# Swale Vincent

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{{Short description|British physiologist}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name             = Thomas Swale Vincent
| image            =
| image_size       = 
| caption          = 
| birth_date       = {{birth date|1868|5|24|df=y}}
| birth_place      = 
| death_date       = {{death date and age|1933|12|31|1868|5|24|df=y}}
| death_place      = <!--insert location of death-->
| field            = [Physiologist](/source/Physiologist); [endocrinologist](/source/endocrinologist)
| work_institution = [Mason Science College](/source/Mason_Science_College) later the [University of Birmingham](/source/University_of_Birmingham))<br />[University of Manitoba](/source/University_of_Manitoba)<br />[University of London](/source/University_of_London)
| alma_mater       = [Mason Science College](/source/Mason_Science_College) (later the [University of Birmingham](/source/University_of_Birmingham))
| doctoral_advisor = <!--please insert-->
| known_for        = Early research on [ductless gland](/source/ductless_gland)s
| religion         = 
| footnotes        =  
}}

'''Thomas Swale Vincent''' (24 May 1868 &ndash; 31 December 1933) was a British [physiologist](/source/physiology) who spent most of his working life in Canada.

==Early years==

[[Image:Mason Science College.png|thumb|right|[Mason Science College](/source/Mason_Science_College), now the University of Birmingham]]
Thomas Swale Vincent was born in [Birmingham](/source/Birmingham) on 24 May 1868, the son of Joseph Vincent and his wife, Margaret Swale.<ref name=BMJ>C. Lovatt Evans (1934) "T. Swale Vincent, M.D., D.Sc., Ll.D. Formerly Professor Of Physiology, University Of London," ''The British Medical Journal,'' Vol. 1, No. 3810 (Jan. 13, 1934), pp. 83-84</ref><ref name=Biography>''British physiologists 1885-1914: a biographical dictionary,'' Manchester University Press ND, 1991, p513-5</ref>

He was educated at [King Edward VI Grammar School](/source/King_Edward's_School%2C_Birmingham) in [Birmingham](/source/Birmingham),<ref name=BMJ/><ref name=Biography/> and subsequently studied medicine at [Mason Science College](/source/Mason_Science_College) (which later became the [University of Birmingham](/source/University_of_Birmingham)), graduating MB in 1894.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ulrls.lon.ac.uk/resources/general_register_part_3.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-07-20 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304023058/http://www.ulrls.lon.ac.uk/resources/general_register_part_3.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=BMJ/><ref name=Biography/> At age 24, Swale qualified in medicine, and travelled to the [University of Heidelberg](/source/University_of_Heidelberg) to study under [Albrecht Kossel](/source/Albrecht_Kossel).<ref name=BMJ/> He then returned to Mason Science College as a demonstrator of physiology.<ref name=BMJ/>

==Career==
In 1896, Vincent's first paper, entitled "The Suprarenal Capsules in the Lower Vertebrates," was published in ''The Proceedings of the Birmingham Natural History and Philosophical Society.''<ref name=BMJ/> This research earned him a BMA Research Scholarship,<ref name=BMJ/> presenting the opportunity to work with [E.A. Schäfer](/source/Edward_Albert_Sharpey-Schafer), the original discoverer of the suprarenal capsules, at [University College](/source/University_College_London) in London.<ref name=BMJ/> In 1897, Vincent succeeded [Benjamin Moore](/source/Benjamin_Moore_(biochemist)) as Sharpey Scholar,<ref name=BMJ/> becoming assistant professor to Schäfer, and, in 1899, to [Ernest Starling](/source/Ernest_Starling).<ref name=BMJ/>

In 1900, Vincent was appointed a lecturer at [Cardiff](/source/University_of_Cardiff), where his students included future [cardiologist](/source/cardiologist) [Thomas Lewis](/source/Thomas_Lewis_(cardiologist)), with whom he published two papers on the biochemistry of muscle.<ref name=BMJ/> Lewis later wrote, "I have always been grateful to Vincent for giving me my first introduction to scientific work."<ref name=BMJ/> Two years later, he was awarded the Francis Mason Research Scholarship,<ref name=BMJ/> and rejoined Schäfer, now at the [University of Edinburgh](/source/University_of_Edinburgh), to study the physiology of the [thymus](/source/thymus) and other [ductless gland](/source/ductless_gland)s.<ref name=BMJ/> In 1904 he was awarded a [Doctor of Science](/source/Doctor_of_Science) from the University of Edinburgh for his thesis on [Addison's disease and the functions of the suprarenal capsules](/source/hdl%3A1842%2F20816).<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Vincent|first=Swale|date=1904|title=Addison's disease and the functions of the suprarenal capsules|url=https://era.ed.ac.uk/handle/1842/20816|language=en}}</ref>

In 1904, Vincent was appointed the first professor of physiology at the [University of Manitoba](/source/University_of_Manitoba) in [Winnipeg](/source/Winnipeg), Manitoba, Canada.<ref name=BMJ/><ref name=Manitoba>Ian Carr & Robert E. Beamish (1999) ''Manitoba medicine: a brief history,'' Univ. of Manitoba Press, p55</ref> Here, he oversaw the research of biochemist [Alexander Thomas Cameron](/source/Alexander_Thomas_Cameron), and was influential in fostering Cameron's interest in [endocrinology](/source/endocrinology).<ref name=BJ>White, F.D. & Collip J.B. (1948) "Obituary Notice: Alexander Thomas Cameron, 1882-1947," ''Biochemical Journal'', 43(1): 1–2</ref> In 1910, Vincent was elected a Fellow of the [Royal Society of Edinburgh](/source/Royal_Society_of_Edinburgh). His proposers were Sir [Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer](/source/Edward_Albert_Sharpey-Schafer), [William Cramer](/source/William_Cramer_(pathologist)), [James Cossar Ewart](/source/James_Cossar_Ewart) and [Orlando Charnock Bradley](/source/Orlando_Charnock_Bradley).<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp2.pdf|title=Biographical Index of Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783–2002|date=July 2006|publisher=The Royal Society of Edinburgh|isbn=0-902-198-84-X|access-date=2019-02-17|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304074135/https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp2.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Vincent remained at Manitoba until 1920, when he returned to London to become professor of physiology at [Middlesex Hospital](/source/Middlesex_Hospital).<ref name=BMJ/> He retired from this post in 1930.<ref name=BMJ/>

==Personal life==
In 1914, he married Beatrice Overton, daughter of Mr. W. Overton, and had two daughters; all three survived him.<ref name="BMJ" /> Vincent's shyness sometimes gave an impression of brusqueness, but friends knew him as a "staunch friend and a charming companion."<ref name="BMJ" /> Vincent, who practised as a [pianist](/source/pianist), also had a deep love of music.<ref name="BMJ" />

==Attitudes==

Vincent's research on [endocrinology](/source/endocrinology) earned him a strong international reputation in his field.<ref name=BMJ/> He was known for his "highly critical and sceptical mind,"<ref name=BMJ/> and was described by colleague [William Cramer](/source/William_Cramer_(pathologist)) as "a man of firm principles and high ideals on which he would not compromise."<ref name=BMJ/>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Vincent, Swale}}
Category:1868 births
Category:1933 deaths
Category:20th-century British biologists
Category:British endocrinologists
Category:British physiologists
Category:Alumni of the University of Birmingham
Category:Academics of the University of Birmingham
Category:British expatriates in Canada

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Swale Vincent](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swale_Vincent) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swale_Vincent?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.