# Tidore language

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**Tidore** is a language of [North Maluku](/source/North_Maluku), [Indonesia](/source/Indonesia), spoken by the [Tidore people](/source/Tidore_people).[4] The language is centered on the island of [Tidore](/source/Tidore), but it is also spoken on the neighbouring islands of [Mare](/source/Mare_Island_(Indonesia)) and [Moti](/source/Moti_Island) to the south, and Maitara to the northwest of Tidore, as well as in some areas of the neighbouring [Halmahera](/source/Halmahera).[4] Historically, it was the primary language of the [Sultanate of Tidore](/source/Sultanate_of_Tidore), a major Moluccan Muslim state.[1]

A [North Halmahera language](/source/North_Halmaheran_languages), it is unlike most languages in Indonesia which belong to the [Austronesian language](/source/Austronesian_language) family. Tidore and other North Halmahera languages are perhaps related to languages of the [Bird's Head Peninsula](/source/Bird's_Head_Peninsula), [West Papua](/source/West_Papua_(province)).[3][5]: 20

Tidore is a regional lingua franca, used for interethnic communication in the Central Halmahera area.[6] Since the 17th century, it had some influence as a trade language in the Moluccan-New Guinean region.[1] It is closely related to [Ternate](/source/Ternate_language),[3] of which it is sometimes considered a dialect.[7] Both Ternate and Tidore have been recorded in writing at least since the late 15th century,[2]: 430 being the only [non-Austronesian](/source/Papuan_languages) (or "Papuan") languages of the region with indigenous (pre-European) literary traditions.[1]: fn. 2

All Tidore speakers are also conversant in [North Moluccan Malay](/source/North_Moluccan_Malay), the language of wider communication, and the contact between Malay and Tidore has left a great mark on the local language. There are many North Moluccan Malay and Indonesian loans in Tidore, and the language exhibits strong Austronesian influence in general.[8]

## Phonology

### Consonants

Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal Nasal m n ɲ ŋ Plosive voiceless p t c k voiced b d ɟ ɡ Fricative f s h Lateral l Tap ɾ Approximant w j

A flap consonant can be heard as alveolar or post-alveolar ɾ̠.[9]

### Vowels

Front Central Back Close i u Mid e o Open a

## References

1. Warnk, Holger (2010). "The coming of Islam and Moluccan-Malay culture to New Guinea c.1500–1920". *Indonesia and the Malay World*. **38** (110): 109–134. [doi:10.1080/13639811003665454](https://doi.org/10.1080/13639811003665454). [S2CID 162188648](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:162188648)

1. Taylor, Paul Michael (1988). "From mantra to mataráa: Opacity and transparency in the language of Tobelo magic and medicine (Halmahera Island, Indonesia)". *Social Science & Medicine*. **27** (5): 425–436. [doi:10.1016/0277-9536(88)90365-6](https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(88)90365-6). [PMID 3067356](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3067356)

1. e25

1. Voorhoeve, C.L. (1988), "The languages of the North Halmaheran stock", *Papers in New Guinea linguistics. No. 26*, Pacific Linguistics A-76, Canberra: Department of Linguistics, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University, pp. 181–209, [doi:10.15144/PL-A76.181](https://doi.org/10.15144/PL-A76.181). ISBN 0-85883-370-0. [OCLC 220535054](https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/220535054)

1. van Staden, Miriam & Reesink, Ger (2008). "Serial verb constructions in a linguistic area". *Serial verb constructions in Austronesian and Papuan languages*. Pacific Linguistics 594. Senft, Gunter (ed.). Canberra: Pacific Linguistics, Research School Of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. pp. 17–54. ISBN 978-0-85883-591-7. [OCLC 271765117](https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/271765117)

1. Masinambow, E.K.M (1999). "Pengantar Ketua Panitia Pengarah Program Pemetaan Bahasa Nusantara". *Bahasa Nusantara: Suatu Pemetaan Awal: Gambaran tentang Bahasa-bahasa Daerah di Indonesia* (in Indonesian). Rosidi, Ajip (ed.). Jakarta: Dunia Pustaka Jaya. pp. 9–11. [OCLC 44620949](https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/44620949)

1. ["Bahasa Ternate"](https://petabahasa.kemdikbud.go.id/infobahasa.php?idb=482) (in Indonesian). *Peta Bahasa*. Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.

1. van Staden, Miriam (2006). ["The body and its parts in Tidore, a Papuan language of Eastern Indonesia"](https://dare.uva.nl/personal/pure/en/publications/the-body-and-its-parts-in-tidore-a-papuan-language-of-eastern-indonesia(d3577825-4e43-4d7b-b9e7-2a3b30b901f0).html). *Language Sciences*. **28** (2–3): 323–343. [doi:10.1016/j.langsci.2005.11.013](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.langsci.2005.11.013). [ISSN 0388-0001](https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0388-0001)

1. Pikkert, Joost J. J. and Cheryl M. (1995). *A first look at Tidore phonology*. Wyn D. Laidig (ed.), Descriptive studies in languages of Maluku, part II. pp. 43–70.

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Tidore language](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidore_language) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidore_language?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.