# Terminalia (plant) > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Terminalia_(plant) > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Terminalia_(plant).md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminalia_(plant) > Source revision: 1331156765 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}} {{Automatic taxobox |image=Terminalia catappa 1.jpg |image_caption=''[Terminalia catappa](/source/Terminalia_catappa)'' |taxon=Terminalia |authority=[L.](/source/Carl_Linnaeus){{r|GRIN}} |synonyms={{Collapsible list|title=26 synonyms|bullets=on |''Adamaram'' {{small|Adans.}} |''Anogeissus'' {{small|(DC.) Guill.}} |''Badamia'' Gaertn. |''Buceras'' {{small|P.Browne}} |''Buchenavia'' {{small|Eichler}} |''Bucida'' {{small|L.}} |''Catappa'' Gaertn. |''Chicharronia'' A.Rich. |''Chuncoa'' Pav. ex Juss. |''Fatrea'' Juss. |''Finetia'' {{small|Gagnep.}} |''Gimbernatea'' Ruiz & Pav. |''Hudsonia'' A.Rob. ex Lunan, ''[nom. illeg.](/source/nom._illeg.)'' |''Kniphofia'' Scop., ''[nom. rej.](/source/nom._rej.)'' |''Myrobalanifera'' Houtt. |''Myrobalanus'' Gaertn. |''Pamea'' {{small|Aubl.}} |''Panel'' {{small|Adans.}} |''Pentaptera'' Roxb. |''Pteleopsis'' {{small|Engl.}} |''Ramatuela'' Kunth |''Ramatuella'' Kunth, orth. var. |''Resinaria'' Comm. ex Lam., not validly publ. |''Tanibouca'' Aubl. |''Terminaliopsis'' {{small|Danguy}} |''Vicentia'' Allemão}} |synonyms_ref={{r|GRIN}} }} '''''Terminalia''''' is a [genus](/source/genus) of large trees of the [flowering plant](/source/flowering_plant) family [Combretaceae](/source/Combretaceae), comprising nearly 300 [species](/source/species) distributed in [tropical region](/source/Tropics)s of the world.{{r|powo}} The genus name derives from the [Latin](/source/Latin) word ''terminus'', referring to the fact that the leaves appear at the very tips of the shoots.{{r|mobotpf}} [Axlewood](/source/Terminalia_latifolia) (''T. latifolia'') is used for its wood and [tannin](/source/tannin)s and as a [fodder](/source/fodder).Heuzé V., Tran G., 2016. Axlewood (''Anogeissus latifolia''). Feedipedia, a programme by INRA, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO. https://www.feedipedia.org/node/186 Last updated on March 22, 2016, 14:20 [African birch](/source/Terminalia_leiocarpa) (''T. leiocarpa'') is used for its wood and to make yellow dye and medicinal compounds.Heuzé V., Tran G., Renaudeau D., Bastianelli D., 2016. African birch (''Anogeissus leiocarpa''). Feedipedia, a programme by INRA, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO. https://www.feedipedia.org/node/701 Last updated on March 15, 2016, 11:53 A yellow dyestuff produced from the leaves of ''T. leiocarpa'' has traditionally been used in West Africa to dye leather.{{cite journal|last=Dalziel |first=J.M. |title=African Leather Dyes |journal=Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information |volume=6 |date=1926 |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |page=230 |language=en |jstor=4118651 }} ==Selected species== {{main|List of Terminalia species|l1=List of ''Terminalia'' species}} [[File:Terminalia argentea.jpg|thumb|''[Terminalia argentea](/source/Terminalia_argentea)'' flowers]] [[File:Flowers with Sykes's warbler I IMG 1880.jpg|thumb|''[Terminalia arjuna](/source/Terminalia_arjuna)'' flowers]] [[File:Harra (Terminalia chebula) hanging fruit at 23 Mile, Duars, WB W IMG 5902.jpg|thumb|''[Terminalia bellirica](/source/Terminalia_bellirica)'' fruit]] [[File:A Hoverfly on a Desi Badam (Terminalia catappa) in Hyderabad, AP W IMG 0494.jpg|thumb|''[Terminalia catappa](/source/Terminalia_catappa)'' flowers with a hoverfly - a close up]] [[File:Terminalia pallida leaves in Talakona, AP W IMG 8296.jpg|thumb|''[Terminalia pallida](/source/Terminalia_pallida)'' in [Talakona](/source/Talakona) forest, [Chittoor District](/source/Chittoor_District), [Andhra Pradesh](/source/Andhra_Pradesh), India]] [[File:Terminalia foliage.jpg|thumb|''[Terminalia porphyrocarpa](/source/Terminalia_porphyrocarpa)'' foliage and flowers]] [[File:Terminalia mantaly in Hong Kong.jpg|thumb|''[Terminalia mantaly](/source/Terminalia_mantaly)'' street tree in [Hong Kong](/source/Hong_Kong)]] There are 278 accepted ''Terminalia'' species as of July 2024 according to [Plants of the World Online](/source/Plants_of_the_World_Online).