# Tapioca chips

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{{Short description|Deep fried thin slice of cassava root}}
thumb|upright=1.1|A close-up view of seasoned tapioca chips

'''Tapioca chips''' are a [snack](/source/snack) food made from thin wafers of deep-fried [cassava](/source/cassava) root. It is commonly found in [South India](/source/South_India), and [Sri Lanka](/source/Sri_Lankan_cuisine), as well as in [Indonesia](/source/Indonesian_cuisine) where it is known as '''''kripik singkong''''' (cassava chips), and in Malaysia known as ''kerepek ubi''. 

It is also a bulk commodity product that is produced and traded, and in this form is used to create products such as alcohol, animal feed, biofuel, and starch.

==Overview==
The dish is prepared using raw cassava tubers, whereby the inner rind and outer skin are removed.<ref name="Subhaschandran 1969"/> The chips are then fried or deep-fried in [coconut oil](/source/coconut_oil), salted, and often spiced with red [chili powder](/source/chili_powder).

Tapioca chips have a longer shelf life compared to raw cassava tubers.<ref name="Ninan 1986"/> The snack is sometimes purveyed and consumed as a [street food](/source/street_food).<ref name="Hindu coimbatore">{{cite web | last=Philip | first=Susan Joe | title=Humans of Coimbatore- Roadside Food Vendors | website=[The Hindu](/source/The_Hindu) | date=December 22, 2017 | url=http://www.thehindu.com/life-and-style/humans-of-coimbatore-road-side-food-vendors/article22260056.ece | access-date=January 27, 2018}}</ref>

Some companies [mass-produce](/source/Mass_production) and purvey prepared tapioca chips that are packaged in bags.<ref>{{cite book | title=Snack Food | publisher=Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Publications | issue=v. 80 | year=1991 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AMYgAQAAMAAJ | access-date=January 27, 2018 | page=42}}</ref>

==Variations==
===India and Sri Lanka===
thumbnail|300px|Plain tapioca chips from Kerala
thumbnail|300px|Spiced and plain tapioca chips

The snack is widely available in [Tamil Nadu](/source/Tamil_Nadu),<ref name="Hindu coimbatore"/> [Kerala](/source/Kerala),<ref name="Ninan 1986"/> [Karnataka](/source/Karnataka), and [Sri Lanka](/source/Sri_Lanka). High in carbohydrates, it is a crunchy and flavorful snack food, and the chips are crunchier compared to [banana chip](/source/banana_chip)s and [potato chips](/source/potato_chips). Common variants include the non-spicy and spicy (red chili pepper powder<ref>{{cite web | last=Sripathi | first=Apoorva | title=Relish the local flavour | website=The Hindu | date=September 24, 2015 | url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/Food/chennais-indigenous-chaat-masala-pori-tapioca-chips-and-more/article7565909.ece | access-date=February 2, 2018}}</ref> and other spices added).

===Indonesia===
{{main|Kripik}}
thumb|right|Indonesian ''kripik singkong'' (cassava chips)
Thinly sliced cassava is deep fried to be made as ''[kripik](/source/kripik) singkong'' crackers (cassava chips or tapioca chips).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cookpad.com/id/resep/1521274-homemade-keripik-singkong-cassava-chips|title=Resep Homemade Keripik Singkong (Cassava Chips) oleh Intan Nastiti|website=Cookpad|language=id|access-date=2018-01-27}}</ref> Next to potato chips, cassava chips are a popular snack in Indonesia and are often spiced with various flavors. Some are mass-produced and purveyed under various brand names in stores and supermarkets.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://kusukachips.com/en/kusuka-cassava-chips/|title=Kusuka Cassava Chips|website=Kusuka|access-date=2018-01-27|archive-date=2018-12-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181212050253/http://kusukachips.com/en/kusuka-cassava-chips/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

A variant of hot and spicy ''kripik singkong'' coated with sugar and chili pepper is known as ''kripik [balado](/source/Balado_(food))''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.radioaustralia.net.au/indonesian/2014-02-07/warga-australia-pun-belajar-membuat-keripik-balado/1261030|title=Warga Australia Pun Belajar Membuat Keripik Balado|website=www.radioaustralia.net.au|language=id|access-date=2018-01-27}}</ref> or ''[keripik sanjai](/source/keripik_sanjai)'', a specialty of [Bukittinggi](/source/Bukittinggi) city in West Sumatra.

