# Thomas Farm Site

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thumb|right|200px|Gilchrist County, Florida and Miocene shoreline based on the Florida Geologic Survey.
thumb|right|200px|Florida during the Miocene
The '''Thomas Farm site''' is an [Early Miocene](/source/Early_Miocene), [Hemingfordian](/source/Hemingfordian) assemblage of [vertebrate](/source/vertebrate) fossils located in [Gilchrist County](/source/Gilchrist_County%2C_Florida), northern [Florida](/source/Florida).<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-03-28|title=Thomas Farm|url=https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/florida-vertebrate-fossils/sites/thomas-farm/|access-date=2021-09-06|website=Florida Museum|language=en-US}}</ref>

The Thomas Farm site is one of the richest terrestrial deposits of Miocene vertebrates in the 18 [Ma](/source/Annum) range found in eastern [North America](/source/North_America) according to the [Florida Museum of Natural History](/source/Florida_Museum_of_Natural_History).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hulbert Jr. |first=Richard C. |date=January 30, 2009 |title=Thomas Farm |url=https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/florida-vertebrate-fossils/sites/thomas-farm/ |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=Florida Vertebrate Fossils |language=en-US}}</ref> The site was discovered in 1931 by Florida Geological Survey (FGS) staff member Clarence Simpson.<ref>[http://www.flmnh.ufl.edu/fossilhall/flpaleo/thomasfarm/thomasfarm.htm Florida Museum of Natural History: Thomas Farm site]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Livingston |first=Stephenie |date=2015-07-14 |title=Thomas Farm: a prehistoric treasure |url=https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/science/thomas-farm-a-prehistoric-treasure/ |access-date=2025-02-06 |website=Research News |language=en-US}}</ref> Specimens include: amphibians, reptiles, birds, small rodents,<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pratt |first=Ann E. |last2=Morgan |first2=Gary S. |date=1989 |title=New Sciuridae (Mammalia: Rodentia) from the Early Miocene Thomas Farm Local Fauna, Florida |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4523240 |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=89–100 |issn=0272-4634}}</ref> bats,<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Czaplewski |first=Nicholas J. |last2=Morgan |first2=Gary S. |date=2001 |title=A New Vespertilionid Bat (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from the Early Miocene (Hemingfordian) of Florida, USA |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4524153 |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=736–742 |issn=0272-4634}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Morgan |first=Gary S. |last2=Czaplewski |first2=Nicholas J. |date=2003 |title=A New Bat (Chiroptera: Natalidae) from the Early Miocene of Florida, with Comments on Natalid Phylogeny |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1383917 |journal=Journal of Mammalogy |volume=84 |issue=2 |pages=729–752 |issn=0022-2372}}</ref> rhinoceroses, three species of three-toed horses,<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hulbert |first=Richard C. |date=1984 |title=Paleoecology and Population Dynamics of the Early Miocene (Hemingfordian) Horse Parahippus Leonensis from the Thomas Farm Site, Florida |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4523015 |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=4 |issue=4 |pages=547–558 |issn=0272-4634}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=O'sullivan |first=Jay A. |date=2003 |title=A New Species of Archaeohippus (Mammalia, Equidae) from the Arikareean of Central Florida |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4524389 |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=23 |issue=4 |pages=877–885 |issn=0272-4634}}</ref> several [artiodactyl](/source/artiodactyl)s (including camels, peccary, deer-like species and other extinct forms), as well as dogs, bears, and [bear-dog](/source/bear-dog)s.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Lloyd|first=Robin|title=An Inside Look at an 18 Million-year-old Fossil Dig Site in Florida|url=https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/observations/an-inside-look-at-an-18-million-year-old-fossil-dig-site-in-florida/|access-date=2021-09-06|website=Scientific American Blog Network|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Martin|first=Robert A.|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.39853|title=Fossil mammals of the coleman ILA local fauna, Sumter County, Florida.|date=1969|publisher=[s.n.]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Olsen |first=S. J. |date=1962 |title=The Thomas Farm Fossil Quarry |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/24314821 |journal=Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences |volume=25 |issue=2 |pages=142–146 |issn=0015-3850}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Romer |first=Alfred Sherwood |date=1947 |title=The Fossil Mammals of Thomas Farm, Gilchrist County, Florida |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/24313335 |journal=Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=1–11 |issn=0015-3850}}</ref>