{{r|powo}} Selected species include: {{div col|colwidth=22em}} *''[Terminalia acuminata](/source/Terminalia_acuminata)'' (Fr. Allem.) Eichl. *''[Terminalia albida](/source/Terminalia_albida)'' Scott-Elliot *''[Terminalia amazonia](/source/Terminalia_amazonia)'' (J.F.Gmel.) Exell – white olive *''[Terminalia anogeissiana](/source/Terminalia_anogeissiana)'' {{Au|Gere & Boatwr.}} – axlewood *''[Terminalia arbuscula](/source/Terminalia_arbuscula)'' Sw. *''[Terminalia archipelagi](/source/Terminalia_archipelagi)'' Coode *''[Terminalia arenicola](/source/Terminalia_arenicola)'' {{small|Byrnes}} *''[Terminalia arjuna](/source/Terminalia_arjuna)'' (Roxb. ex DC.) Wight & Arn. – arjuna, koha, white marudah *''[Terminalia arostrata](/source/Terminalia_arostrata)'' Ewart & O.B.Davies – crocodile tree *''[Terminalia australis](/source/Terminalia_australis)'' Cambess – palo amarillo, tanimbú *''[Terminalia avicennioides](/source/Terminalia_avicennioides)'' {{small|Guill. & Perr.}} *''[Terminalia bellirica](/source/Terminalia_bellirica)'' (Gaertn.) Roxb. – beleric *''[Terminalia bentii](/source/Terminalia_bentii)'' {{small|(Baker) Gere & Boatwr.}} *''[Terminalia bialata](/source/Terminalia_bialata)'' (Roxb.) Steud. – [Indochina](/source/Indochina), Philippines *''[Terminalia buceras](/source/Terminalia_buceras)'' {{small|(L.) C.Wright}} *''[Terminalia bucidoides](/source/Terminalia_bucidoides)'' Standley & L.O.Williams *''[Terminalia bursarina](/source/Terminalia_bursarina)'' – Bendee *''[Terminalia calamansanai](/source/Terminalia_calamansanai)'' (Blanco) Rolfe *''[Terminalia cambodiana](/source/Terminalia_cambodiana)'' {{small|Gagnep.}} *''[Terminalia canescens](/source/Terminalia_canescens)'' (DC.) Radlk. – jalool *''[Terminalia carolinensis](/source/Terminalia_carolinensis)'' Kaneh. *''[Terminalia catappa](/source/Terminalia_catappa)'' L. – Indian almond, tropical almond, umbrella tree *''[Terminalia chebula](/source/Terminalia_chebula)'' Retz. – black myrobalan, chebulic myrobalan, inknut *''[Terminalia cherrieri](/source/Terminalia_cherrieri)'' McKee *''[Terminalia circumalata](/source/Terminalia_circumalata)'' F.Muell. *''[Terminalia cunninghamii](/source/Terminalia_cunninghamii)'' C.A.Gardner – Pindan quondong *''[Terminalia dhofarica](/source/Terminalia_dhofarica)'' {{small|(A.J.Scott) Gere & Boatwr.}} *''[Terminalia eddowesii](/source/Terminalia_eddowesii)'' Coode *''[Terminalia engleri](/source/Terminalia_engleri)'' Gere & Boatwr. – terenifù (West Africa to [Cameroon](/source/Cameroon)) *''[Terminalia elliptica](/source/Terminalia_elliptica)'' Willd. – Indian-laurel *''[Terminalia eriostachya](/source/Terminalia_eriostachya)'' A.Rich. *''[Terminalia ferdinandiana](/source/Terminalia_ferdinandiana)'' Exell – billygoat plum, Kakadu plum, gubinge *''[Terminalia fitzgeraldii](/source/Terminalia_fitzgeraldii)'' C.A.Gardner *''[Terminalia glabrata](/source/Terminalia_glabrata)'' {{small|G.Forst.}} *''[Terminalia grandiflora](/source/Terminalia_grandiflora)'' Benth. *''[Terminalia hadleyana](/source/Terminalia_hadleyana)'' W.Fitzg. *''[Terminalia ivorensis](/source/Terminalia_ivorensis)'' A.Chev. – idigbo, black afara, blackbark, brimstone wood, shingle wood *''[Terminalia januariensis](/source/Terminalia_januariensis)'' DC. *''[Terminalia kaernbachii](/source/Terminalia_kaernbachii)'' Warb. – okari nut *''[Terminalia kangeanensis](/source/Terminalia_kangeanensis)'' Slooten – Kangean almond *''[Terminalia kuhlmannii](/source/Terminalia_kuhlmannii)'' Alwan & Stace *''[Terminalia kumpaja](/source/Terminalia_kumpaja)'' R.L.Barrett *''[Terminalia latifolia](/source/Terminalia_latifolia)'' Sw. *''[Terminalia latipes](/source/Terminalia_latipes)'' Benth. *''[Terminalia leiocarpa](/source/Terminalia_leiocarpa)'' {{small|(DC.) Baill.