# Tentaculites > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Tentaculites > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Tentaculites.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tentaculites > Source revision: 1352761934 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{Short description|Extinct genus of invertebrates}} {{Automatic taxobox | fossil_range = {{fossil range | Early Ordovician | Late Devonian | ref={{Cite book | last1 = Traverse | first1 = A. | chapter = What Paleopalynology Is and Is Not | title = Paleopalynology | series = Topics in Geobiology | volume = 28 | pages = 1–43 | year = 2007 | isbn = 978-1-4020-6684-9 | doi = 10.1007/978-1-4020-5610-9_1}} }} | image = Tentaculites bellulus.jpg | image_caption = ''[Tentaculites bellulus](/source/Tentaculites_bellulus)'' from the Middle Devonian of Wisconsin | taxon = Tentaculites | authority = von Schlotheim, 1820 | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = * ''T. bellulus'' Hall, 1876 * ''T. exaltatus'' Talent, 1963 * ''T. grandis'' Roemer, 1870 * ''[T. oswegoensis](/source/Tentaculites_oswegoensis)'' F.B. Meek & A.H. Worthen, 1865 }} '''''Tentaculites''''' is an extinct genus of conical fossils of uncertain affinity, class [Tentaculita](/source/Tentaculita), although it is not the only member of the class. It is known from Lower Ordovician to Upper Devonian deposits both as calcitic shells with a brachiopod-like microstructure{{Cite journal | last1 = Towe | first1 = K. M. | title = Tentaculites: Evidence for a Brachiopod Affinity? | journal = Science | volume = 201 | issue = 4356 | pages = 626–628 | year = 1978 | pmid = 17794124 | doi = 10.1126/science.201.4356.626| bibcode = 1978Sci...201..626T | s2cid = 22806221 }} and carbonaceous 'linings'.Wood, G.D., Miller, M.A., and Bergstrom, S.M. 2004. Late Devonian (Frasnian) tentaculite organic remains in palynological preparations, Radom−Lublin region, Poland. Memoirs of the Association of Australian Palaeontologists 29: 253–258.{{Cite journal | last1 = Filipiak | first1 = P. | last2 = Jarzynka | first2 = A. | title = Organic Remains of Tentaculitids: New Evidence from Upper Devonian of Poland | journal = Acta Palaeontologica Polonica | volume = 54 | pages = 111–116 | year = 2009 | doi = 10.4202/app.2009.0111| doi-access = free }} == Affinity== The taxonomic classification of tentaculitids is uncertain. Some grouped them with [pteropod](/source/pteropod)s, but there is no modern support and only superficial similarity.{{who||date=December 2015}}Ager, 1963, Principles of Palaeontology They may also be related to other conical shells of uncertain affinity including [cornulitids](/source/Cornulitida), ''[Anticalyptraea](/source/Anticalyptraea)'', [microconchids](/source/Microconchida) and [trypanoporids](/source/Trypanoporida).{{cite journal |author=Vinn, O. |title=Adaptive strategies in the evolution of encrusting tentaculitoid tubeworms |journal= Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |year=2010 |volume=292 |issue=1–2 |pages=211–221 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/222285765 |access-date = 2014-01-11 |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2010.03.046 |bibcode=2010PPP...292..211V }} Their shell microstructure has warranted their comparison with the [brachiopod](/source/brachiopod)s and [phoronid](/source/phoronid)s,{{cite journal | doi = 10.1080/11035897.2012.669788 | title = Phenetic phylogenetics of tentaculitoids — extinct problematic calcareous tube-forming organisms | year = 2012 | author = Vinn, O. | author2 = Zatoń, M. | journal = GFF | volume = 134 | issue = 2 | pages = 145–156 | s2cid = 83591938 | url = https://www.researchgate.net/publication/234023270 | access-date = 2014-06-11}} and the possible Ediacaran lophophorate ''[Namacalathus](/source/Namacalathus)''.1. Zhuravlev, A.Y., Wood, R.A., and Penny, A.M. (2015). Ediacaran skeletal metazoan interpreted as a lophophorate. Proc. R. Soc. B 282, 20151860. Available at: http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/lookup/doi/10.1098/rspb.2015.1860. == Morphology == thumb|right|Sketch of a ''Tentaculites ornatus'', Silurian. [[File:Tentaculitid041011.jpg|thumb|right|Tentaculitid from the New Creek Limestone ([Lochkovian](/source/Lochkovian), Early Devonian) of New Creek, [West Virginia](/source/West_Virginia).]] Tentaculitids have ribbed, cone-shaped shells which range in length from 5 to 20 mm. Some species septate; their embryonic shell, which is retained, forms a small, sometimes spherical, chamber. ==Ecology== Some species are inferred to have been planktonic.{{cite journal|author=LARSSON K. |year=1979 |title=Silurian tentaculitids from Gotland and Scania|journal=Fossils and Strata |volume=11 |pages=180}} == See also == *[Mari Mari Group](/source/Mari_Mari_Group), fossil formation in the [state of Amazonas](/source/Amazonas_(Brazilian_state)) of northwestern Brazil == References == {{Reflist}} ==Further reading== {{Commons category|Tentaculites}} * Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part W - Miscellanea. ''Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press'', 1962. [LCCN](/source/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number) 53012913 {{Taxonbar|from=Q4130259}} {{Authority control}} Category:Devonian animals Category:Late Devonian animals Category:Tentaculita Category:Early Ordovician first appearances Category:Late Devonian genus extinctions Category:Silurian animals of North America Category:Paleozoic life of Ontario Category:Paleozoic life of Alberta Category:Paleozoic life of the Northwest Territories Category:Paleozoic life of Nova Scotia Category:Paleozoic life of Quebec Category:Paleozoic life of Yukon Category:Prehistoric animal genera --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Tentaculites](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tentaculites) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tentaculites?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.