==Commercial tapioca chips==
Tapioca chips and pellets are also produced, sold, and traded in bulk as a commodity, and are used to make starch, alcohol, and [biofuel](/source/biofuel).<ref>{{cite web | title=China seen facing tapioca shortage for ethanol | website=U.S. | date=January 21, 2008 | url=https://www.reuters.com/article/china-biofuel-tapioca/china-seen-facing-tapioca-shortage-for-ethanol-idUSPEK13096320080121 | access-date=January 27, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | title=Cassava in Asia, Its Potential and Research Development Needs: Proceedings of a Regional Workshop Held in Bangkok, Thailand, 5-8 June, 1984 | publisher=CIAT | year=1986 | isbn=978-84-89206-48-9 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HxSaBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA134 | access-date=January 27, 2018 | page=134}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last1=Bradlow | first1=D.D. | last2=Finkelstein | first2=J.G. | title=Negotiating Business Transactions: An Extended Simulation Course | publisher=Wolters Kluwer Law & Business | series=Aspen Coursebook Series | year=2014 | isbn=978-1-4548-3838-8 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k8XfDgAAQBAJ&pg=PT74 | access-date=January 27, 2018 | page=74}}</ref> The product is also used as animal feed in Kerala and [Chennai](/source/Chennai), India, and for this purpose, processing typically involves only the removal of the outer skin of the tubers.<ref name="Subhaschandran 1969"/> Commercial varieties typically consist of the sliced and dried cassava tuber and are not fried in oil.<ref>{{cite book | title=Cassava in Tropical Africa: A Reference Manual | publisher=[International Institute of Tropical Agriculture](/source/International_Institute_of_Tropical_Agriculture) | year=1990 | isbn=978-978-131-041-6 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m9WuNp5PpLoC&pg=PA108 | access-date=January 27, 2018 | page=108}}</ref>

==See also==
{{portal|Food}}
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [Banana chip](/source/Banana_chip)s
* [Cassava-based dishes](/source/Cassava-based_dishes)
* [List of deep fried foods](/source/List_of_deep_fried_foods)
* [List of street foods](/source/List_of_street_foods)
* [Tapioca](/source/Tapioca)
* [Vegetable chip](/source/Vegetable_chip)s
{{div col end}}

==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="Ninan 1986">{{cite book | last=Ninan | first=K.N. | title=Cereal Substitutes in a Developing Economy: A Study of Tapioca, Kerala State | publisher=Concept Publishing Company | year=1986 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k2jEG4mBvIoC&pg=PA215 | access-date=January 27, 2018 | page=215}}</ref>
<ref name="Subhaschandran 1969">{{cite book | last=Subhaschandran | first=D.V. | title=A Text Book on Animal Nutrition: For the Use of Veterinary Faculty Members, Graduates, and Post-graduates in Veterinary Colleges | publisher=Krishna Subaschandran | year=1969 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LwAqAQAAMAAJ | access-date=January 27, 2018 }}</ref>
}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite web | author=Whitworth, Joseph Janes | title=Hydrocyanic acid forces recall of Tapioca chips | website=Food Quality News | date=October 24, 2014 | url=https://www.foodqualitynews.com/Article/2014/10/24/Poisonous-chemical-found-in-Tapioca-chips | access-date=January 27, 2018}}

==External links==
* {{commons-inline|Special:Search/Tapioca chips|Tapioca chips}}
* {{cite web|url=https://ankierenique.wordpress.com/2012/04/30/manioc-a-sri-lankan-all-time-favourite/ |title=Manioc, a Sri Lankan all Time Favourite |date=29 April 2012 |publisher=Ankierenique.wordpress.com}}

{{Chips and crisps}}
{{Sri Lankan cuisine}}
{{Deep fried foods}}

Category:Deep fried foods
Category:Indian snack foods
Category:Indonesian snack foods
Category:Kerala cuisine
Category:Sri Lankan snack food
Category:Cassava dishes

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Tapioca chips](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapioca_chips) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapioca_chips?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.
