# Thagaste

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Ancient city in Algeria

For the titular see, see [Thagaste (diocese)](/source/Thagaste_(diocese)).

Thagaste Thagaste on the map of Numidia, just south of Hippo Regius.[1] Location of Thagaste in Algeria 36°17′11″N 7°57′4″E / 36.28639°N 7.95111°E / 36.28639; 7.95111 Location Algeria Region Souk Ahras Province

**Thagaste** (or **Tagaste**) was a [Roman](/source/Roman_Empire)-[Berber](/source/Berbers) city in present-day [Algeria](/source/Algeria), now called [Souk Ahras](/source/Souk_Ahras).[2][3] The town was the birthplace of [Saint Augustine](/source/Saint_Augustine).[4][5]

## History

Thagaste was originally a small [Numidian](/source/Numidia) village, inhabited by a [Berber](/source/Berbers) tribe into which [Augustine of Hippo](/source/Augustine_of_Hippo) was born in AD 354. His mother [Saint Monica](/source/Monica_of_Hippo) was a Christian and his father Patricius (with Roman roots) was at first a pagan who later adopted Christianity.

The city was located in the north-eastern highlands of Numidia. It lay around 60 miles (97 km) from [Hippo Regius](/source/Hippo_Regius), (modern [Annaba](/source/Annaba_(city))), 20 miles (32 km) southwest of [Thubursicum](/source/Khamissa) (Khamissa), and about 150 miles (240 km) from [Carthage](/source/Carthage) (on the coast of [Tunisia](/source/Tunisia)).[6]

The olive tree that is believed to have been planted by Saint Augustine

Thagaste was situated in a region full of dense forest. In antiquity, this area was renowned for its mounts, which were used as a natural citadel against different foreign invaders, including the Romans, the [Byzantines](/source/Byzantine_Empire), the [Vandals](/source/Vandals), and the [Umayyads](/source/Umayyad_Caliphate).

During the Roman period, trading increased in the city, that flourished mainly under the rule of [Septimius Severus](/source/Septimius_Severus). Thagaste became a [Roman](/source/Roman_Republic) *[municipium](/source/Municipium)* in the first century of Roman domination.[7] The city was mentioned by [Pliny the Elder](/source/Pliny_the_Elder). As a municipium, Thagaste was settled by a few Roman Italian immigrants, but was mainly inhabited by romanized native Berbers.[8]

Indeed, Roman historian Plinius (V,4,4) wrote that Tagaste was an important Christian center in Roman Africa. It had a [basilica](/source/Basilica) and a [Roman Catholic](/source/Catholic_Church) [diocese](/source/Diocese), the latter of which was the most important in Byzantine Numidia. There are three bishops of Thagaste known to history: [Saint Firminus](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saint_Firminus&action=edit&redlink=1), [Saint Alypius](/source/Alypius_of_Thagaste) (friend of Saint Augustine), and [Saint Gennarus](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gennarus&action=edit&redlink=1).

The rich and powerful [gens Valeria](/source/Gens_Valeria), later under [Saint Melania](/source/Melania_the_Younger), owned an estate nearby which was of such extent and importance as to include two episcopal sees, one belonging to the Catholic Church, the other to the Donatists. Some of the rooms of the villa were "filled with gold".[9]

There is a tradition that Saint Augustine used to meditate under an olive tree on a hill of Thagaste: this tree still exists and is the place of reunion even now for the followers of Augustinian spirituality.

The Byzantines fortified the city with walls. It fell to the Umayyad Caliphate toward the end of the seventh century. After centuries of neglect, [French colonists](/source/French_Algeria) rebuilt the city, which is now called [Souk Ahras](/source/Souk_Ahras).

