# Thomas Neville Waul

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American lawyer and politician (1813–1903)

Thomas Neville Waul Deputy from Texas to the Provisional Congress of the Confederate States In office February 4, 1861 – February 17, 1862 Preceded by New constituency Succeeded by Constituency abolished Personal details Born (1813-01-05)January 5, 1813 Sumter District, South Carolina, US Died July 28, 1903(1903-07-28) (aged 90) Hunt County, Texas, US Resting place Oakwood Cemetery (Fort Worth, Texas) Military service Allegiance Confederate States of America Branch/service Confederate States Army Years of service 1861–1865 Rank Brigadier-General Commands Waul's Legion 1st Brigade, Texas Division Battles/wars American Civil War Siege of Vicksburg Battle of Mansfield Battle of Pleasant Hill Battle of Jenkins Ferry

**Thomas Neville Waul** (January 5, 1813 – July 28, 1903) was a [brigadier general](/source/Brigadier_General_(CSA)) in the [Confederate States Army](/source/Confederate_States_Army) during the [American Civil War](/source/American_Civil_War) (Civil War). Before the Civil War, he was a teacher, lawyer, judge and planter. He served for a year in the [Provisional Confederate Congress](/source/Provisional_Confederate_Congress) from Texas. He was captured at the fall of [Vicksburg, Mississippi](/source/Vicksburg%2C_Mississippi), on July 4, 1863, and exchanged in October 1863. After his promotion, Waul served in the Confederate [Trans-Mississippi Department](/source/Trans-Mississippi_Department). He was wounded at the [Battle of Jenkins' Ferry](/source/Battle_of_Jenkins'_Ferry). After the Civil War, Waul worked as a farmer and lawyer in Texas until his death at age 90.

## Early life

Thomas N. Waul was born January 5, 1813, in the Sumter District, now [Sumter County, South Carolina](/source/Sumter_County%2C_South_Carolina), near [Stateburg](/source/Stateburg%2C_South_Carolina).[1][2] He attended South Carolina College, now the [University of South Carolina](/source/University_of_South_Carolina), until his junior year, then moved to [Florence, Alabama](/source/Florence%2C_Alabama), where he was a teacher.[1][2][3] He moved to [Vicksburg, Mississippi](/source/Vicksburg%2C_Mississippi), in 1830 where he became a lawyer in 1835 and a judge.[1][2][4] In 1850, he moved to [Gonzales County, Texas](/source/Gonzales_County%2C_Texas), and became a [planter](/source/Planter_(American_South)).[1][2] Waul made an unsuccessful run for a seat in the [United States Congress](/source/United_States_Congress) in 1854.[2][3][5] He served as a delegate to the Texas secession convention.[3]

## American Civil War

Thomas N. Waul was a member of the [Provisional Confederate Congress](/source/Provisional_Confederate_Congress) from Texas between February 19, 1861, and February 17, 1862, when a permanent Confederate government was established.[1][2][3][6] He served on the Committee on Commercial Affairs and Committee on Indian Affairs.[6] He opposed the African slave trade as a diplomatic effort and restrictions on the cotton trade.[3] He supported establishment of the central government, free trade, and local defense.[3] Waul lost his run for a seat in the [First Confederate Congress](/source/First_Confederate_Congress) of the regular [Congress of the Confederate States](/source/Congress_of_the_Confederate_States).[3]

On May 17, 1862, Waul entered [Confederate States Army](/source/Confederate_States_Army) service as [colonel](/source/Colonel_(United_States)) of [Waul's Legion](/source/Waul's_Legion), which he recruited.[1][2][4][6]

Waul was captured when [Vicksburg fell](/source/Siege_of_Vicksburg), on July 4, 1863.[1][2][4] Waul was promoted to [brigadier general](/source/Brigadier_General_(CSA)) on September 18, 1863, although he was not exchanged until October 16, 1863.[1][7] His performance and leadership were commended by then [Major General](/source/Major_General_(CSA)) [Stephen D. Lee](/source/Stephen_D._Lee).[3] Waul then commanded a brigade in [John G. Walker's](/source/John_George_Walker) [Texas Division](/source/Walker's_Greyhounds) in the [Confederate](/source/Confederate_States_of_America) [Trans-Mississippi Department](/source/Trans-Mississippi_Department).[1][6] Waul's brigade fought in the [Red River Campaign](/source/Red_River_Campaign) at the [Battle of Mansfield](/source/Battle_of_Mansfield) and the [Battle of Pleasant Hill](/source/Battle_of_Pleasant_Hill), in [Louisiana](/source/Louisiana).[2][4][6]

