# Tamburello
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{{Short description|Italian court game}}
{{About|the game|the racetrack corner|Imola Circuit|the percussion instrument|Tambourine|the surname|Tamburello (surname)}}
{{Infobox sport
| name = Tamburello
| image = Tambourin01.png
| caption = Players in action
| union = [International Federation of Tamburello](/source/International_Federation_of_Tamburello)
| country/region = Europe, Asia, America
| sport =
| noncountry =
| nickname =
| first = 16th century in [Italy](/source/Italy)
| registered =
| contact = None
| team = 5 outdoor and 3 indoor
| mgender = Separate competitions
| category = [Ball games](/source/Ball_games)
| venue = Outdoor and indoor
| equipment = Tambourines and balls
| clubs =
| national_list =
| club_list =
}}
'''Tamburello''', named '''Tambass''' in [Piedmont](/source/Piedmont), is a [court game](/source/game_court) invented in the northern provinces of Italy during the 16th century.[[https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/antichi-giochi-italiani_%28Enciclopedia-dello-Sport%29/ Treccani encyclopedia: read section ''Il tamburello'']] It is a modification of the ancient game of [pallone col bracciale](/source/pallone), bearing the same general relation to it as [Squash](/source/Squash_(sport)) does to [Racquets](/source/Rackets_(sport)).{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=388}} Tamburello is also similar in form to [tennis](/source/tennis).[{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bslHAAAAIAAJ&q=tamburello |title=Pastimes and Players, By Robert Macgregor (Page 66) |publisher=Chatto and Windus, Picadilly |date=1881 |access-date=21 December 2019}}]
Tamburello and its variations remain popular today in many nations of the world.
==Forms==
===Open===
This form is played at professional level in Italy where there are two varieties. The first kind takes place in a specialised sports venue called a [sphaeristerium](/source/sphaeristerium) (''sferisterio'' in [Italian](/source/Italian_language)), with a lateral wall which permits the ball to rebound. The second kind is played in an open playing field without a lateral wall. A full-sized tamburello court, which need not be as true and even as that for pallone, is {{convert|90|to|100|yd|m}} long and half as wide, divided laterally through the middle by a line (''cordino'') into two equal spaces, the ''battuta'' and the ''rimessa''. Five players regularly form a side, each carrying in one hand an implement called a tamburello, hence the sport name, which is a round frame of [plastic](/source/plastic) over which a cover of [polymer](/source/polymer) is tightly stretched. A rubber ball generally larger than a [tennis ball](/source/tennis_ball) is used. One of the players opens the service (''battuta''), which begins from a small square called the ''trampolino'', situated at one corner of the ''battuta'' but outside the court. The service must be over the middle line. The ball must then be hit from side to side over the line, with the side failing to return it or sending it out of court losing a point. The game is scored like [lawn tennis](/source/lawn_tennis), with four points constituting a game, counting 15+15+10+10.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=388}}
thumb|upright=1.6|Tamburello rounded shape with ball used in open
===Indoor===
Tamburello indoor is practiced in an enclosed space such as a sports hall or a school gym on a small field. Each team has a maximum of eight players, with three simultaneously in the field. The ball in this case cannot be made of rubber, because it is too fast, and then using the tennis ball type depressurized.{{clarify|date=November 2025}} This is the tamburello's form more prevalent among the world: they play at least in 20 nations.
===Tambeach===
[Tambeach](/source/Tambeach) is played on sand, so players must hit the ball in flight before it contacts the ground. Players stand on a field which is 24x12 metres split in half by a net high 2.15 m. One player plays versus another, or two players versus another two, like [beach tennis](/source/beach_tennis).
===Tambutennis===
In [tambutennis](/source/tambutennis), two players regularly stand in each side on a court split in half by a net like [tennis](/source/tennis). The ball used in this game is made with [terrycloth](/source/terrycloth).
===Tambourelli===
[Tambourelli](/source/Tambourelli) is a form which was started by Scottish players. It is similar to tambeach and [badminton](/source/badminton), because they play with a [shuttlecock](/source/shuttlecock).
==Notes==
{{reflist}}
==References==
*{{EB1911|wstitle=Tamburello|volume=26|page=388}}
== External links ==
{{commonscatinline}}
* [http://www.giacopuzzi.net/prodotti/classic/index.htm Italian tamburello supplier] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080307043125/http://www.giacopuzzi.net/prodotti/classic/index.htm |date=2008-03-07 }} {{in lang|it}}
* [http://www.tamcat.org Catalan Tamburello Federation] {{in lang|ca}}
===Video===
*[http://www.gardanetwork.tv/tamburello/demo_2007/open.html Open or 5 players a side] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080214103249/http://www.gardanetwork.tv/tamburello/demo_2007/open.html |date=2008-02-14 }}
*[http://www.gardanetwork.tv/tamburello/demo_2007/indoor.html Indoor or 3 players a side] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080127195143/http://www.gardanetwork.tv/tamburello/demo_2007/indoor.html |date=2008-01-27 }}
{{Team sports}}
Category:Team sports
Category:Ball games
Category:Sports originating in Italy
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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Tamburello](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamburello) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamburello?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.