# Timocles

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{{Short description|Athenian poet of the Middle Comedy}}
'''Timocles''' (Ancient Greek: Τιμοκλῆς, {{floruit|{{circa|345 BC|317 BC}}}}) was one of the last Athenian comics poets of the [Middle Comedy](/source/Middle_Comedy),{{sfn|Constantinides|1969|p=49}} although Pollux listed him among the writers of New Comedy.<ref>Pollux 10.154</ref> Allusions in his surviving fragments to the dispute over [Halonnesus](/source/Halonnesus) between Macedon and Athens (342 BC) and the office of [gynaeconomi](/source/gynaeconomi) ("women's overseers", introduced after 317 BC by [Demetrius of Phalerum](/source/Demetrius_of_Phalerum)) put his dates of activity in the second half of the fourth century BC.{{sfn|Nesselrath|2006}}

Timocles is known to have won first prize at the [Lenaea](/source/Lenaea) once, between 330 and 320 BC.{{sfn|OCD}} The Suda claims that there were two comic poets of this name,<ref>Suda τ 623, 624</ref> but modern scholars equate the two.{{sfn|Constantinides|1969|p=50}} Unlike most Middle Comedy plays, his works featured a good deal of personal ridicule of public figures, especially orators like [Demosthenes](/source/Demosthenes) and [Hyperides](/source/Hyperides).

42 fragments of Timocles works survive.{{sfn|Nesselrath|2006}} The titles of at least 26, and possibly 28, are known.{{sfn|Constantinides|1969|p=49}}

{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* ''Egyptians''
* ''The Bath-House''
* ''Georgos'' (uncertain: may be the title of a play, ''The Farmer'', or the name of a character{{sfn|Constantinides|1969|loc=n. 4}}{{sfn|Nesselrath|2006}})
* ''The Ring''
* ''Delos, or the Man from Delos''
* ''Public Satyrs''
* ''Woman Celebrating the Dionysia''
* ''Dionysus''
* ''Little Dragon''
* ''Letters''
* ''Rejoicing at Another's Misfortune''
* ''Heroes''
* ''Icarians, or Satyrs''
* ''Men from Caunos''
* ''The Centaur, or Dexamenus''
* ''Conisalus''
* ''Forgetfulness''
* ''Men From Marathon''
* ''[Neaira](/source/Neaira_(hetaera))''
* ''Orestautocleides''
* ''The Busybody''
* ''The Man from Pontus''
* ''Porphyra'' (also attributed to [Xenarchus](/source/Xenarchus_(comic_poet)); [Augustus Meineke](/source/Augustus_Meineke) and Theodor Kock, who both edited the surviving fragments of middle comedy, ascribed a play by this name only to Xenarchus{{sfn|Constantinides|1969|loc=n. 4}})
* ''The Boxer''
* ''Sappho''
* ''Co-Workers''
* ''Philodicastes''
* ''The False-Robbers''
{{div col end}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Works cited==
* {{cite journal|last=Constantinides|first=Elizabeth|title=Timocles' Ikarioi Satyroi: A Reconsideration|journal=Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association|year=1969|volume=100|pages=49–61 |doi=10.2307/2935900 |jstor=2935900 }}
* {{cite encyclopedia|entry=Timocles|encyclopedia=Oxford Classical Dictionary|last=Dover|first=K. J.|edition=4th|ref=CITEREFOCD}}
* {{cite encyclopedia|last=Nesselrath|first=Heinz-Günther|entry=Timocles [1]|title=Brill's New Pauly|year=2006|doi=10.1163/1574-9347_bnp_e1214730}}

{{authority control}}

Category:Ancient Athenian dramatists and playwrights
Category:4th-century BC Greek poets
Category:Middle Comic poets
Category:Greek male poets

{{AncientGreece-bio-stub}}

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