On April 30, 1864, after being transferred to [Arkansas](/source/Arkansas) to oppose Union [Major General](/source/Major_general_(United_States)) [Frederick Steele's](/source/Frederick_Steele) [Camden Expedition](/source/Camden_Expedition), Brigadier General Waul was wounded in the left arm at the [Battle of Jenkins' Ferry](/source/Battle_of_Jenkins'_Ferry).[1][2][4][6] He returned to service in September 1864 and until December 1864 commanded Brigade I, Division I, I Corps of the Trans-Mississippi Department.[1] From January 1865 to May 26, 1865, he commanded Brigade I, Division I, of the District of Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona in the Trans-Mississippi Department.[1] There is no record of his parole.[1]

## Later life

After the Civil War, Waul returned to Texas where he was elected to the first Texas [Reconstruction](/source/Reconstruction_Era) convention.[2] After practicing law at [Galveston](/source/Galveston%2C_Texas), Waul retired to [Hunt County, Texas](/source/Hunt_County%2C_Texas), near [Greenville](/source/Greenville%2C_Texas), where he was a farmer on his property named Cherry Hill Plantation. A marker still stands to this day on the property, honoring General Waul's life.[1][2][3] Thomas Neville Waul died in [Hunt County, Texas](/source/Hunt_County%2C_Texas), on July 28, 1903.[1][2][8] He is buried in [Oakwood Cemetery](/source/Oakwood_Cemetery_(Fort_Worth%2C_Texas)) at [Fort Worth, Texas](/source/Fort_Worth%2C_Texas).[1] Waul had no blood relatives at the time of his death.[3]

		- Waul in the Civil War

		- Bust of Waul by [T.A.R. Kitson](/source/Theo_Alice_Ruggles_Kitson) at [Vicksburg National Military Park](/source/Vicksburg_National_Military_Park)

## See also

- [List of American Civil War generals (Confederate)](/source/List_of_American_Civil_War_generals_(Confederate))

## Notes

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Eicher557_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Eicher557_1-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Eicher557_1-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-Eicher557_1-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-Eicher557_1-4) [***f***](#cite_ref-Eicher557_1-5) [***g***](#cite_ref-Eicher557_1-6) [***h***](#cite_ref-Eicher557_1-7) [***i***](#cite_ref-Eicher557_1-8) [***j***](#cite_ref-Eicher557_1-9) [***k***](#cite_ref-Eicher557_1-10) [***l***](#cite_ref-Eicher557_1-11) [***m***](#cite_ref-Eicher557_1-12) [***n***](#cite_ref-Eicher557_1-13) [***o***](#cite_ref-Eicher557_1-14) [***p***](#cite_ref-Eicher557_1-15) Eicher, John H., and [David J. Eicher](/source/David_J._Eicher). *Civil War High Commands*. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2001. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-8047-3641-3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8047-3641-3). p. 557.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Warner328_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Warner328_2-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Warner328_2-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-Warner328_2-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-Warner328_2-4) [***f***](#cite_ref-Warner328_2-5) [***g***](#cite_ref-Warner328_2-6) [***h***](#cite_ref-Warner328_2-7) [***i***](#cite_ref-Warner328_2-8) [***j***](#cite_ref-Warner328_2-9) [***k***](#cite_ref-Warner328_2-10) [***l***](#cite_ref-Warner328_2-11) [***m***](#cite_ref-Warner328_2-12) [Warner, Ezra J.](/source/Ezra_J._Warner_(historian)) *Generals in Gray: Lives of the Confederate Commanders.* Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1959. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-8071-0823-5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8071-0823-5). pp. 328–329.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Faust809_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Faust809_3-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Faust809_3-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-Faust809_3-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-Faust809_3-4) [***f***](#cite_ref-Faust809_3-5) [***g***](#cite_ref-Faust809_3-6) [***h***](#cite_ref-Faust809_3-7) [***i***](#cite_ref-Faust809_3-8) [***j***](#cite_ref-Faust809_3-9) Faust, Patricia L. "Waul, Thomas Neville" in *Historical Times Illustrated History of the Civil War*, edited by Patricia L. Faust. New York: Harper & Row, 1986. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-06-273116-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06-273116-6). p. 809.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Boatner896_4-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Boatner896_4-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Boatner896_4-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-Boatner896_4-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-Boatner896_4-4) [Boatner, Mark M. III](/source/Mark_M._Boatner_III) (1988). [*The Civil War Dictionary*](https://archive.org/details/civilwardictiona0000boat) (Revised ed.). New York: [David McKay](/source/David_McKay_Publications). pp. 896–897. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-8129-1726-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8129-1726-0).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** Warner, 1959, pp. 328–329 gives the date as 1859 but this apparently is a typographical error.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Sifakis698_6-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Sifakis698_6-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Sifakis698_6-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-Sifakis698_6-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-Sifakis698_6-4) [***f***](#cite_ref-Sifakis698_6-5) Sifakis, Stewart. *Who Was Who in the Civil War.* New York: Facts On File, 1988. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-8160-1055-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8160-1055-2). p. 698.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** Warner, 1959, p. 329 gives the same date of promotion but says it was after Waul's exchange.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** Faust, 1986, p. 809 gives the date as July 28, 1908 but again, this is an apparent typographical error.

