# Tobis Film
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{{short description|German film company}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Tobis Film
| logo =
| logo_caption =
| type = Film production and distribution
| founded = Late 1920s
| defunct = 1942 (independent existence)
| fate = Merged into a state-controlled industry
| key_people =
| industry = Film
| products =
| parent =
| website =
}}
thumb|Share of the Tobis Tonbild-Syndikat AG, issued August 1931
'''Tobis Film''' was a German [film production](/source/film_production) and [film distribution company](/source/film_distribution_company). Founded in the late 1920s as a merger of several companies involved in the switch from [silent](/source/silent_film) to [sound films](/source/sound_films), the organisation emerged as a leading German sound studio.[Kreimeier p.179] Tobis used the [Tri-Ergon](/source/Tri-Ergon) [sound-on-film](/source/sound-on-film) system under the '''Tobis-Klang''' trade name. The [UFA](/source/UFA_GmbH) production company had separate rights to the Tobis system, which it used under the trade name of Ufa-Klang.{{sfn|Gomery|1976|p=54}}{{sfn|Ford|2011|p=261}} Some Tobis films were released in Germany by the subsidiary '''Europa Film'''.
Its principal production studios were the [Johannisthal Studios](/source/Johannisthal_Studios) in [Berlin](/source/Berlin).
During the [Nazi era](/source/Nazi_era), Tobis was one of the four major film companies along with [Terra Film](/source/Terra_Film), [Bavaria Film](/source/Bavaria_Film) and [UFA](/source/Universum_Film_AG). In 1942 all these companies were merged into a single state-controlled industry bringing an end to Tobis' independent existence, though films continued to be released under the Tobis banner.
==International operations==
From 1933 until 1938, Tobis controlled the dominant Austrian producer [Sascha-Film](/source/Sascha-Film) which was known as '''Tobis-Sascha'''. From 1932, it also owned a majority share of one of the main Portuguese producers known as [Tobis Portuguesa](/source/Tobis_Portuguesa), a name which the company kept even after the German participation was terminated at the end of world War II.
Tobis established a Paris subsidiary and produced French-language film at the [Epinay Studios](/source/Epinay_Studios) during the 1930s. Among the directors under contract to the company was [René Clair](/source/Ren%C3%A9_Clair) who produced the films ''[Under the Roofs of Paris](/source/Under_the_Roofs_of_Paris)'' and ''[Le Million](/source/Le_Million)'' during the early sound era.[{{cite news|title=Auszüge der AJC-Liste der Firmen, die Zwangsarbeiter beschäftigt haben sollen (Dokumentation)|periodical=|publisher=|url=https://www.tagesspiegel.de/politik/auszuege-der-ajc-liste-der-firmen-die-zwangsarbeiter-beschaeftigt-haben-sollen-dokumentation/119288.html|url-status=|format=|access-date=2020-09-23|archive-url=|archive-date=|last=|newspaper=Der Tagesspiegel Online|date=|year=|language=de|pages=|quote=}}]
==Legacy==
One of the studio's employees [Horst Wendlandt](/source/Horst_Wendlandt) later (1971) founded a new distribution company which is also known as [Tobis Entertainment](/source/Tobis_Entertainment).[Bergfelder p.439] In 2016, the present-day Tobis became an investor in Globalgate Entertainment.
==Selected filmography==
{{Main|List of Tobis Film films}}
* ''[Land Without Women](/source/Land_Without_Women)'' (1929)
* ''[Where the Lark Sings](/source/Where_the_Lark_Sings_(film))'' (1936)
* ''[Adventure in Warsaw](/source/Adventure_in_Warsaw)'' (1937)
* ''[Truxa](/source/Truxa)'' (1937)
* ''[The Broken Jug](/source/The_Broken_Jug_(film))'' (1937)
* ''[The Gambler](/source/The_Gambler_(1938_film))'' (1938)
* ''[Wibbel the Tailor](/source/Wibbel_the_Tailor_(1939_film))'' (1939)
* ''[The Journey to Tilsit](/source/The_Journey_to_Tilsit)'' (1939)
* ''[We Danced Around the World](/source/We_Danced_Around_the_World)'' (1939)
* ''[Renate in the Quartet](/source/Renate_in_the_Quartet)'' (1939)
* ''[Robert Koch](/source/Robert_Koch_(film))'' (1939)
* ''[The Fox of Glenarvon](/source/The_Fox_of_Glenarvon)'' (1940)
* ''[Falstaff in Vienna](/source/Falstaff_in_Vienna)'' (1940)
* ''[Trenck the Pandur](/source/Trenck_the_Pandur)'' (1940)
* ''[Ohm Krüger](/source/Ohm_Kr%C3%BCger)'' (1941)
* ''[Ferdinand the Ant](/source/Ferda_Mravenec)'' (1944)
* ''[Titanic](/source/Titanic_(1943_film))'' (1943)
* ''[Anna Alt](/source/Anna_Alt)'' (1945)
* ''[The Years Pass](/source/The_Years_Pass)'' (1945)
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==Bibliography==
* Bergfelder, Tim. ''International Adventures: German Popular Cinema and European Co-Productions in the 1960s''. Berhahn Books, 2005.
* {{cite thesis
|last=Ford |first=Fiona |year=2011 |title=The film music of Edmund Meisel (1894–1930) |type=PhD thesis |publisher=University of Nottingham |url=http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12271/1/Thesis_FINAL.pdf |access-date=2 September 2017}}
* {{cite journal
|last=Gomery |first=Douglas |title=Tri-Ergon, Tobis-Klangfilm, and the Coming of Sound |journal=Cinema Journal |year=1976 |volume=16 |issue=1 |publisher=University of Texas Press, on behalf of the Society for Cinema & Media Studies |jstor=1225449 }} (Restricted view, subscription needed)
* Kreimeier, Klaus. ''The Ufa Story: A History of Germany's Greatest Film Company, 1918-1945''. University of California Press, 1999.
==External links==
* {{PM20|FID=co/045452|TEXT=Documents and clippings about|NAME=}}
Category:German film studios
Category:Film production companies of Germany
Category:Mass media in Berlin
Category:Entertainment companies established in 1928
Category:1928 establishments in Germany
Category:Film distributors of Germany
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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Tobis Film](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobis_Film) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobis_Film?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.