# Thawabit

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Set of Palestinian principles on the Israel-Palestine conflict

Not to be confused with [Thabit](/source/Thabit).

The ***Thawabit*** ([Arabic](/source/Arabic_language): الثَوَابِت, [romanized](/source/Romanization_of_Arabic): *ath-thawābit*, [lit.](/source/Literal_translation) 'the constants' or 'fundamental principles'; IPA: [\[aθ.θa.waː.bit\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Arabic)), more formally ***ath-Thawabit al-Waṭanīya al-Filasṭīnīya*** (الثوابت الوطنية الفلسطينية, 'the Palestinian national constants'; [\[aθ.θa.waː.bit al.wa.tˤa.nij.ja‿l.fi.las.tˤiː.nij.ja\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Arabic)) and sometimes referred to as the **Palestinian red-lines**,[1] are a set of principles representing the core issues of Palestinian national consensus on the [Israeli–Palestinian conflict](/source/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_conflict). The term *Thawabit* was coined by the [Palestinian National Council](/source/Palestinian_National_Council) in 1977.[2]

According to Khaled Elgindy, these principles include:

- the [right to resistance](/source/Right_to_resistance),

- the [right to self-determination](/source/Right_to_self-determination) (statehood),

- [Jerusalem](/source/Jerusalem) as the [capital of Palestine](/source/Capital_of_Palestine), and

- the [right of Palestinian refugees to return](/source/Palestinian_right_of_return) to their homes and lands in what is today Israel (in accordance with [UNGA 194](/source/UNGA_194)).[3]

Shaked writes that the Thawabit, declared as Palestinians' inviolable national rights, "became the cornerstones of the ethos of conflict of the Palestinian society, featuring prominently in all cultural products, in the media, in the speeches of leaders, in official documents, in textbooks and in the daily life of the Palestinian society."[2][*[unreliable source?](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources)*]

The Thawabit was reaffirmed in the 2005 [Palestinian Cairo Declaration](/source/Palestinian_Cairo_Declaration).[3]

The Thawabit has also been cited by some American and British groups protesting the [Gaza Genocide](/source/Gaza_Genocide).[4][5][6]

## See also

- [Sumud](/source/Sumud)

- [Palestinian National Covenant](/source/Palestinian_National_Covenant)

- [PLO's Ten Point Program](/source/PLO's_Ten_Point_Program)

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** Hammami, Rema (2000). Tamari, Salim (ed.). ["The Battle for Jerusalem"](https://www.palestine-studies.org/sites/default/files/jq-articles/10_the_Battle_1_0.pdf) (PDF). *Jerusalem Quarterly File* (10). [Institute for Palestine Studies](/source/Institute_for_Palestine_Studies): 4.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Shaked_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Shaked_2-1) Shaked, Ronni (2016). "Ethos of Conflict of the Palestinian Society". In Sharvit, Keren; Halperin, Eran (eds.). *A Social Psychology Perspective on The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict : Celebrating the Legacy of Daniel Bar-Tal, Vol II*. Springer International Publishing. pp. 137–138. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-3-319-24839-4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-319-24839-4).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-elgindy_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-elgindy_3-1) Elgindy, Khaled (January 13, 2016). ["Lost in the Chaos: The Palestinian Leadership Crisis"](https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0163660X.2015.1125834). *The Washington Quarterly*. **38** (4): 133–150. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1080/0163660X.2015.1125834](https://doi.org/10.1080%2F0163660X.2015.1125834). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [155985257](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:155985257). Retrieved January 2, 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** Otterman, Sharon (9 October 2024). ["Pro-Palestinian Group at Columbia Now Backs 'Armed Resistance' by Hamas"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/10/09/nyregion/columbia-pro-palestinian-group-hamas.html). *The New York Times*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** ["Jewish student group express unease over U of M's agreement with pro-Palestinian protesters - CBS Minnesota"](https://www.cbsnews.com/minnesota/news/university-of-minnesota-jewish-students-concerned-pro-palestinian-encampment/). *[CBS News](/source/CBS_News)*. 3 May 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** ["Protests on UK campuses fail to mobilise same support as US counterparts"](https://www.thejc.com/news/uk/protests-on-uk-campuses-fail-to-mobilise-same-support-as-us-counterparts-od7qyj4d). 7 May 2024.

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Thawabit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thawabit) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thawabit?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.