}} *''[Terminalia littoralis](/source/Terminalia_littoralis)'' L. *''[Terminalia macroptera](/source/Terminalia_macroptera)'' Guill. & Perr. *''[Terminalia megalocarpa](/source/Terminalia_megalocarpa)'' Exell *''[Terminalia microcarpa](/source/Terminalia_microcarpa)'' Decne. *''[Terminalia muelleri](/source/Terminalia_muelleri)'' Benth. – Australian almond *''[Terminalia myriocarpa](/source/Terminalia_myriocarpa)'' {{small|Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.}} *''[Terminalia neotaliala](/source/Terminalia_neotaliala)'' – Madagascar almond tree *''[Terminalia nitens](/source/Terminalia_nitens)'' C.Presl; sakat (in Philippines) *''[Terminalia novocaledonica](/source/Terminalia_novocaledonica)'' Däniker *''[Terminalia oblongata](/source/Terminalia_oblongata)'' F.Muell. *''[Terminalia paniculata](/source/Terminalia_paniculata)'' Roth *''[Terminalia parviflora](/source/Terminalia_parviflora)'' Thwaites *''[Terminalia pellucida](/source/Terminalia_pellucida)'' C.Presl *''[Terminalia pendula](/source/Terminalia_pendula)'' {{Au|(Edgew.) Gere & Boatwr.}} (incorporating ''T. phillyreifolia'') *''[Terminalia petiolaris](/source/Terminalia_petiolaris)'' Benth. – ''marool'' *''[Terminalia platyphylla](/source/Terminalia_platyphylla)'' F.Muell. *''[Terminalia platyptera](/source/Terminalia_platyptera)'' F.Muell. *''[Terminalia polycarpa](/source/Terminalia_polycarpa)'' {{small|Engl. & Diels}} *''[Terminalia porphyrocarpa](/source/Terminalia_porphyrocarpa)'' {{small|F.Muell. ex Benth.}} *''[Terminalia prunioides](/source/Terminalia_prunioides)'' {{small|M.A.Lawson}} *''[Terminalia reitzii](/source/Terminalia_reitzii)'' Excell *''[Terminalia rerei](/source/Terminalia_rerei)'' Coode *''[Terminalia richii](/source/Terminalia_richii)'' A.Gray *''[Terminalia rostrata](/source/Terminalia_rostrata)'' {{small|Fosberg & Falanruw}} *''[Terminalia schimperiana](/source/Terminalia_schimperiana)'' Hochst. *''[Terminalia sericea](/source/Terminalia_sericea)'' Burch. ex DC. – silver terminalia *''[Terminalia superba](/source/Terminalia_superba)'' Engl. & Diels – limba *''[Terminalia triptera](/source/Terminalia_triptera)'' {{Au|Stapf.}} (syn. ''T. nigrovenulosa'' {{Au|Pierre}}) *''[Terminalia volucris](/source/Terminalia_volucris)'' Benth. {{div col end}} ==References== {{Reflist|refs= {{cite web |url=https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomygenus?id=11944 |title=Genus: ''Terminalia'' L. |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |date=2018 |access-date=2021-04-18 |archive-date=2021-04-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418065311/https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomygenus?id=11944 |url-status=live }} {{cite web |title=''Terminalia catappa'' - Plant Finder |url=http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=279242 |website=www.missouribotanicalgarden.org |access-date=18 April 2021 |archive-date=18 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418170526/http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=279242 |url-status=live }} {{cite web |title=''Terminalia'' L. |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7215-1 |website=[Plants of the World Online](/source/Plants_of_the_World_Online) |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |access-date=15 July 2024}} }} {{Taxonbar|from=Q1469349}} Category:Terminalia (plant) Category:Myrtales genera Category:Medicinal plants Category:Pantropical flora Category:Botanical taxa named by Carl Linnaeus --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Terminalia (plant)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminalia_(plant)) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminalia_(plant)?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.