# Toukabeur

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{{Short description|Tunisian Town}}
'''Toukabeur''' is a town in [Béja Governorate](/source/B%C3%A9ja_Governorate), [Tunisia](/source/Tunisia) located at 36°42′32″N, 9°31′16″E.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.google.com.au/maps/place/36%C2%B042'32.0%22N+9%C2%B031'16.0%22E/@36.7088889,9.5189224,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x0:0x0!8m2!3d36.7088889!4d9.5211111|title=Google Maps}}</ref> Toukabeur is in the [Medjerda River](/source/Medjerda_River) valley, and 2&nbsp;km west of [Chaouach](/source/Chaouach) (Suas) and 7 kilometers northwest of [Majaz al Bab](/source/Majaz_al_Bab),<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-1043379&fid=6134&c=tunisia|title = Toukabeur, Tunisia - Geographical Names, map, geographic coordinates}}</ref>([Membressa](/source/Membressa)).
Its [postal code](/source/postal_code) is 9024.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tun.postcodebase.com/node/383|title = Toukabeur, Mejez el Bab, Béja: 9024 &#124; Tunisia Postcode ✉️}}</ref>

==History==
===Antiquity===
The area has numerous ruins from the [Roman era](/source/Roman_Empire) lying in situ.<ref>J. Mesnage, ''L'Afrique chrétienne évêchés et ruines antiques'' (Paris, 1912);</ref><ref>[https://translate.google.com.au/translate?hl=en&sl=es&u=http://ceres.mcu.es/pages/ResultSearch%3FMuseo%3DMAN%26txtSimpleSearch%3DToukabeur%26simpleSearch%3D0%26hipertextSearch%3D1%26search%3DadvancedUnion%26MuseumsSearch%3DMAN%257C%26MuseumsRolSearch%3D1%26listaMuseos%3D%255BMuseo%2520Arqueol%25F3gico%2520Nacional%255D&prev=search Toukabeur], Tunisian National Museum of archaeology.</ref> An inscription of Marcus Aurelius indicates that the city had no status of a Roman city.

The town appears to have taken its name from the pre-Roman [Berber](/source/Berbers) tombs, located at [Chaouach](/source/Chaouach) 1 kilometer higher up the hillside. Chaouach was much older and larger settlement than Toukabeur during antiquity.

[Babelon](/source/Ernest_Babelon)<ref>E. Babelon - R. Cagnat - S. Reinach, ''Atlas Archéologique de la Tunisie.  Atlas archéologique de la Tunisie: édition spéciale des cartes topographiques'' publié par le Ministère de la Guerre.  Accompagnée d'un texts explicatif rédigé par Mm (Paris 1893) Cat.  No. 19,180.</ref> mentions important buildings, such as two [triumphal arch](/source/triumphal_arch)es (including the  
Triumphal arch of Sextilius Celsus), [cistern](/source/cistern)s and tombs.  Other remains include a [city gate](/source/city_gate), a large building called "the Hammam" whose function is unknown (possibly [thermal baths](/source/thermal_baths)) as well as a large number of pools, cisterns and wells.  To the west of the town are rock tombs ([Haouanet](/source/Haouanet)).

===World War II===
During the [Tunisian Campaign](/source/Tunisian_Campaign) of World War II the British Army [11th infantry Brigade](/source/11th_Infantry_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)) took the town<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/1060034919|title = ATTACK ON TOUKABEUR AND CHAOUACH &#91;Allocated Title&#93;}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/1060034649|title = ATTACK ON SUGAR LOAF, TOUKABEUR AND CHAOUACH &#91;Allocated Title&#93;}}</ref> April 1943.<ref>http://www.nam.ac.uk/online-collection/detail.php?acc=1999-03-88-17 {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref><ref>George F. Howe, [https://books.google.com/books?id=jwpvCwAAQBAJ&dq=Toukabeur&pg=PT472 United States Army in WWII - the Mediterranean - Northwest Africa] (Pickle Partners Publishing, 2014).</ref>

===Ancient bishopric===
Toukabeur was also the [seat](/source/cathedra) of an ancient [Roman Catholic](/source/Roman_Catholic) [diocese](/source/diocese) through the [Vandal](/source/Vandals) and [Roman Empire](/source/Roman_Empire)s. Known bishops include:
* A bishop, Fortunatus of Thuccaburi, was recorded for the year 256.  
* a bishop named Megasius Tuccaborensis participated in the [Council of Carthage (411)](/source/Council_of_Carthage_(411)).<ref>S. Lancel, ''Actes de la Conférence de Carthage en 411'' (Paris 1991)</ref> 
* In 646, Stephanus Tuccaboriensis participated in the Council of the Africa Proconsularis.

===Modern===
Today the springs that first attracted the [Roman](/source/Ancient_Rome)s still feed the village and water the orchards still in their antique. There are still 6 ancient cisterns at the entrance of the village, though  converted stables. All round the ruins of the Roman town lie scattered half buried in the soil among the orchards on the slopes down to the foot of the locality.<ref>http://chaouach.blogspot.com.au/ {{User-generated source|date=August 2022}}</ref>

==See also==
*[Medjez-El-Bab Memorial](/source/Medjez-El-Bab_Memorial)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{coord|36|42|N|9|31|E|display=title|region:TN_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki}}

Category:Roman towns and cities in Tunisia
Category:Ancient Berber cities

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Toukabeur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toukabeur) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toukabeur?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.