## Other data

Currently, philologists and researchers from the [Canary Islands](/source/Canary_Islands) ([Spain](/source/Spain)) have linked the *Tagaste* to [Tegueste](/source/Tegueste).[10] The latter derives from **tegăsət*, which means "humid" and is of [Guanche](/source/Guanche_language) origin, which had a [Berber](/source/Berber_languages) origin.[11]

## Related people

- [Saint Monica](/source/Saint_Monica)

- [Augustine of Hippo](/source/Augustine_of_Hippo), [Doctor of the Church](/source/Doctor_of_the_Church)

- [Martianus Capella](/source/Martianus_Capella), author

- [Apuleius](/source/Apuleius), author

- [Alypius of Thagaste](/source/Alypius_of_Thagaste), bishop celebrated on August 15

- [Firmus and Rusticus](/source/Firmus_and_Rusticus), Christian martyrs (4th century)

- [Tacfarinas](/source/Tacfarinas), resisted Roman invasions

## See also

- [Ancient Rome portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Ancient_Rome)

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Museum of Souk Ahras](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Museum_of_Souk_Ahras).

- [Mauretania Caesariensis](/source/Mauretania_Caesariensis)

- [Cuicul](/source/Cuicul)

- [Hippo Regius](/source/Hippo_Regius)

- [Cirta](/source/Cirta)

- [Thagaste (diocese)](/source/Thagaste_(diocese))

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** Kiepert, H (1869). [*Atlas Antiquus*](https://archive.org/details/AtlasAntiquus-Kiepert).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** [Braudel, Fernand](/source/Fernand_Braudel) (1995). [*A History of Civilizations*](https://books.google.com/books?id=im_HHEpf-msC). [Penguin Books](/source/Penguin_Books). p. 335. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9780140124897](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780140124897). A Berber, born in 354 at Thagaste (now Souk-Ahras) in Africa...

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** [of Hippo, Augustine](/source/Augustine_of_Hippo) (1976). Yates, Jonathan P. (ed.). *[Augustinian Studies](/source/Augustinian_Studies)*. Vol. 7–8. [Philosophy Documentation Center](/source/Philosophy_Documentation_Center). p. 134. ...he grew up in an area which was a center of Berber culture.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** ["Tagaste"](http://www.cassiciaco.it/navigazione/africa/ago_citta/tagaste/tagaste.html). *Associazione Storico-Culturale S. Agostino* (in Italian). Retrieved January 26, 2015.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). ["Thagaste"](https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Thagaste). *[Catholic Encyclopedia](/source/Catholic_Encyclopedia)*. New York: Robert Appleton Company.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** ["Africa romana: Tagaste"](http://www.cassiciaco.it/navigazione/africa/ago_citta/tagaste/tagaste_foto.html). *www.cassiciaco.it* (in Italian). Retrieved 2018-02-01.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** A *municipium* was an existing city on which the citizenship had been conferred, while a colony was a new foundation or a community to which Roman settlers had been added.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** Nacéra Benseddik, *Thagaste. Souk Ahras, ville natale de saint Augustin*, p. 25

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** Life of St. Melania, CARDINAL RAMPOLLA

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** Reyes García, Ignacio. ["Tegueste"](https://web.archive.org/web/20180426080347/https://tasekenit.com/tegueste/). *Tasekenit* (in Spanish). Tenerife, Gran Canaria: Graphene Themes. Archived from [the original](https://tasekenit.com/tegueste/) on 26 April 2018. Retrieved 26 April 2018.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** ["Nombres guanches"](http://eldia.es/cultura/2011-03-04/10-Nombres-guanches.htm). *El Día* (in Spanish). Leoncio Rodríguez, S.A. 4 March 2011. Retrieved 26 April 2018.

## Bibliography

- [Benseddik, Nacéra](/source/Nac%C3%A9ra_Benseddik). *Thagaste.Souk Ahras, ville natale de saint Augustin* Ed. Inas. Alger, 2005.

- Laffi, Umberto. *Colonie e municipi nello Stato romano* Ed. di Storia e Letteratura. Roma, 2007 [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [8884983509](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/8884983509)

- Mommsen, Theodore. *The Provinces of the Roman Empire* Section: Roman Africa. (Leipzig 1865; London 1866; London: Macmillan 1909; reprint New York 1996) Barnes & Noble. New York, 1996

- Smyth Vereker, Charles. *Scenes in the Sunny South: Including the Atlas Mountains and the Oases of the Sahara in Algeria*. Volume 2. Publisher Longmans, Green, and Company. University of Wisconsin. Madison,1871 ( [Roman Thagaste](https://books.google.com/books?id=VofVAAAAMAAJ&dq=tenes+roman+cartenna&pg=PA131) )

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Thagaste](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thagaste) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thagaste?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.