== Specimens ==

===Reptilia===
*[Pseudemys](/source/Pseudemys) sp.
*[Testudo](/source/Testudo_(genus)) ''(T. tedwhitei)''
*[Promilio](/source/Promilio) ''(P. epileus)''
*[Promilio](/source/Promilio) ''(P. brodkorbi)''
*[Proictinia](/source/Proictinia) ''(P. floridana)''
*[Alligator](/source/Alligator) ''(A. olseni)''
*[Paraoxybelis](/source/Paraoxybelis) ''(P. floridanus)''
*[Pseudocemophora](/source/Pseudocemophora) ''(P. antiqua)''
*[Anilioides](/source/Anilioides) ''(A. minuatus)''
*[Pseudoepicrates](/source/Pseudoepicrates) ''(P. stanolseni)''
*[Ogmophis](/source/Ogmophis) ''(O. pauperrimus''
*[Calamagras](/source/Calamagras) ''(C. floridanus)''

===Birds===

==== Phalacrocoracidae ====

* [Phalacrocorax](/source/Phalacrocorax) ''(P. subvolans)''

====Columbidae====
*''[Arenicolumba prattae](/source/Arenicolumba)''

===Mammals===

====Rhinocerotidae====
*[Diceratherium](/source/Diceratherium) ''(D. barbouri)''
*[Floridaceras](/source/Floridaceras) (''F. whitei'')

==== Equidae ====
*[Parahippus](/source/Parahippus) ''(P. leonensis)''
*[Anchitherium](/source/Anchitherium) ''(A. clarencei)''

====Amphicyonidae====
*[Daphoenus](/source/Daphoenus) ''(D. caroniavorus''
*[Amphicyon](/source/Amphicyon) ''(A. longiramus)''
*[Cynelos](/source/Cynelos) ''(C. caroniavorus)''

====Ursidae====
*[Phoberocyon](/source/Phoberocyon) ''(johnhenryi)''

====Mustelidae====
*[Mephitaxus](/source/Mephitaxus) ''(M. ancipidens)''
*[Miomustela](/source/Miomustela)
*[Zodiolestes](/source/Zodiolestes) ''(Z. freundi)''
*[Oligobunis](/source/Oligobunis) ''(O. floridanus)''

====Canidae====
*''[Osbornodon iamonensis](/source/Osbornodon_iamonensis)''
*[Euoplocyon](/source/Euoplocyon) ''(E. spissidens)''
*[Metatomarctus](/source/Metatomarctus) ''(M. canavus)''
*[Aelurodon](/source/Aelurodon) ''(A. johnhenryi)''
*[Aelurocyon](/source/Aelurocyon) ''(A. spissidens'')
*[Phlaocyon](/source/Phlaocyon) sp.

====Chiroptera====
*[Chiroptera](/source/Chiroptera) sp.
*[Primonatalus](/source/Primonatalus) ''(P. prattae)''
*[Karstala](/source/Karstala) ''(K. silva)''
*[Miomyotis](/source/Miomyotis) ''(M. floridanus)''
*[Svaptenos](/source/Svaptenos) ''(S. whitei)''

====Artiodactyla====
*[Floridachoerus](/source/Floridachoerus) ''(F. olseni)''
*[Machaeromeryx](/source/Machaeromeryx) ''(M. gilchristensis)''
*[Parablastomeryx](/source/Parablastomeryx) ''(P. floridanus)''
*[Merycoidodon](/source/Merycoidodon) sp.
*[Syndyoceras](/source/Syndyoceras) ''(S. australis)''
*[Floridatragulus](/source/Floridatragulus) ''(F. dolichanthereus)''
*[Oxydactylus](/source/Oxydactylus) ''(O. floridanus)''
*[Nothokemas](/source/Nothokemas) ''(N. floridanus)''

====Soricidae====
*[Limnoecus](/source/Limnoecus) sp.

====Rodentia====
*[Cricetidae](/source/Cricetidae)
*[Proheteromys](/source/Proheteromys) ''(P. magnus)''
*[Proheteromys](/source/Proheteromys) ''P. floridanus)''
*[Miospermophilus](/source/Miospermophilus)
*[Nototamias](/source/Nototamias) ''(N. hulberti)''
*[Petauristodon](/source/Petauristodon) ''(P. pattersoni)''
*[Mesogaulus](/source/Mesogaulus)
*[Mylagaulidae](/source/Mylagaulidae)

===Amphibians===
*[Proacris](/source/Proacris) ''(P. mintoni)''
*Proacris mintoni

==References==
{{reflist}}
*[http://paleobackup.nceas.ucsb.edu:8110/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=displayCollResults&collection_list=18597 Paleobiology Database: Thomas Farm collection]

{{Coord|29.8658|-82.8631|display=title}}

Category:Paleontological sites of Florida
Category:Geography of Gilchrist County, Florida
Category:Neogene Florida
Category:Miocene United States
Category:Miocene paleontological sites of North America
Category:1931 in paleontology

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Thomas Farm Site](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Farm_Site) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Farm_Site?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.