Eltanin) δ (Altais) ε (Tyl) ζ (Aldhibah) η (Athebyne) θ ι (Edasich) κ λ (Giausar) μ (Alrakis) ν (Kuma) ξ (Grumium) ο π ρ σ (Alsafi) τ υ φ χ ψ1 (Dziban) ψ2 ω Flamsteed 4 6 7 (Tianyi) 8 (Taiyi) 10 (i) 15 (A) 18 (g) 19 (h) 26 36 39 (b) 42 (Fafnir) 45 (d) 50 59 64 (e) 68 Variable TW YY AG BY CL CM CX DO EK HP V581 HR 3751 4126 4934 5811 6237 6518 6618 (Alruba) 6817 7137 7783 HD 109246 (Funi) 101364 128717 147379 156279 158259 176693 191939 Other 2MASS 1237+6526 2MASS J17554042+6551277 G 240-72 GD 356 Gliese 420 Gliese 625 Gliese 687 GRW +70 8247 Kepler-4 Kepler-10 Kepler-12 Kepler-90 Kepler-296 KOI-256 LP 71-82 Qatar-1 SDSS J1240+6710 Struve 2398 TOI-1136 WD 1856+534 WISE 1647+5632 WISE 1841+7000 Exoplanets HD 139357 b HD 167042 b ι Dra b (Hypatia) Kepler-4b Kepler-10b c Kepler-12b Kepler-90e f g h i Kepler-296b c d e f TOI-1452 b TrES-2b Star clusters LAMOST 1 Nebulae Cat's Eye Nebula NGC 6742 Galaxies NGC 3147 3197 3735 4121 4125 4221 4236 4319 4331 4332 4363 4441 4513 4545 4589 5678 5777 5866 5866B 5879 5905 5907 5949 5963 5965 5982 5985 6090 6248 6285 6286 6338 6340 6365 6373 6394 6412 6503 6505 6566 6621 6622 6670 6676 6786 6789 Other 1ES 1927+654 1ES 1959+650 3C 249.1 3C 305 3C 319 3C 343 3C 343.1 3C 351 3C 356 3C 371 3C 380 3C 390.3 3C 401 4C +72.26 4C 73.08 8C 1241+735 Abell 2218 BCG Bean galaxy Beaver galaxy BZQ J1727+5510 Draco Dwarf Draco II GB 1508+5714 Goldfish galaxy H1821+643 HFLS3 IERS B1946+708 IRAS F17179+5444 IRAS 18580+6527 J120011.1+680924.8 KKR 25 Markarian 817 Markarian 876 Original TRG PGC 39058 Porphyrion QSO B1823+568 RGZ J172749.5+534647 S5 1803+784 S5 2007+777 SDSS J1715+6008 Tadpole Galaxy UGC 9391 UGC 9405 UGC 11241 UGC 11411 WISEA J145223.62+611707.5 WN B1851+5707 Galaxy clusters Abell 2218 CL1358+62 Draco Supercluster NGC 5866 Group Astronomical events SN 2003jb SN 2005B SN 2016aps Swift J1644+57 Category

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [TrES-2A](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrES-2A) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrES-2A?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.