# Timomachus

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Ancient Greek painter

Fresco from the [Casa dei Dioscuri](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Casa_dei_Dioscuri&action=edit&redlink=1), believed to exhibit Timomachus' influence

**Timomachus of Byzantium** (or **Timomachos**, [Ancient Greek](/source/Ancient_Greek_language): Τιμόμαχος) was an influential painter of the first century BCE.

## Works

[Pliny the Elder](/source/Pliny_the_Elder), in his *[Naturalis Historia](/source/Naturalis_Historia)* (35.136), records that [Julius Caesar](/source/Julius_Caesar) had acquired two paintings by Timomachus, one of *[Ajax](/source/Ajax_the_Great)* during his madness, and a *[Medea](/source/Medea)* meditating the slaying of her children,[1] which cost him the considerable sum of 80 [talents](/source/Talent_(measurement)).[2]: 178 Scholars have connected these works with the carrying away of a *Medea* and *Ajax* from [Cyzicus](/source/Cyzicus), an ancient port of [Anatolia](/source/Anatolia), mentioned in [Cicero](/source/Cicero)'s *[In Verrem](/source/In_Verrem)* (2.4.135), and propose that Caesar acquired them there, shortly after his victory at [Pharsalus](/source/Farsala).[3]: 308 The paintings, "a pair linked to each other by their rage",[4]: 210 were installed in front of the [Temple of Venus Genetrix](/source/Temple_of_Venus_Genetrix), and remained there until their destruction by fire in 80 CE.

The *[Anthology of Planudes](/source/Anthology_of_Planudes)* preserves a number of [epigrams](/source/Epigram) on the *Medea*, which note its incomplete state, and praise its emotional intensity and [verisimilitude](/source/Verisimilitude_(narrative)). Scholars believe that two well-known depictions of Medea preserved at [Pompeii](/source/Pompeii) were composed under the influence of Timomachus' work.[3]: 309–310

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-EB1911_1-0)** One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the [public domain](/source/Public_domain): [Chisholm, Hugh](/source/Hugh_Chisholm), ed. (1911). "[Timomachus](https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Timomachus)". *[Encyclopædia Britannica](/source/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition)*. Vol. 26 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 989.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Pollitt1990_2-0)** Pollitt, J. J. (26 October 1990). [*The Art of Ancient Greece: Sources and Documents*](https://books.google.com/books?id=XoCNQwkNsLAC). Cambridge University Press. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-521-27366-4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-27366-4). Retrieved 12 January 2013.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Gurd2007_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Gurd2007_3-1) Gurd, Sean Alexander (2007). "Meaning and Material Presence: Four Epigrams on Timomachus's Unfinished Medea". *Transactions of the American Philological Association*. **137** (2): 305–331. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1353/apa.2008.0003](https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fapa.2008.0003). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [1533-0699](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1533-0699). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [170134971](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:170134971).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Harris2001_4-0)** Harris, William Vernon (2001). [*Restraining Rage: The Ideology of Anger Control in Classical Antiquity*](https://books.google.com/books?id=dbv3RHioTngC). Harvard University Press. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-674-00618-8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-00618-8). Retrieved 12 January 2013.

v t e Ancient Greek painters Agatharchus Anaxandra Androcydes Antiphilus Aglaophon Antidotus Antorides Apelles Apollodorus Aregon Aristarete Aristides of Thebes Aristoclides Aristolaos Ariston Aristophon Artemon Athenion of Maroneia Asclepiodorus Cimon of Cleonae Ctesilochus Echion Euphranor Eupompus Galaton Heraclides Melanthius Micon Mnasitheus of Sicyon Nealkes Nicomachus of Thebes Pamphilus Panaenus Parrhasius Pausias Peiraikos Philoxenus of Eretria Polyidus Polygnotus Protogenes Thales Theon of Samos Timanthes Timanthes of Sicyon Timarete Timomachus Zeuxis

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Timomachus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timomachus) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timomachus?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.