## References

- [Boatner, Mark M. III](/source/Mark_M._Boatner_III) (1988). [*The Civil War Dictionary*](https://archive.org/details/civilwardictiona0000boat) (Revised ed.). New York: [David McKay](/source/David_McKay_Publications). [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-8129-1726-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8129-1726-0).

- Eicher, John H., and [David J. Eicher](/source/David_J._Eicher), *Civil War High Commands.* Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-8047-3641-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8047-3641-1).

- Faust, Patricia L. "Waul, Thomas Neville" in *Historical Times Illustrated History of the Civil War*, edited by Patricia L. Faust. New York: Harper & Row, 1986. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-06-273116-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06-273116-6).

- Sifakis, Stewart. *Who Was Who in the Civil War.* New York: Facts On File, 1988. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-8160-1055-4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8160-1055-4).

- [Warner, Ezra J.](/source/Ezra_J._Warner_(historian)) *Generals in Gray: Lives of the Confederate Commanders.* Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1959. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-8071-0823-9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8071-0823-9).

## External links

- Media related to [Thomas Neville Waul](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Thomas_Neville_Waul) at Wikimedia Commons

Political offices Preceded by New constituency Deputy from Texas to the Provisional Congress of the Confederate States 1861–1862 Succeeded by Constituency abolished

Articles related to Thomas Neville Waul v t e Signatories of the Provisional Constitution of the Confederate States President of the Congress Howell Cobb South Carolina Robert Barnwell Rhett R. W. Barnwell James Chesnut, Jr. C. G. Memminger Wm. Porcher Miles Laurence M. Keitt William W. Boyce Tho. J. Withers Georgia R. Toombs Francis S. Bartow Martin J. Crawford E. A. Nisbet Benjamin H. Hill Augustus R. Wright Thos. R. R. Cobb A. H. Kenan Alexander H. Stephens Florida Jackson Morton Jas. B. Owens J. Patton Anderson Alabama Richard W. Walker Robt. H. Smith Colin J. McRae Jno. Gill Shorter William Parish Chilton Stephen F. Hale David P. Lewis Tho. Fearn J. L. M. Curry Mississippi W. P. Harris Alexander M. Clayton W. S. Wilson James T. Harrison Walker Brooke William S. Barry J. A. P. Campbell Louisiana John Perkins, Jr. Alex. de Clouet C. M. Conrad Duncan F. Kenner Edward Sparrow Henry Marshall Texas Thomas N. Waul Williamson S. Oldham John Gregg John H. Reagan W. B. Ochiltree John Hemphill Louis T. Wigfall Category Commons v t e Signatories of the Confederate States Constitution President of the Congress Howell Cobb South Carolina Robert Barnwell Rhett C. G. Memminger Wm. Porcher Miles James Chesnut Jr. R. W. Barnwell William W. Boyce Laurence Keitt T. J. Withers Georgia R. Toombs Francis S. Bartow Martin J. Crawford Alexander H. Stephens Benjamin H. Hill Thos. R. R. Cobb E. A. Nisbet Augustus R. Wright A. H. Kenan Florida Jackson Morton J. Patton Anderson Jas. B. Owens Alabama Richard W. Walker Robt. H. Smith Colin J. McRae William P. Chilton Stephen F. Hale David P. Lewis Tho. Fearn Jno. Gill Shorter J. L. M. Curry Mississippi Alexander M. Clayton James T. Harrison William S. Barry W. S. Wilson Walker Brooke W. P. Harris J. A. P. Campbell Louisiana John Perkins Jr. Alex. de Clouet C. M. Conrad Duncan F. Kenner Henry Marshall Edward Sparrow Texas John Hemphill Thomas N. Waul John H. Reagan Williamson S. Oldham Louis T. Wigfall John Gregg William Beck Ochiltree Category Commons

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Thomas Neville Waul](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Neville_Waul) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Neville_Waul?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.